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小球藻对水中有机酸类稀土配合物的富集 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
通过MINTEQA2程序研究了稀土有机酸类配合物在小球藻中的生物富集作用,结果表明:富集作用可用表面配合模型(SurfaceCoordinationModel)来解释,对同一稀土而言,其富集能力的大小与其有机酸1:1配合物的稳定常数呈负相关,稀土一EDTA,NTA〉Citrate,Tartrate的配合物在小球藻中的富集能力小于相应的稀土离子,而稀土而与Acetate的配合物要大于相应的稀土离子。 相似文献
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稀土肥料在农业可持续发展中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
徐星凯 《资源生态环境网络研究动态》1997,8(3):23-26
阐述了农作物施用稀土肥料的效果和作用机理,提出了农业生产中合理使用稀土肥料应注意的问题,强调指出,只有在加强农田施肥和栽培管理的基础上配以高产栽培技术,按照不同农作物的生长规律和丰产规律适时适量地施用稀土肥料,才能有效地发挥稀土肥料的作用,达到以提高作物产量、改善作物品质、增强作物抗逆能力的效果。 相似文献
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赣南典型稀土矿区周边土壤和动植物产品中稀土元素组成特征及其健康风险评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过野外取样调查和室内ICP-MS测定,研究了赣南典型稀土矿区周边土壤、动植物产品中稀土元素的组成特征,并评价了稀土元素对人体的健康风险.结果表明,赣南稀土矿区周边土壤稀土平均含量为402.74±200.03 mg·kg~(-1),分别是全国土壤稀土含量均值及世界土壤稀土中值的2.28倍和2.08倍;植物产品稀土平均含量为343.48μg·kg~(-1);动物产品稀土平均含量为460.00μg·kg~(-1);土壤、植物产品和动物产品中Ce含量最高,占总稀土比重分别为34.22%、35.31%和62.95%;其中轻稀土元素所占比重分别为75.29%、75.17%和75.82%.当地居民每日通过动植物产品摄入稀土元素日量为3.95—30.49μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),均值为10.36μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),均远低于稀土元素对人体亚临床损害剂量的临界值(110μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),表明赣南矿区周边动植物产品中稀土元素不会对消费者产生健康风险. 相似文献
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水生维管束植物在水污染中的应用 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
随着水污染的加剧,高效低耗的水污染处理技术逐渐受到人们的重视,水生维管束植物以其特有的组织和生态功能及易于人工操纵等原因而在净化水体污染、防治富营养化方面发挥了重要的作用。文章对水生维管束植物在水质净化中的作用、影响因素、水生植物的综合利用及其在水污染监测中的作用等方面进行了系统分析,提出多种植物组合比单种植物能更好地实现对水体的净化,通过温度、水深的调控措施可以加强水生维管束植物对水质的净化效果,温度、水深、水质状况以及水生植物的经济价值等是水生植物选择的重要因素。指出了当前水生维管束植物研究中存在的一些问题,认为在人为操纵下,对于水生植物的长效管理是其在水污染应用中的一个重要内容。 相似文献
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红壤中稀土元素的有效性及其环境意义 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究了不同母质来源的红壤剖面层中稀土元素结构形态的变化以及可溶稀土元素含量的变化,结果表明,红壤中稀土元素的有效性较其他类型土壤为高,稀土 的有效性主要与土壤中粘土矿物及有 机质等组分对稀土的吸附有关。 相似文献
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稀土元素在水体食物链生物中迁移的摸拟研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文用动态和静态摸拟系统分别研究了稀土元素在小球藻-大型溞-鲤鱼食物链生物上的迁移。结果表明:水生生物对稀土的生物积累作用有从水体直接摄取和从食物间接摄取两种方式,但稀土元素在该食物链上无生物放大作用,生物体中积累的稀土量和水环境中残余的稀土浓度从轻稀土向重稀土递减,稀土元素在水环境中迁移的最重要形式可能是物理-化学迁移。 相似文献
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稀土的生物效应与农用稀土的累积影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
陈祖义 《生态与农村环境学报》1999,(3)
综述稀土元素的环境行为、累积影响、生物富集和生物效应,从动植物对稀土元素的生物富集及其产生的负面效应,探讨了农业应用稀土在土壤中累积后对生态环境可能产生的影响 相似文献
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稀土的生物效应与农用稀土的累积影响 总被引:19,自引:3,他引:16
综述稀土元素的环境行为,累积影响,生物富集和生物效应,从动植物对稀土元素的生物富集及其产生的负面效应,探讨了农业应用稀土在土壤中累积后对生态环境可能产生的影响。 相似文献
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模拟酸雨对土柱中稀土元素迁移的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
模拟研究酸雨对土柱中稀土元素迁移的影响.结果表明,在雨水、酸雨淋溶下,对照组红壤土柱中所含稀土元素有向下迁移的趋势,并且随淋溶液pH值的降低,稀土元素向下迁移的能力增加.外源稀土迁移量的大小顺序为;Ce>La>Nd>Pr,其顺序与各稀土元素在稀土微肥中含量大小的顺序相同.表明外源稀土的迁移性与外源稀土的总量密切相关.外源稀土在土柱中的含量随着红壤深度的增加而减少,稀土元素主要在土柱中第一、二层持留;随着淋溶液酸度的下降,稀土元素向下迁移的能力增加. 相似文献
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Jiang He Chang-Wei Lü Hong-Xi Xue Ying Liang Saruli Bai Ying Sun Li-Li Shen Na Mi Qing-Yun Fan 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2010,32(1):45-58
This paper analyses the contents and species distributions of rare earth elements (REEs) in the water-suspended particulate-sediment
system of the Baotou section of the Yellow River, China, with known anthropogenic REE input from industrial discharges. The
major forms of REEs were suspended and dissolved in the mainstream and the tributaries of the Baotou section, respectively.
The concentrations of the dissolved and suspended REEs had the same trends in the overlying water along the mainstream, which
