草木灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附研究

本实验目的是研究草木灰对吸附亚甲基蓝的去除效果,探讨了亚甲基蓝初始量、吸附时间、pH值等对吸附效果的影响,并运用伪一级、伪二级反应动力学模型和Laugmuir、Freundlich等温线模型进行拟合。结果表明,草木灰对亚甲基蓝溶液的吸附在5 min~30 min速率比较快,约在65 min内达到吸附平衡,pH越大越有利于吸附,浓度在5mg/L时草木灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附最佳。与伪二级动力学曲线模型拟合效果较好,由Laugmuir等温线模型计算得出理论最大吸附容量Qm为2.275 mg/g,吸附性能优异。     

间接电化学降解亚甲基蓝废水的可行性研究

研究以ClO^-／Cl^-作媒介，间接电化学降解亚甲基蓝模拟废水的可行性。结果表明，亚甲基蓝的电化学降解与电极材料、电流密度以及添加剂种类等因素有关。以石墨为阳极，不锈钢为阴极，在无隔膜的烧杯中放置50ml浓度为1000mg/L的亚甲基蓝模拟废水，在室温25℃，pH6．0－8．0，槽电压10V，电流密度30．0mA/cm^2，Cl^-加入量2g/L的条件下，电解60min后，亚甲基蓝溶液的平均消色率达到98．0％，CODcr降解率为97．0％，BOD5降解率为99．0％；用浸涂过MnO2薄膜的石墨棒作阳极可显著加快其消解速率，而用浸涂过CeO2薄膜的石墨棒作阳极对其消解速率无明显的影响。并初步讨论了其降解机理。     

凹凸棒土热改性及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附效果研究

本文以亚甲基蓝为例,选取了吸附性能较好、价格低廉的凹凸棒土进行热改性及吸附研究:探讨煅烧温度吸附时间、凹凸棒土投加量、亚甲基蓝初始浓度等因素与吸附率的关系,研究结果显示:400℃时热改性的凹凸棒土对亚甲基蓝吸附效果最好,吸附率可达99%以上,最后通过正交实验得出最佳吸附条件。研究结果将为后期印染废水的处理研究提供一定的理论依据与数据支持。     

负载型TiO2薄膜光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了玻璃负载的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,研究了该催化剂对亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解,考察了反应时间、水样的初始浓度、溶液的pH等对光催化降解效果的影响。     

自动酸化吹气预处理测定水中硫化物

采用DCS-S8型硫化物自动酸化吹气仪,以GB/T 16489—1996《水质硫化物的测定亚甲基蓝分光光度法》为依据,建立了水质硫化物自动酸化吹气预处理方法.通过对加酸量和时间间隔、加热温度、氮气流量和吹气时间等参数的优选实验,获得水质硫化物测定的最佳预处理条件,用亚甲基蓝分光光度法检测样品.实验结果表明,实际样品加标...     

腐蚀性气体硫化氢测定方法的探讨

腐蚀性气体硫化氢的测定方法最常见的是亚甲基蓝分光光度法和碘量法,这两种测定方法都受到众多因素的影响。对于亚甲基蓝分光光度法而言,采样,标准曲线的绘制,以及样品的分析等过程都会影响硫化氢测定结果的可靠性;同样,对于碘量法,采样,硫代硫酸钠标准溶液的配制,以及样品的分析等过程也都会对测定结果造成影响。     

一维银配位聚合物光催化降解亚甲基蓝

在搅拌回流条件下,合成了配位聚合物[Ag_4(L)_2(1,4-ndc)_2]_n(L=1,3-双(苯并咪唑-1-亚甲基)苯,1,4-H_2ndc=1,4-萘二羧酸)。对其进行X-射线单晶衍射分析、元素分析和红外光谱分析,配合物具有一维管状链结构。对合成的配合物进行降解亚甲基蓝实验,结果表明该配合物对10 mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解效率高达85.7%。     

纳米材料TiO_2/C可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝试验研究

采用钛酸四丁酯、正己酸为前驱体,以酚醛树脂为碳源,通过水热法合成了表面包覆超薄碳层的TiO_2材料(TiO_2/C),并以亚甲基蓝溶液为目标污染物,研究了合成过程中煅烧时间、煅烧温度、溶液p H值对TiO_2/C光催化活性的影响,优化了TiO_2/C纳米材料的最佳制备条件:煅烧时间为4 h,溶液p H值为10,煅烧温度为700℃。     

氮氧化物和硫化氢常规化学监测法的反应机理

文章研究了盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法测定NOx、亚甲基蓝法测定H2S两种常规化学监测方法的反应机理。盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法测定空气中的NOx经历了反应类型为歧化的吸收反应和重氮化反应、偶合反应三个步骤,歧化反应的产物是HNO2和HNO3;重氮化机理是质子化的亚硝酸和对氨基苯磺酸先生成氮硝基化合物,然后经重排、脱水生成重氮离子;偶合反应的实质是电子云密度较多的萘环和亲电性很强的芳香磺酸重氮离子发生亲电取代反应。硫化氢和对氨基二甲基苯胺作用生成亚甲基蓝的反应经历了亲电取代、脱氨、亲核加成等反应历程。     

