水污染与水域生态系统的保护

对水域生态系统的特点进行了介绍,指出了河流形态多样性是生物群落多样性的基础,提出了保持生态系统健康性与完整性的技术对策要点。     

青海省化隆县昂思多矿泉水的水质

对昂思多乡地区不同泉眼泉水的水质进行随机抽检，结果表明该区域内泉水的理化和微生物指标不仅符合国家生活饮用水的标准，同时符合天然饮用矿泉水的标准，属富锶型偏碱性中等软水，而且该地区泉水未受到有机物的污染，可将昂思多乡泉水做为优质的天然饮用矿泉水水源。     

Water Prism: A Tool to Assess Water Availability Risk and Investigate Water Management Strategies

Water availability risk is a local issue best understood with watershed‐scale quantification of both withdrawal and consumptive demands in the context of available supply. Collectively, all water use sectors must identify, understand, and respond to this risk. A highly visual and computationally robust decision support tool, Water Prism, quantitatively explores mitigation responses to water risk on both a facility‐level and basin‐aggregated basis. Water Prism examines a basin water balance for a 40‐ to 60‐year planning horizon, distinguishes among water use sectors, and accounts for ecosystem water needs. The 2012 Texas State Water Plan was used to apply Water Prism to the Big Cypress‐Sulphur Basin (Texas). The case study showed Water Prism to be an accurate and convenient tool to provide fine‐scale understanding of water use in the context of available supply, evaluate multi‐sector combinations of conservation strategies, and quantify the effects of future demands and water availability. Analyses demonstrated water availability risks for rivers and reservoirs can vary within a basin and must be calculated independently, simulation of water balance conditions can help illuminate potential impacts of increasing demands, and scenario simulations can be used to evaluate relative conservation efficacy of different water resource management strategies for each sector. Based on case study findings, Water Prism can serve as a useful assessment tool for regional water planners.     

黄山市几种水体中细菌总数的测定与水质评价

应用标准平皿法测定了黄山市几种水体中的细菌总数,并结合水质评价标准对它们进行了初步的水质评价。结果表明,新安江（屯溪段）中细菌总数为260个／mi,属清洁水;率水河水样和听松湖水样中细菌数分别为5．0×10^3个／ml、3．4×10^3个／血,属不太清洁水;学校后池塘水水样中细菌总数为7．2×10^3／ml,属于不清洁水;自来水水样为极清洁水。     

论新疆水资源合理开发利用与水环境保护

根据新疆“三水”资源的形成背景与时空分布特征,提出合理开发利用“三水”资源与水环境保护的积极举措,促使水环境质量与生态环境质量的提高;贯彻开发与节约并举;遵循在开发中保护,在保护中开发的总原则。实施开源节流,确保水资源的永续利用。     

国际河流的水事矛盾与水权讨论

分析了国际河流的水事矛盾，讨论了水权、水权与主权的关系、水权的作用与意义，提出应用水权理论解决国际河流水事矛盾的建议。     

Water Access, Water Scarcity, and Climate Change

This article investigates the approaches of the various discourses operating in the water sector and how they address the issues of scarcity and equitable access under projected climate change impacts. Little synergy exists between the different approaches dealing with these issues. Whilst being a sustainable development and water resources management issue, a holistic view of access, scarcity and the projected impacts of climate change is not prevalent in these discourses. The climate change discourse too does not adequately bridge the gap between these issues. The projected impacts of climate change are likely to exacerbate the problems of scarcity and equitable access unless appropriate adaptation strategies are adopted and resilience is built. The successful delivery of accessible water services under projected climate change impacts therefore lies with an extension of the adaptive water management approach to include equitable access as a key driver.     

水危机与中水回用技术方法的探讨

世界与国内水资源短缺的现状表明中水回用十分迫切。本文介绍了国内外中水回用的应用情况,表明该技术对缓解世界与国内的用水压力起着举足轻重的作用。阐述了中水回用的技术方法、水质要求及工艺流程,讨论了中水回用的实际意义,结论表明：中水回用提高了水的利用率,实现了水资源的可持续发展。     

“SMF+HAPRO”浓水循环中水回用技术

由厦门市威士邦膜科技有限公司、厦门绿邦膜技术有限公司开发的"SMF+HAPRO"浓水循环中水回用技术,适用于多种工业废水的深度处理及回用。主要技术内容一、基本原理采用高分子薄膜作介质,以附加能量为推动力,对多组分溶液进行过滤分离而达到去除污染物的目的。     

自然水体水质改善与修复技术

文章介绍了自然水体水质改善与修复技术研究的进展,并提出了实施建议。     

微污染水源水处理技术概况

微量和痕量有毒有害的有机污染物进入水体污染水源。而这些有机污染物浓度甚微,反映在COD,BOD_5~-,TOC等常规指标上微不足道,但其毒性甚大是致癌、可疑致癌和致突变的物质,对人体健康危害极大。本文简要介绍了受微量和痕量有机污染物污染的微污染水源的概况、微污染水源水处理技术的研究进展、解决微污染水源净化的若干途径。     

保障农村饮水安全的水价模式研究

合理的水价模式是实现农村饮水安全工程高效率和可持续运营的关键.当前我国正在进行水价改革,传统的水价制定方法只是基于单纯的成本分摊,忽视了用水者的需求行为,使水价不能真正起到优化配置水资源的作用.通过综合运用经济学、管理科学、水利科学、概率统计等基本理论,提出了农村饮水安全工程的非线性水价模式.     

初级再生水对循环水处理药剂的影响

初级再生水回用过程中所要解决的两个难题是腐蚀和微生物的控制。通过对锦西石化分公司初级再生水对各循环水场现用药剂的缓蚀阻垢效果及杀菌效果进行了实验室综合评价,考察缓蚀阻垢性能、杀菌性能及药剂加药量的影响,并根据水质情况及药剂评价结果提出了初级再生水的最佳pH值及COD值范围,并根据水场及水质情况选出最优药剂,为合理加药剂提供依据。     

Water Appropriation Systems for Adapting to Water Shortages in Iraq

Climate variability and population growth have intensified the search internationally for measures to adapt to fluctuations in water supplies. An example can be found in the lower part of the transboundary Tigris‐Euphrates Basin where water shortages in 2008‐2009 resulted in high economic costs to irrigation farmers. Losses to irrigators in the lower basin have made a compelling case to identify flexible methods to adapt to water shortage. Few published studies have systematically examined ways to enhance the flexibility of water appropriation systems to adapt to water shortage. This article addresses an ongoing challenge in water governance by examining how profitability at both the farm and basin levels is affected by various water appropriation systems. Four water appropriation systems are compared for impacts on farm income under each of three water supply scenarios. Results show that a (1) proportional sharing of water shortages among provinces and (2) unrestricted water trading rank as the top two appropriation systems. The shadow price of water for irrigation rises from zero at a full water supply level to US$93/1,000 m³ when supply falls to 20% of full levels. Similar methods could be used to analyze challenges facing the design or implementation of water appropriation systems in the world's irrigated regions.