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钱塘江是浙江省最大的河流和主要的水源地之一,流域内行政区域主要包括杭州市、衢州市、金华市、诸暨市(县级)和遂昌县,在浙江省可持续发展中居于重要的战略地位.系统分析了钱塘江流域生态环境现状、生态环境敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性,结合区域经济社会发展特点,将钱塘江流域划分为20个生态功能区,指出了各功能区的保护措施和发展方向.同时,在流域生态功能区划的基础上,进一步划定了重要生态功能保护区,为明确钱塘江流域生态保护重点,统筹区域生产力布局和重大基础设施建设等提供了依据. 相似文献
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浙江省环境保护局污染控制处《总量办》 《环境污染与防治》2009,31(4)
浙江省环境保护局局长徐震3月18~20日就继续深入推进减排工作、加强各地环境保护工作,分别约谈了浙江省金华、衢州和绍兴3市政府主要负责人.徐震强调,主要污染物减排约束性指标是不可逾越的红线,各地无论困难多大都必须完成,没有退路. 相似文献
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提高环评报告书质量加快浙江省环境影响评价有效性建设 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
影响环境影响评价(EIA)有效性的因素较多.如相应的政策法规、管理机制和技术的正确性等。文章从环评技术角度出发,以抽样选取的浙江省1997~2001年间完成的100本环评报告书(EIS)为统计对象.按建设项目环保审批6项原则为依据,从产业政策符合性、选址与总图布局合理性、清洁生产、达标排放、总量控制、区域环境质量可达性等方面进行分析.评估了浙江省EIA有效性,探讨了目前EIA中存在的问题及原冈,提出了一些提高EIS质量、加快浙江省EIA有效性建设的建议 相似文献
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编制“三线一单”(生态保护红线、环境质量底线、资源利用上线和生态环境准入清单)是深入打好污染防治攻坚战的基础。以儋州市为研究对象,衔接“美丽海湾”建设需求,从“三水”(水环境、水生态、水资源)协同角度提出解决儋州市重点海湾环新英湾地区突出生态环境问题的生态分区管控方案,重点讨论了基于陆海统筹原则的环新英湾地区“三线一单”编制重点和特色,提出了针对性的生态环境保护的对策建议,探索了一套符合沿海地区特色的生态环境要素分区管控方案编制方法,为其他沿海城市“三线一单”划定提供借鉴。 相似文献
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随着经济社会的快速发展、资源及原材料需求量的不断增加,可用于再生利用的废物进口量近年来大幅度增长,浙江省作为进出口条件相对便利的沿海省份,上述废弃物资的加工利用已逐步形成相当规模的产业市场,但随之带来的环境污染和各类"洋垃圾"事件也成为社会各界和媒体追逐的热点问题.详述了目前浙江省限制类进口废物环境管理的现状情况,根据存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策建议,为浙江省进口废物环境监管提供指导依据,同时也对全国进口废物管理政策的制定提供技术支撑. 相似文献
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Soudamini Mohapatra 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):513-520
The persistence and dissipation kinetics of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole on onion were studied after application of their combination formulation at a standard and double dose of 75 + 150 and 150 + 300 g a.i. ha?1. The fungicides were extracted with acetone, cleaned-up using activated charcoal (trifloxystrobin) and neutral alumina (tebuconazole). Analysis was carried out by gas chromatograph (GC) and confirmed by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The recovery was above 80% and limit of quantification (LOQ) 0.05 mg kg?1 for both fungicides. Initial residue deposits of trifloxystrobin were 0.68 and 1.01 mg kg?1 and tebuconazole 0.673 and 1.95 mg kg?1 from standard and double dose treatments, respectively. Dissipation of the fungicides followed first-order kinetics and the half life of degradation was 6–6.6 days. Matured onion bulb (and field soil) harvested after 30 days was free from fungicide residues. These findings suggest recommended safe pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 14 and 25 days for spring onion consumption after treatment of Nativo 75 WG at the standard and double doses, respectively. Matured onion bulbs at harvest were free from fungicide residues. 相似文献
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STEFANO POLATI FABIO GOSETTI VALENTINA GIANOTTI MARIA CARLA GENNARO 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):765-779
The bioavailability of pollutants, pesticides and/or their degradation products in soil depends on the strength of their sorption by the different soil components, particularly by the clay minerals. This study reports the sorption-desorption behavior of the environmentally hazardous industrial pollutants and certain pesticides degradation products, 3-chloroaniline, 3,4-dichloroaniline, 2,4,6-trichloroaniline, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol on the reference clays kaolinite KGa-1 and Na-montmorillonite SWy-l. In batch studies, 2.0 g of clay were equilibrated with 100.0 mL solutions of each chemical at concentrations ranging from 10.0 to 200.0 mg/L. The uptake of the compounds was deduced from the results of HPLC-UV-Vis analysis. The lipophilic species were best retained by both clay materials. The most lipophilic chemical used in the study, 2,4,6-trichloroaniline, was also the most strongly retained, with sorption of up to 8 mg/g. In desorption experiments, which also relied on HPLC-UV-Vis technique, 2,4,6-trichloroaniline was the least desorbed from montmorillonite. However, on kaolinite all of the compounds under study were irreversibly retained. The experimental data have been modelled according to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. A hypothesis is proposed concerning the sorption mechanism and potential applications of the findings in remediation strategies have been suggested. 相似文献