蒸馏法测定土壤硫化物的方法探讨

土壤中硫化物可以与铅、镉、砷等亲硫元素生成难溶性的重金属硫化物,加重土壤的重金属污染。因此,土壤中硫化物的定期、有效监测,对分析、控制、预测土壤的重金属污染具有重要意义。亚甲基蓝分光光度法因具有适用范围广、检测设备常规、易引入较大人为误差的操作步骤较少等优点被广泛应用。文章利用有证标准物质,通过加标物质固定方式、加酸方式、蒸馏速度的对比实验,进行蒸馏法测定土壤硫化物的最优实验条件探讨。通过对比实验,确定了最优的实验条件：固定方式为加入适量乙酸锌乙酸钠溶液,用pH值为10～12的水定容,采用加酸分液漏斗加酸,蒸馏速度为3 mL/min。实际样品测试验证的加标回收率为90.6%～94.0%,且数据稳定。     

Removal of direct red 12B and methylene blue from water by adsorption onto Fe (III)/Cr (III) hydroxide, an industrial solid waste

Removal of direct red 12B and methylene blue by adsorption onto Fe (III)/Cr (III) hydroxide was studied using various parameters such as agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. Equilibrium adsorption data followed both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Adsorption followed second-order rate kinetics. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qo) was found to be 5.0 and 22.8 mg dye per g of the adsorbent for direct red 12B and methylene blue, respectively. Acidic pH was favorable for the adsorption of direct red 12B and basic pH for methylene blue. Desorption studies showed that chemisorption seems to be the major mode of adsorption.     

Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by jackfruit (Artocarpus heteropyllus) leaf powder: A fixed-bed column study

Continuous fixed-bed studies were undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of jackfruit leaf powder (JLP) as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution under the effect of various process parameters like bed depth (5–10 cm), flow rate (30–50 mL/min) and initial MB concentrations (100–300 mg/L). The pH at point of zero charge (pH_PZC) of the adsorbent was determined by the titration method and a value of 3.9 was obtained. A FTIR of the adsorbent was done before and after the adsorption to find the potential adsorption sites for interaction with methylene blue molecules. The results showed that the total adsorbed quantities and equilibrium uptake decreased with increasing flow rate and increased with increasing initial MB concentration. The longest breakthrough time and maximum MB adsorption were obtained at pH 10. The results showed that the column performed well at low flow rate. Also, breakthrough time and exhaustion time increased with increasing bed depth. The bed-depth service time (BDST) model and the Thomas model were applied to the adsorption of MB at different bed depths, flow rates, influent concentrations and pH to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column that are useful for process design. The two model predictions were in very good agreement with the experimental results at all the process parameters studied indicating that they were very suitable for JLP column design.     

Thermochemical esterifying citric acid onto lignocellulose for enhancing methylene blue sorption capacity of rice straw

In this paper, rice straw was esterified thermochemically with citric acid (CA) to produce potentially biodegradable cationic sorbent. The modified rice straw (MRS) and crude rice straw (CRS) were evaluated for their methylene blue (MB) removal capacity from aqueous solution. The effects of various experimental parameters (e.g., initial pH, sorbent dose, dye concentration, ion strength, and contact time) were examined. The ratio of MB sorbed on CRS increased as the initial pH was increased from pH 2 to 10. For MRS, the MB removal ratio came up to the maximum value beyond pH 3. The 1.5g/l or up of MRS could almost completely remove the dye from 250mg/l of MB solution. The ratio of MB sorbed kept above 98% over a range from 50 to 450mg/l of MB concentration when 2.0g/l of MRS was used. Increase in ion strength of solution induced decline of MB sorption. The isothermal data fitted the Langmuir model. The sorption processes followed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The intraparticle diffusion rate constant (k(id)) was greatly increased due to modification.     

A two stage batch adsorber design for methylene blue removal to minimize contact time

The adsorption of methylene blue onto bentonite in a batch adsorber has been studied. Three kinetic models, the intraparticle diffusion equation and the pseudo first and second order equations, were selected to follow the adsorption process. Kinetic parameters, rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities and related correlation coefficients for each kinetic model were calculated and discussed. It was shown that the adsorption of methylene blue onto bentonite could be described by the pseudo second order equation. Adsorption of methylene blue onto bentonite followed the Langmuir isotherm. A model has been developed for the design of a two stage batch adsorber based on pseudo second order adsorption kinetics. The model has been optimized with respect to operating time in order to minimize total contact time to achieve a specified amount of methylene blue removal using a fixed mass of adsorbent. The results of two stage batch adsorber design studies showed that the required times for specified amounts of methylene blue removal significantly decreased. This design is particularly suitable for low-cost adsorbents/adsorption systems when minimising contact time is a major operational and design criterion and a significant volume of effluent needs to be treated in the minimum amount of time.     

辉县市城区环境空气质量现状及污染防治对策

对辉县市城区2006—2011年间环境空气质量监测数据进行了评价,并对城区污染物浓度时空变化进行了分析。结果表明,辉县市城区大气污染主要表现为可吸入颗粒物污染严重,主要是能源结构不合理、锅炉废气污染严重、城区道路保洁方式落后等原因造成的,由此提出了合理规划城市布局、减少结构性污染等对策。     

阳离子艳红染料的光催化降解

本文研究了以沉淀法制备的TiO2为催化剂，紫外杀菌灯为光源，对阳离子艳红染料进行光催化降解的可行性，结果表明，在实验条件下，本系统对阳离子艳红染料有明显的降解效果，浓度为10mg/L的阳离子艳红染料经过30min的处理，其降解率＞88％，此外，还探讨了溶液初始pH值，催化剂的投加量，光照距离和液层高度等因素对光降解反应的影响。