Attributes of a hopper-predator community in a rice field

A hopper-predator community in an experimental rice field was observed weekly with regard to information content (H′), formation of a geometric series or the grade of orderly distribution of component taxa (R²), and clumping index (I). These community attributes changed with time in close association with one another, and attained the highest values around the heading time of the rice. Significant correlations were found between the density of prey and that of predators when a certain time-lag was assumed for the increase of predators.     

废纸造纸循环废水高效好氧菌的筛选和研究

利用平板分离方法,从废纸造纸封闭循环废水处理的生物接触氧化池中筛选出优势的高效菌株,采用形态学观察和生理生化试验发现主要由动胶菌属(Zoogloea sp.)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomona sp.)组成。用吸光光度法,确定其最佳生长时间。通过平行对比实验,在不同时间取样测定COD值,比较得出高效菌对废纸造纸循环废水的处理能力远高于普通菌。     

离心状态下吊篮系统有限元模拟

目的研究吊篮在离心载荷下的力学行为,尤其是强度和刚度性能。方法通过精细化模拟吊篮系统各部件间的接触关系,在对某离心机吊篮初始设计方案进行模拟分析的基础上,开展吊篮的强度性能研究,对吊篮结构的整体布局、主要部件强度考核和降低局部应力集中等多方面开展计算分析。结果在指定工况下吊耳与配重板之间的局部接触导致的应力集中,致使安全系数达不到强度要求。结论提出改进措施,改进设计后的吊篮结构强度得到了较大的提高,满足吊篮设计的强度要求。     

氯离子试纸的研制和应用

根据化学分析原理,经试验选择一定量的显色剂、酸度调节剂、稳定剂等,以层析纸为载体制成氯离子试纸,并对试纸的性能进行了试验,确定其使用方法和储存条件.通过对实际水样的测定,试纸法与国标法比较,结果基本符合,误差在半定量分析允许范围内.     

Methane emission in a rice field of Thailand

ＭｅｔｈａｎｅｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｉｎａｒｉｃｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆＴｈａｉｌａｎｄ￥ＲｏｎｇＸｉａｎｇ；Ｃｈｕｅｎ－ＨｏｗＮｇ（ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＰｒｏｇｒａｍ，ＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ，ＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓａｎｄＤ...     

废纸制浆造纸废水治理的工程实例

本文以江苏某瓦楞纸厂为例,通过技改前后不同的废水处理工艺的比较,分析再生纸废水的处理方法.     

板纸造纸废水推广“零排放”初探

板纸造纸废水“零排放”技术是在水资源大量消耗、环境污染日益严重的情况下出现的,这一技术体现了清洁生产的思想。文章中就国际和国内的造纸废水零排放情况做了简单介绍,在目前的情况下,已经有成功地实现了造纸废水零排放的先例,明确了能够实现“零排放”的条件。结合淄博市相关造纸企业的“零排放”技术实施情况,对这一技术实施推广中发现的问题及可采取的措施做了初步探讨,以使这一清洁生产技术得到更好地推广。总之,推广这一技术,已势在必行。     

Application of organic polymeric flocculants in centrifugal dewa—tering of oil refinery sludge

In order to evaluate the applicability of the organic polymeric floeculants(OPF) in the treatment of oil refinery sludge, experiments were conducted to show that OPF have better performance of flocculafion than inorganic flocculants. Both the anionic and cationic OPF have satisfactory floeculation efficiency in oil sludge treatment, but the latter are more cost-efficient. Among the over 20 types of floecolants tested,20PF(CPAM-2 and HPAM-2) were selected as the treatment agents, based on their good treatment performances, oil-resistance and economic feasibility. It was demonstrated in the industrial-scale centrifugal dewatering experiments that the application of either CPAM-2 or HPAM-2 could achieve high treatment efficiency of the oil sludge dewatefing and reduce the COD of centrifugal liquid to less than 1000 mg/L.     

Application of organic polymeric fiocculants in centrifugal dewatering of oil refinery sludge

In order to evaluate the applicability of the organic polymeric floeculants(OPF) in the treatment of oil refinery sludge, experimentswere conducted to show that OPF have better performance of flocculation than inorganic flocculants. Both the anionic and cationic OPF havesatisfactory flocculation efficiency in oil sludge treatment, but the latter are more cost-efficient. Among the over 20 types of flocculants tested,2OPF(CPAM-2 and HPAM-2) were selected as the treatment agents, based on their good treatment performances, oil-resistance and economicfeasibility. It was demonstrated in the industrial-scale centrifugal dewatering experiments that the application of either CPAM-2 or HPAM-2could achieve high treatment efficiency of the oil sludge dewatering and reduce the COD of centrifugal liquid to less than 1000 mg/L.     

清洁生产在造纸企业中的应用

介绍了清洁生产在造纸企业中实现的机会和有关技术，并给出了应用实例。     

交通道路旁茶园多环芳烃的污染特征

采样分析了某交通道路旁茶园多介质环境中多环芳烃(PAHs)的浓度水平,探讨汽车尾气对茶鲜叶中PAHs 的影响.结果表明,茶园空气、土壤和茶组织中16 种PAHs 的总浓度(∑PAHs)分别为1780.0~4710.0ng/m3、n.d.(未检出)~35.9.0µg/kg 和100.00~885.00µg/kg,均随交通道路距离增加而降低,说明汽车尾气对茶园环境造成了PAHs 污染.但离交通道路50m 和250m 处的茶组织中的∑PAHs 差异不明显,说明汽车尾气对茶树的PAHs 污染主要局限在路旁50m 范围内.茶组织中∑PAHs 的大小顺序为老叶>须根>嫩叶>生产枝>主根,地上部分大于地下部分.嫩叶中PAHs 以3 环为主,占∑PAHs 的80.6%.老叶中4 环比例高于3 环,且5~6 环的比例显著高于嫩叶.在茶树生长过程中,茶鲜叶会逐渐积累环境中毒性更强的高环PAHs.     

Social Hackers: Integration in the Host Chemical Recognition System by a Paper Wasp Social Parasite

 Obligate social parasites in the social insects have lost the worker caste and the ability to establish nests. As a result, parasites must usurp a host nest, overcome the host recognition system, and depend on the host workers to rear their offspring. We analysed cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of live parasite females of the paper wasp social parasite Polistes sulcifer before and after usurpation of host nests, using the non-destructive technique of solid-phase micro-extraction. Our results reveal that hydrocarbon profiles of parasites change after usurpation of host nests to match the cuticular profile of the host species. Chemical evidence further shows that the parasite queen changes the odour of the nest by the addition of a parasite-specific hydrocarbon. We discuss the possible role of this in the recognition and acceptance of the parasite and its offspring in the host colony. Received: 18 November 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 22 December 1999     

双灯纸业--在循环经济中探索前行

在古印度,有这样一句格言:"空气,水和土地不是父辈给我们的礼物,而是我们向子孙的借款."但从中国目前的现状来看,不少人都把这笔"借款"当成了"礼物",为了追求暂时的GDP增长,土地资源在"大开发"中大量流失,空气和水在工业化的进程中严重污染.