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The stereoselectivity of R,S-venlafaxine and its metabolites R,S-O-desmethylvenlafaxine, N-desmethylvenlafaxine, O,N-didesmethylvenlafaxine, N,N-didesmethylvenlafaxine and tridesmethylvenlafaxine was studied in three processes: (i) anaerobic and aerobic laboratory scale tests; (ii) six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) operating under different conditions; and (iii) a variety of wastewater treatments including conventional activated sludge, natural attenuation along a receiving river stream and storage in operational and seasonal reservoirs. In the laboratory and field studies, the degradation of the venlafaxine yielded O-desmethylvenalfaxine as the dominant metabolite under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Venlafaxine was almost exclusively converted to O-desmethylvenlafaxine under anaerobic conditions, but only a fraction of the drug was transformed to O-desmethylvenlafaxine under aerobic conditions. Degradation of venlafaxine involved only small stereoisomeric selectivity. In contrast, the degradation of O-desmethylvenlafaxine yielded remarkable S to R enrichment under aerobic conditions but none under anaerobic conditions. Determination of venlafaxine and its metabolites in the WWTPs agreed well with the stereoselectivity observed in the laboratory studies. Our results suggest that the levels of the drug and its metabolites and the stereoisomeric enrichment of the metabolite and its parent drug can be used for source tracking and for discrimination between domestic and nondomestic wastewater pollution. This was indeed demonstrated in the investigations carried out at the Jerusalem WWTP. 相似文献
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Chemical synthesis and physical properties of two mercapturic acids suggested as urinary metabolites of m- and p-xylenes ace described. These compounds may be used for the identification and quantivative determination by high-performance liquid chromatography of the corresponding mercapturic acids in urine. 相似文献
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The chlorination and condensation of acetylene at low temperatures is demonstrated using copper chlorides as chlorinated agents coated to model borosilicate surfaces. Experiments with and without both a chlorine source and borosilicate surfaces indicate the absence of gas-phase and gas-surface reactions. Chlorination and condensation occur only in the presence of the copper catalyst. C2 through C8 organic products were observed in the effluent; PCDD/F were only observed from extraction of the borosilicate surfaces. A global reaction model is proposed that is consistent with the observed product distributions. Similar experiments with dichloroacetylene indicate greater reactivity in the absence of the copper catalyst. Reaction is observed in the gas-phase and in the presence of borosilicate surfaces at low temperatures. The formation of hexachlorobenzene is only observed in the presence of a copper catalyst. PCDD/F were only observed from extraction of the borosilicate surfaces. A global reaction model is proposed for the formation of hexachlorobenzene from dichloroacetylene. 相似文献
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N. D. Camper Kathleen Stralka H. D. Skipper 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):457-473
Abstract The degradation of profluralin [N‐(cyclopropylmethyl)‐α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2,6‐dinitro‐N‐propyl‐]p‐toluidine] and trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2,6‐dinitro‐N,N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine) was studied under aerobic and anaerobic soil conditions. Three soils (Goldsboro loamy sand, Cecil loamy sand, Drummer clay loam) were each treated with 1 ppmw herbicide; anaerobic conditions were maintained by flooding. Soil samples were extracted monthly and subjected to TLC analysis. No degradation was detected in sterile controls. Aerobic degradation of both herbicides was greatest in the Cecil loamy sand soil over the entire incubation period. Degradation of profluralin in Cecil soil under aerobic conditions was 86 percent after 4 months with three products detected; 83 percent of the trifluralin was degraded with two products detected. Anaerobic degradation accounted for 72 percent of the profluralin and 78 percent of the trifluralin after 4 months. Degradation of both herbicides increased with incubation time for the first 3 months and decreased slightly thereafter. Generally there was more extensive degradation (percent and in number of products formed) of profluralin than trifluralin under the conditions tested. More degradation products were detected for both herbicides under aerobic conditions than under anaerobic conditions. 相似文献
