油菜对铅镉污染土壤的修复效果研究

文章通过盆栽实验分析油菜在不同浓度下对土壤中铅、镉的富集能力,分别配制Pb+Cd浓度为0mg/kg+0mg/kg、200mg/kg+5mg/kg、500mg/kg+10mg/kg、1000mg/kg+15mg/kg、1500mg/kg+20mg/kg的5种模拟污染土壤,种植油菜5个月后收获,通过测定土壤中Pb、Cd的浓度,油菜地上部分、地下部分Pb、Cd的含量,油菜各部位的转运系数和富集系数,结果表明:油菜对土壤Pb、Cd污染具有一定的耐性,在土壤Pb浓度0~200mg/kg、Cd浓度0~5mg/kg范围内,对油菜的生长有促进作用。在土壤Pb浓度200~1500mg/kg、Cd浓度5~20mg/kg范围内,对油菜的生长有抑制作用。油菜根部、茎叶中和籽粒中对Pb的富集系数分别为8.92、11.19和7.66,对Cd的富集系数分别为59.01、80.44和52.42,油菜茎叶对Pb、Cd的富集能力最强。     

金昌市城区土壤重金属空间分布及潜在生态危害评价

通过对金昌市区范围内74处土壤的取样研究分析,结果表明：Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn5种重金属平均含量均超过当地土壤背景值,其中以Cu和Ni最为显著,其平均含量分别达到430mg／kg和361mg／kg;5种重金属变异系数均较大,其中Cu和Ni变异系数达到了11.5％和12.3％,属强变异性;采用克立格最优内插法得到金昌市表层土壤重金属含量的空间分布图,发现Cu和Ni呈局部污染态势,矿业开采和金属冶炼加工等工业活动是Cu和Ni最大的污染源;Pb、Zn和Cd在整个研究区域内都有积累,工矿活动和交通运输是金昌市Pb、Zn和Cd的共同污染源。潜在生态危害评价结果表明,该地区重金属污染已构成中度生态危害。     

海南八门湾沿岸表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价

通过在海南八门湾内布设15个调查站位,监测分析表层沉积物中重金属分布、污染来源及潜在生态风险。结果表明,研究区表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、Hg和As平均值分别为19.78 mg/kg、5.94 mg/kg、36.27 mg/kg、15.99 mg/kg、0.18 mg/kg、0.04 mg/kg和6.82 mg/kg;Pb、Cr及Zn,Cu与Cd、As可能具有相同或相似污染源;重金属污染程度以轻微生态危害为主,其次为中等生态危害及强生态危害;重金属Cd与Hg为主要潜在生态危害因子,潜在生态风险由高到低依次为CdHgAsCuPbZnCr。     

北方某水库表层沉积物重金属的赋存形态及其环境影响因子分析

为了解北方某水库重金属污染状况,采用BCR连续提取法对该水库表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的赋存形态进行了分析,对其含量及空间分布进行了研究,结合重金属总量讨论了各元素的潜在环境风险。结果表明,该水库表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的平均质量比分别为65.20 mg/kg、36.69 mg/kg、137.5 mg/kg、2.38 mg/kg,与该地区土壤元素背景值、该地区水系沉积物平均值及全国水系沉积物平均值相比,4种重金属元素均有一定程度的累积,其中Cd累积最为严重。形态分析结果表明,Cd主要以醋酸可提取态及可还原态存在,具有很高的环境风险;Pb主要以极高比例的可还原态存在,潜在风险较高;Zn和Cu存在较大比例的酸可提取态及可还原态,也具有一定程度的潜在风险。各元素生物有效性即可提取态含量排序为:Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn。     