increased from the Seqi section (site A) to the mouth of the Sidaosha River (site D), reaching a maximum value at site D,
and tending to decrease thereafter. The contents of REEs in sediment cores showed enrichment with light rare earth elements
(LREEs). The bound to carbonates and to Fe–Mn oxides are the major forms of REE in the secondary phase and the REE exhibited
LREE enrichment pattern and moderate Eu depletion in suspended particulates and surface sediments. The contents and species
distributions of REEs in the water-suspended particulate-sediment system of the Baotou section suggest that the anthropogenic
source of REEs from Baotou city have enhanced REE accumulation to the Baotou section. This information is important for predicting
possible pollution resulting from anthropogenic REE input into rivers. 相似文献
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微波消解—电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物中痕量稀土元素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定植物中痕量稀土元素(REEs)的方法。详细讨论了测定稀土元素的质谱干扰及基体的抑制效应,采用代数法可有效地校正质谱干扰,内标法可以补偿基体的抑制效应。根据植物标准参考物质(GSV-2,GSV-4)的分析结果评价方法的准确性。在微波条件下,HF/HClO4/HNO3混合体系能快速而有效地分解植物样品,直接稀释后用ICP-MS测定其中的稀土元素。 相似文献
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Qing Xia Rui Liang Yuxiang Mao Yuning Hong Lili Ding Hongqiang Ren Mingyu Zhao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2009,3(3):369-374
Batch experiments were conducted to study the short-term biological effects of rare earth ions (La3+, Ce3+) and their mixture on the nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The data showed that higher NH4 +-N removal rate, total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency, and denitrification efficiency were achieved at lower concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs) (<1 mg/L). In the first hour of the aeration stage of SBR, the presence of REEs increased the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency and NH4 +-N removal efficiency by 15.7% and 10%–15%, respectively. When the concentrations of REEs were higher than 1 mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency decreased, and nitrate was found to accumulate in the effluent. When the concentrations of REEs was up to 50.0 mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency was less than 30% of the control efficiency with a high level of nitrate. Lower concentrations of REEs were found to accelerate the nitrogen conversion and removal in SBR. 相似文献
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Qing XIA Rui LIANG Yuning HONG Lili DING Hongqiang REN Yuxiang MAO Mingyu ZHAO 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2009,3(3):369
Batch experiments were conducted to study the short-term biological effects of rare earth ions (La3+, Ce3+) and their mixture on the nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The data showed that higher NH+4―N removal rate, total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency, and denitrification efficiency were achieved at lower concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs) (<1mg/L). In the first hour of the aeration stage of SBR, the presence of REEs increased the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency and NH+4―N removal efficiency by 15.7% and 10%―15%, respectively. When the concentrations of REEs were higher than 1mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency decreased, and nitrate was found to accumulate in the effluent. When the concentrations of REEs was up to 50.0mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency was less than 30% of the control efficiency with a high level of nitrate. Lower concentrations of REEs were found to accelerate the nitrogen conversion and removal in SBR. 相似文献