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Levels of PCDDs and PCDFs in products and effluent from the Swedish pulp and paper industry and chloralkali process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Within the Swedish Dioxin Survey various samples from the pulp and paper industry and the chloralkali process have been analyzed by congener specific analytical methods. In addition to the generally discussed “bleaching pattern” of the tetrachlorinated congeners, these samples also contained higher chlorinated congeners like hexa-CDDs, hepta-CDFs, octa-CDD and octa-CDF. Consequently it is recommended that samples from the pulp industry should be analyzed for all PCDDs and PCDFs (tetra- through octa-). Counted as Nordic Toxic Equivalents (NTEQ), the recycled pulp samples had the highest contamination level followed by TMP, unbleached sulfite and bleached softwood and hardwood. In addition to the bleaching process, various chemicals used in the pulping, bleaching and wastewater treatment can contribute to the contamination. 相似文献
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Uptake and translocation of metformin, ciprofloxacin and narasin in forage- and crop plants 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Transfer of bioactive organic compounds from soil to plants might represent animal and human health risks. Sewage sludge and manure are potential sources for bioactive compounds such as human- and veterinary drugs. In the present study, uptake of the anti-diabetic compound, metformin, the antibiotic agent ciprofloxacin and the anti-coccidial narasin in carrot (Daucuscarota ssp. sativus cvs. Napoli) and barley (Hordeumvulgare) were investigated. The pharmaceuticals were selected in order to cover various chemical properties, in addition to their presence in relevant environmental matrixes. The root concentration factors (RCF) found in the present study were higher than the corresponding leaf concentration factors (LCF) for the three test pharmaceuticals. The uptake of metformin was higher compared with ciprofloxacin and narasin for all plant compartments analyzed. Metformin was studied more explicitly with regard to uptake and translocation in meadow fescue (Festucapratense), three other carrot cultivars (D.carota ssp. sativus cvs. Amager, Rothild and Nutri Red), wheat cereal (Triticumaestivum) and turnip rape seed (Brassicacampestris). Uptake of metformin in meadow fescue was comparable with uptake in the four carrot cultivars (RCF 2-10, LCF approximately 1.5), uptake in wheat cereals were comparable with barley cereals (seed concentration factors, SCF, 0.02-0.04) while the accumulation in turnip rape seeds was as high as 1.5. All three pharmaceuticals produced negative effects on growth and development of carrots when grown in soil concentration of 6-10 mg kg−1 dry weight. 相似文献
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The sorption and desorption of Cu and Cd by two species of brown macroalgae and five species of microalgae were studied. The two brown macroalgae, Laminaria japonica and Sargassum kjellmanianum, were found to have high capacities at pHs between 4.0 and 5.0 while for microalgae, optimum pH lay at 6.7. The presence of other cations in solution was found to reduce the sorption of the target cation, suggesting a competition for sorption sites on organisms. Sorption isotherms obeyed the Freundlich equation, suggesting involvement of a multiplicity of mechanisms and sorption sites. For the microalgae tested, Spirulina platensis had the highest capacity for Cd, followed by Nannochloropsis oculata, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Platymonas cordifolia and Chaetoceros minutissimus. The reversibility of metal sorption by macroalgae was examined and the results show that both HCl and EDTA solutions were very effective in desorbing sorbed metal ions from macroalgae, with up to 99.5% of metals being recovered. The regenerated biomass showed undiminished sorption performance for the two metals studied, suggesting the potential of such material for use in water and wastewater treatment. 相似文献