乌鲁木齐市米东污灌区农田土壤重金属污染评价

对米东污灌区农田土壤重金属含量进行监测分析,利用不同的评价方法和标准对土壤重金属的环境质量进行评价。结果表明:米东污灌区农田土壤重金属含量分别为Cd(0.12±0.06)mg/kg,Cu(40.43±5.30)mg/kg,Zn(78.38±11.04)mg/kg,Pb(11.66±11.79)mg/kg,Ni(20.24±8.05)mg/kg,Cr(75.81±8.05)mg/kg。以国家土壤环境质量标准(二级)为标准评价,各元素的污染指数排序为Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cd>Pb,综合污染指数为0.337,污染程度为安全。以食用农产品产地土壤环境质量要求为标准评价,各元素的污染指数排序为Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cd>Pb,综合污染指数为0.343,污染程度为安全。表明米东污灌区农田土壤重金属含量尚能达到食用农产品产地土壤环境质量要求。Pb、Cu、Zn的平均含量超过乌鲁木齐市土壤背景值,这说明污灌区土壤重金属Pb、Cu、Zn近年来已有所累积,存在一定的污染风险。     

银叶真藓(Bryum argenteum)监测黔滇高速公路重金属污染的研究

通过采集G60高速公路贵阳—昆明段自然分布的银叶真藓(Bryum argenteum),监测其中Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr和Pb的含量,并采用污染因子和主成分分析方法研究重金属污染程度及来源。结果表明:研究路段银叶真藓中的重金属含量由高到低依次为Zn Cu Cr Pb Cd,Zn和Cu质量比平均值分别为1 060 mg/kg和102 mg/kg,明显高于对照点。主成分分析表明,重金属Zn、Cu、Pb和Cd可能来源于交通污染,而Cr来源于其他污染源。污染因子分析表明,重金属Zn污染最严重,Cu总体属于重度污染,Cr和Cd属于中度污染,Pb总体污染较低。     

濮阳工业园区土壤重金属背景值及质量评价

为了研究濮阳工业园区土壤重金属背景值,采集了该园区及周边土壤46个样品,测定了土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd和Ni的含量,并采用污染负荷指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤质量进行了评价。结果表明:工业园区土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni的背景值分别为36.2、118、49.2、40.6、0.125、15.3 mg/kg;Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的含量高于河南省土壤重金属背景值;Pb为极强污染,Cu、Zn、Cd为中等污染,重金属污染程度从重到轻的排序为PbZnCuCd,表明濮阳工业园区土壤重金属具有轻微的潜在生态危害。     

镇江地区土壤中重金属Cu和Pb污染状况与空间分布

为了锯镇江地区土壤中重金属Cu和Ph的污染状况与空间分布,对镇江地区表层土壤中的Cu和Pb进行了采样监测。结果表明,镇江地区表层土壤中cu的含量为19．2～273mg／kg,Pb的含量为20．6～3846mg／kg。与全省土壤背景值相比,均有一定程度的富集。对cu和Pb的相互关系进行分析可得出,镇江地区土壤在一定程度上受到农业面源的污染。     

洞庭湖表层沉积物中重金属污染特征、来源与生态风险

选择洞庭湖9个有代表性的样点,研究了洞庭湖表层沉积物中重金属的空间分布特征、主要来源与生态风险。结果表明,洞庭湖Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cr的含量分别为0.60~20.70、0.090~0.640、10.4~83.7、17.9~70.9、16.9~95.8、59.0~199.0 mg/kg,Cd、As出现超过土壤环境质量三级标准的现象,是主要重金属污染物;Cd、Hg的空间分布相似,表现为南洞庭湖区西洞庭湖区东洞庭湖区;As、Cu、Pb、Cr的空间分布相似,表现为南洞庭湖区东洞庭湖区西洞庭湖区。相关分析结果显示:As、Cd、Hg、Cu、Pb之间呈显著正相关,Cr与其它重金属之间没有显著的相关性。主成分分析结果表明,第一主成分的Hg、As、Cd主要受工矿业采冶支配,第二主成分的Cr、Pb、Cu主要与生活污水排放和农业生产有关。沉积物质量基准法初步评价结果表明,洞庭湖Cd、Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Cr等重金属均具有引起较低生态风险的可能性,部分点位Cd、As、Cr具有引起较高生态风险的可能性。受Cd、As含量较高的影响,南洞庭湖区具有较高的生态风险。     

矿山周边农田土壤磁化率与重金属含量的关系研究

以四川某矿山周边农田土壤为研究对象,测定表层土壤样品磁化率和Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Hg 8种元素的含量,探讨土壤磁化率与重金属等的相关性及空间分布规律。结果表明:与农用地土壤污染风险管控标准相比,除Hg外,其他7种元素均有不同程度的超标,以Cd、Cu超标最严重,超标率分别达到98. 9%和38. 7%;低频磁化率(χ_(lf))和频率磁化率(χ_(fd))的均值分别为175×10~(-8)m~3/kg和5. 2%,其中旱地土壤的低频磁化率(χ_(lf))与重金属Cu、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cd的含量呈显著正相关,水田土壤磁化率与重金属的相关性不明显,表明旱地土壤磁化率能更好地指示土壤重金属污染;土壤低频磁化率(χ_(lf))与重金属含量和污染负荷指数(PLI)有着相似的空间分布,高值区集中在研究区中东部、东南部和北部地区,而频率磁化率(χ_(fd))与低频磁化率(χ_(lf))的分布趋势相反。土壤磁化率能够较好地指示农田土壤重金属的污染程度,可以作为土壤重金属污染研究的辅助手段。     

典型涉污企业周边土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价

分析和评价典型涉污企业周边土壤环境质量,对于加强企业用地环境风险管控,实施土壤重金属污染精准防控,进一步保障农产品质量安全具有重要意义。以18类典型涉污企业周边土壤为研究对象,对475家企业周边的2 017个监测样点进行土壤重金属Cd、As、Pb、Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn和Ni元素含量测定,并采用主成分分析法、Hakanson 潜在生态风险指数法进行分析及评价。结果表明:典型涉污企业周边土壤重金属污染以Cd、Pb和As元素为主,各元素含量超过土壤污染风险筛选值的样品比例为9.82%~31.0%,超过土壤污染风险管控值的样品比例为4.46%~13.1%,其次是Zn、Cu、Hg和Ni,Cr无明显污染;主要污染元素Cd、Pb、As、Zn和Cu来自相同污染源且主要分布在有色金属矿采选业(B9)、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业(C31)、有色金属冶炼和压延加工业(C32)、生态保护和环境治理业(N77)等行业企业周边;黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业(C31)、有色金属矿采选业(B9)、有色金属冶炼和压延加工业(C32)等行业企业周边土壤重金属潜在生态风险等级较高,中等风险及以上比例分别为76.0%、53.0%和54.1%。可见,典型涉污企业周边土壤重金属存在一定程度的污染,尤其是有色金属矿采选业(B9)等采矿业以及黑色金属冶炼和压延加工(C31)等制造业等,污染程度高,潜在生态风险大,需要加强监测和管控。     

Pollution, fractionation, and mobility of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in garden and paddy soils from a Pb/Zn mining area

This study was conducted to investigate the pollution load index, fraction distributions, and mobility of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in garden and paddy soils collected from a Pb/Zn mine in Chenzhou City, China. The samples were analyzed using Leleyter and Probst’s sequential extraction procedures. Total metal concentrations including Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn exceeded the maximum permissible limits for soils set by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, and the order of the pollution index was Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu, indicating that the soils from both sites seriously suffered from heavy metal pollution, especially Cd. The sums of metal fractions were in agreement with the total contents of heavy metals. However, there were significant differences in fraction distributions of heavy metals in garden and paddy soils. The residual fractions of heavy metals were the predominant form with 43.0% for Pb, 32.3% for Cd, 33.5% for Cu, and 44.2% for Zn in garden soil, while 51.6% for Pb, 40.4% for Cd, 40.3% for Cu, and 40.9% for Zn in paddy soil. Furthermore, the proportions of water-soluble and exchangeable fractions extracted by the selected analytical methods were the lowest among all fractions. On the basis of the speciation of heavy metals, the mobility factor values of heavy metals have the following order: Cd (25.2–19.8%) > Cu (22.6–6.3%) > Zn (9.6–6.0%) > Pb (6.7–2.5%) in both contaminated soils.     

Contamination assessment of arsenic and heavy metals in a typical abandoned estuary wetland—a case study of the Yellow River Delta Natural Reserve

Coastal and estuarine areas are often polluted by heavy metals that result from industrial production and agricultural activities. In this study, we investigated the concentration trait and vertical pattern of trace elements, such as As, Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cr, and the relationship between those trace elements and the soil properties in coastal wetlands using 28 profiles that were surveyed across the Diaokouhe Nature Reserve (DKHNR). The goal of this study is to investigate profile distribution characteristics of heavy metals in different wetland types and their variations with the soil depth to assess heavy metal pollution using pollution indices and to identify the pollution sources using multivariate analysis and sediment quality guidelines. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and pollution level indices were applied to evaluate the contamination conditions due to wetland degradation. The findings indicated that the concentration of trace elements decreased with the soil depth, while Cd increases with soil depth. The As concentrations in reed swamps and Suaeda heteroptera surface layers were slightly higher than those in other land use types. All six heavy metals, i.e., Ni, Cu, As, Zn, Cr, and Pb, were strongly associated with PC1 (positive loading) and could reflect the contribution of natural geological sources of metals into the coastal sediments. PC2 is highly associated with Cd and could represent anthropogenic sources of metal pollution. Most of the heavy metals exhibited significant positive correlations with total concentrations; however, no significant correlations were observed between them and the soil salt and soil organic carbon. Soil organic carbon exhibited a positive linear relationship with Cu, Pb, and Zn in the first soil layer (0–20 cm); As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the second layer (20–40 cm); and As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the third layer (40–60 cm). Soil organic carbon exhibited only a negative correlation with Cd (P?I _geo values), which averaged less than 0 in the three soil layers, this finding indicates that the soils have remained unpolluted by these heavy metals. The mean concentrations of these trace elements were lower than Class I criteria. The degradation wetland restoration suggestions have also been provided in such a way as to restore the reserved flow path of the Yellow River. The results that are associated with trace element contamination would be helpful in providing scientific directions to restore wetlands across the world.     

湖南省某冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价

利用野外采样与实验室分析相结合的方法,以湖南省某冶炼厂周边农田土壤(0~20 cm)为研究对象,监测了Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Hg等7种重金属的含量,并对重金属污染程度与潜在生态风险进行了评价。结果表明,7种重金属都存在不同程度的超标或污染,其中Cd、As、Pb等的污染较为严重。统计学分析结果表明,Pb、As、Hg、Zn、Cd等来源相同,可能主要都来自于人为污染,即冶炼作业造成的污染。7种重金属化学形态不尽相同:在重金属有效态中,Cd的水溶态和可提取态较高;Pb、Cu、Zn可还原态、可氧化态这两部分含量较高。而Hg、As、Cr的残渣态含量较高。风险评价代码评价结果表明,Cd的生态风险较高,4.5%的样点Cd为极高生态风险,52.8%的样点Cd为高生态风险,42.7%的样点Cd为中度生态风险;100%的样点Zn为中度生态风险;Cu有60.1%的样点属于低生态风险,39.9%的样点属于中度生态风险;As、Pb主要以低生态风险为主(所占比例分别为77.2%、80%);Hg主要以无生态风险为主(所占94.3%)。Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法计算的综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)的范围为46.4~1 627.5,表明研究区域农田土壤存在很高的生态风险。上述各项结果综合表明,研究区农田土壤受到了严重的重金属污染,由此引起的重金属生态风险应引起高度关注。     

Distribution of heavy metals in agricultural soils near a petrochemical complex in Guangzhou, China

The aim of the study was to investigate influence of an industrialized environment on the accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils. Seventy soil samples collected from surface layers (0-20 cm) and horizons of five selected pedons in the vicinity area of petrochemical complex in Guangzhou, China were analyzed for Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As concentrations, the horizontal and vertical variation of these metals were studied and geographic information system (GIS)-based mapping techniques were applied to generate spatial distribution maps. The mean concentrations of these heavy metals in the topsoils did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations in agricultural soil of China with the exception of Hg. Significant differences between land-use types showed that Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As concentrations in topsoils were strongly influenced by agricultural practices and soil management. Within a radius of 1,300 m there were no marked decreasing trends for these element concentrations (except for Zn) with the increase of distance from the complex boundary, which reflected little influence of petroleum air emission on soil heavy metal accumulation. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg and As in the five pedons, particularly in cultivated vegetable field and orchard, decreased with soil depth, indicating these elements mainly originated from anthropogenic sources. GIS mapping was a useful tool for evaluating spatial variability of heavy metals in the affected soil. The spatial distribution maps allowed the identification of hot-spot areas with high metal concentration. Effective measures should be taken to avoid or minimize heavy metal further contamination of soils and to remediate the contaminated areas in order to prevent pollutants affecting human health through agricultural products.     

Cd,Cr, Cu,Pb, and Zn concentrations in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ulva lactuca,Codium fragile,Jania rubens,</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dictyota dichotoma</Emphasis> from Rabta Bay,Jijel (Algeria)

Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were determined in algae samples collected from the Rabta Bay in the Mediterranean Sea, Algeria. The levels of heavy metals in the macroalgae, Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile (green algae), Jania rubens (red algae), and Dictyota dichotoma (brown algae) recorded high concentrations except for Cd. Moreover, Zn was the most predominant metal in the seaweeds. The obtained HM contents indicate that different species demonstrate various degree of metal accumulation and the obtained higher values in site 1 of the studied zone can be attributed to the discharge influence of two rivers (Mouttas and Larayeche Rivers), entering the Mediterranean Sea and local pollutant emissions. The abundance of heavy metal concentrations in the macroalgae samples was found in the order below: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd from the studied zone. The highest amounts of heavy metals in algae samples were Cd, Cu, and Pb in brown algae, and Cr and Zn in green and brown algae from the studied zone (Rabta Bay).     

Heavy metal contents and magnetic susceptibility of soils along an urban–rural gradient in rapidly growing city of eastern China

The accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) and magnetic minerals in soils along an urban-rural gradient in the rapidly growing Hangzhou City, Eastern China, was measured. The analytical results indicated that heavy metal concentrations, magnetic susceptibility (chilf) and saturation isothermal remnant magnetization (SIRM) in soils decreased with increasing distance from the urban center. The significant relationships existed between heavy metal concentrations, chilf and SIRM and distance from the urban center. The soils in the urban areas were enriched with Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Elevated concentrations of heavy metals (especially Cd and Zn) in urban areas indicated the evidence for the accumulation of heavy metal contaminants from anthropogenic activities. Enhanced heavy metal concentrations and magnetic susceptibility were located in the uppermost soil horizons (0-10 cm), decreasing downwards to background values. The significant positive correlations between the Tomlinson Pollution Load Index (PLI) and magnetic susceptibility and SIRM were observed in polluted soil samples. Strong positive correlation indicated that magnetic screening/monitoring provided a fast and non-destructive tool, which can be effectively used as a proxy to detect environmental pollution in rapidly growing urbanization regions affected by anthropogenic activities.     

Status of heavy metals in agricultural soils as affected by different patterns of land use

This study was conducted to determine status of heavy metals in agricultural soils under different patterns of land use. A total of 38, 40 and 45 soil samples for bare vegetable field, greenhouse vegetable field, and grain crop field were respectively taken from surface layer (0–20 cm) from selected experimental areas away from suburbs of ten counties (or districts or cities) in four provinces or municipalities of Huabei plain in north China. Information of crop production history, including varieties, rotation systems and fertilizer use, at the corresponding sampling sites was surveyed. Soil total Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, As and Hg were measured. The results showed that the contents of total Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, and Hg in the soil samples, especially soil total Cu and Zn contents, were higher in the bare vegetable field and the greenhouse vegetable field than that in the grain crop field. Long-term use of excessive chemical fertilizers and organic manures in the bare vegetable field and the greenhouse vegetable field contributed to the accumulation of Cu, Zn, and other heavy metals in the soils. The contents of total Cu, Zn, and other heavy metals in soils increased with increasing vegetable production history of the research areas. In comparison with the grain crop field, the comprehensive pollution indices of the seven soil heavy metals and the single-factor pollution indices of soil Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Hg based on the second criterion of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils were significantly higher in the bare vegetable field and the greenhouse vegetable field. Soils from the greenhouse vegetable field were slightly contaminated according to the comprehensive pollution index, and soils from the bare vegetable field and the grain crop field were at the warning heavy metal pollution level. The soils were contaminated with Cd according to the single-factor pollution index. The Cd pollution was relatively more serious in the bare vegetable field and the greenhouse vegetable field than that in the grain crop field. The soils selected with different land use patterns were not contaminated with Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, As and Hg.     

Associations of cadmium, zinc, and lead in soils from a lead and zinc mining area as studied by single and sequential extractions

An exploratory study of the area surrounding a historical Pb?CZn mining and smelting area in Zawar, India, detected significant contamination of the terrestrial environment by heavy metals. Soils (n?=?87) were analyzed for pH, EC, total organic matter (TOM), Pb, Zn, Mn, and Cd levels. The statistical analysis indicated that the frequency distribution of the analyzed parameters for these soils was not normal. The median concentrations of metals in surface soils were: Pb 420.21 ?? g/g, Zn 870.25 ?? g/g, Mn 696.70 ?? g/g, and Cd 2.09 ?? g/g. Zn concentrations were significantly correlated with Cd (r?=?0.867), indicating that levels of Cd are dependent on Zn. However, pH, electrical conductivity and total organic matter were not correlated significantly with Cd, Pb, Zn, and Mn. To assess the potential mobility of Cd, Pb, and Zn in soils, single (EDTA) as well as sequential extraction scheme (modified BCR) were applied to representative (n?=?23) soil samples. The amount of Cd, Pb, and Zn extracted by EDTA and their total concentrations showed linear positive correlation, which are statistically significant (r values for Cd, Pb, and Zn being 0.901, 0.971, and 0.795, respectively, and P values being <0.001). The correlation coefficients indicate a strong relation between EDTA-extractable metal and total metal. These results appear to justify the use of ??total?? metal contents as a useful preliminary indicator of areas where the risks of metal excess or deficiency are high. The EDTA extractability was maximum for Cd followed by Pb and Zn in soils from all the locations. As indicated by single extraction, the apparent mobility and potential bioavailability of metals in soils followed the order: Cd ?? Pb >?> Zn. Soil samples were sequentially extracted (modified BCR) so that solid pools of Cd, Zn, and Pb could be partitioned into four operationally defined fractions viz. acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual. Cadmium was present appreciably (39.41%) in the acid-soluble fraction and zinc was predominantly associated (32.42%) with residual fraction. Pb (66.86%) and Zn (30.44%) were present mainly in the reducible fraction. Assuming that the mobility and bioavailability are related to solubility of geochemical forms of metals and decrease in the order of extraction, the apparent mobility and potential metal bioavailability for these contaminated soil samples is Cd > Zn > Pb.     

典型金属冶炼城市降尘中重金属污染特征及风险评价

2021年1-3月,采集湖南省某典型金属冶炼城市不同功能区的降尘样品,分析测定了17种重金属元素含量,其中15种重金属元素含量超出了湖南背景值,分别为Ag、Fe、Cd、Ti、Sb、Tl、Pb、As、Zn、Cu、Mo、Ni、Cr、Ba、Mn。采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法和健康风险评价模型对大气降尘中重金属可能造成的生态风险和健康风险进行评价。结果表明:受长期的有色金属冶炼影响,Ag、Cd、Fe、Sb、Ti、Tl 6种重金属达到了极重度污染,Pb、As、Zn、Cu、Mo在中度污染程度以上。工业区的综合生态危害指数远高于工业居民混合区、工业农业混合区、居民区和交通区,达到了极强生态危害级别。健康风险评价结果显示:大气降尘中As和Pb存在非致癌风险,As、Cd和Ni存在致癌风险,且经口摄入是最主要的暴露途径。与青少年和儿童相比,大气降尘中重金属对成人造成的风险较高,且成年女性面临的风险高于成年男性。