Refining mercury emission estimations to the atmosphere from iron and steel production

正Due to its long-range transport in the atmosphere,mercury is a pollutant of global concern with health risks to humans and ecosystems worldwide(Li et al.,2012;Lindqvist et al.,1991;Liu et al.,2012a;Tang et al.,2016;Wang et al.,2015;Shao et al.,2016).Atmospheric mercury,mainly from emission from various natural and anthropogenic sources and     

Historical record of effects of human activities on absolute and relative concentrations of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Lake Chao, China

正Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are attracting concern because of their potential toxicity,posing serious threats to health of humans and ecosystems(Kim et al.,2013;Zhao et al.,2016).Generally,similar to other contaminants'behaviors(Wu et al.,2001;Zhang et al.,2007,2008;Lu et al.,2009),PAHs result from natural organic matter and activities of humans,the latter's contribution usually outweighing the inputs from other sources(Fernández et al.,2000;Srogi,2007).     

Reply to comments on "Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite" by Yuhshan Ho

There were several first-order kinetic equations used and cited by previous publications （Do,an et al., 2007; Eftekhari et al., 2010; Lagergren, 1898; Kannan and Sundaram, 2001;Ozcan et al., 2006）：     

Editorial: Effect of root anatomy and apoplastic barrier development on cadmium uptake in rice

<正>Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal with high mobility from soil and known translocation into plants (Song et al., 2015).Because the main source of human exposure to Cd is from food consumption, there has been increased research examining Cd uptake in agricultural plants (Li et al., 2014; Rizwan et al., 2016; Song et al., 2015). Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been identified as a major crop that contains relatively high     

自然土壤中苯酚降解菌的分离和系统发育分析

采用富集培养的方法,从未受苯酚污染的自然土壤中分离得到5株能以苯酚为唯一碳源生长的细菌.根据生理生化特性和系统发育分析对它们进行了初步鉴定,菌株PHD-2为Ralstonia sp.,菌株 PHD-4为Acinetobacter sp.,菌株PHD-5 为Microbacterium sp.,菌株PHD-1和PHD-3均为Pseudomonas sp.,16S rRNA基因序列的同源性比较和系统发育分析表明自然土壤中的苯酚降解菌具有丰富的多样性.     

Removal of nanoparticles by coagulation

<正>Nanoparticles(NPs)from anthropogenic sources have applications in several commercial products,including cosmetics,pharmaceuticals,and materials.There is evidence that during their usage and disposal,engineered nanoparticles can and will be released into wastewater(Gottschalk et al.,2013;Pasricha et al.,2012;Westerhoff et al.,2013;Zheng et al.,2015).If water and wastewater treatment plants are inefficient or incapable of removing NPs from water,NPs will be released with the treated effluent,entering drinking water sources and natural aquatic environments,increasing exposure for plants,microorganisms,     

Investigation of drinking water bacterial community through high-throughput sequencing

<正>Delivery of safe and pathogen-free drinking water is crucial to public health.However,there exist challenges to the maintenance of the sterility of drinking water throughout the drinking water distribution systems(DWDS).Microbial growth in DWDS,such as growth of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms,can lead to severe health problems in consumers(Berry et al.,2006;Brettar and Hofle,2006;Lu et al.,2014;Zhang et al.,2015).     

Genotoxic effects of microcystins mediated by nitric oxide and mitochondria

<正>Microcystins are potent toxins,produced naturally by cyanobacteria(blue green algae),and they present significant threats to human and animal health(WHO,1999;Chorus,2001;Carmichael et al.,2001;Falconer,2005;IARC,2010;Ma et al.,2015).These cyclic peptides consist of five common core amino     

红原泥炭腐殖化度记录的全新世气候变化

腐殖化度作为气候代用指标首次用于我国泥炭的古气候研究 ,较好的记录了红原地区全新世的气候变化。对红原泥炭14 C测年和腐殖化度分析 ,获得了距今 12 0 0 0年较高分辨率红原地区气候变化记录 :11.815～ 10 .9kaB .P .,气候干冷 ;10 .9～ 5 .6kaB .P .,气候湿暖 ;5 .6～ 3.9kaB .P .,气候干冷 ;3.9～ 1.7kaB .P .,气候干冷、湿暖波动 ;1.7～ 0kaB .P .,气候干冷。总体而言 ,大约 5 .6kaB .P .是红原地区由早中全新世的湿暖气候向晚全新世干冷气候变化的转折点。同时 ,红原泥炭记录的降温事件在北半球具有普遍性 ,反映了青藏高原对全球气候变化的响应。     

Surface-exchange of NOx and NH3 above a winter wheat field in the Yangtze Delta, China

Introduction N itrogen oxides (N O x=N O N O 2) in the troposphere are m ainly derived from fuel com bustion, soil-biogenic em issions, biom ass burning, and lightning (Finlayson-Pitts et al., 1986; H am eed and D ignon, 1988; Levy et al., 1989; Logan, 1…     

Cyanobacterial bloom dynamics in Lake Taihu

<正>Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China and serves as an important drinking water source for the local populace;however,decades of excessive nutrient loading fueled by anthropogenic activities have resulted in hypertrophic conditions,promoting the annual formation of nuisance phytoplankton blooms(Chen et al.,2003;Duan et al.,2009)     

Consumption of rice and fish in an electronic waste recycling area contributes significantly to total daily intake of mercury

<正>Mercury is a global pollutant due to its widespread use,emission,and long-range transport(Blum,2013;Pacyna et al.,2010).It is considered a priority pollutant due to its neurological toxicity,persistence,and bioaccumulation(Pacyna et al.,2010;Sharma et al.,2015).Mercury pollution can occur when products that contain mercury are improperly disposed of and mercury is released into the air,water,and soil(Zhang and Wong,2007).An estimated 22%of the annual world usage of mercury is in electrical equipment such as batteries,thermometers,and discharge lamps,and electronic devices such as monitors and     

How does the brown mussel Perna perna respond to environmental pollution? A review on pollution biomarkers

The brown mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) is a valuable resource for aquaculture in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. It presents desirable characteristics for biomonitoring, including being sessile, widely distributed and abundant, and is a filter-feeder able to accumulate several classes of pollutants (e.g., metals, hydrocarbons, among others). Mussels’ biological responses to pollution exposure can be measured as biomarkers, which include alterations ranging from molecular to physiological levels, to estimate the degree of environmental contamination and its effects on biota. This full review compiles two decades (2000–2020) of literature concerning biological effects on P. perna mussel caused by environmental pollutants (i.e., metals, hydrocarbons, and emerging pollutants), considering environmental and farm-based biomonitoring. Biochemical markers related to mussels’ oxidative status were efficient for the biomonitoring of metals (i.e., antioxidant enzymes associated with oxidative damage in biomolecules). Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity indicators (i.e., comet, micronucleus, and neutral red assays) provided a depiction of hydrocarbon contamination. The neutral red assay gave a time-concentration cytotoxic response to a wide range of pollutants, including emerging pollutants (e.g., pharmaceuticals and biocides) and hydrocarbons. Perna perna hemocyte parameters provided a useful approach for biocide biomonitoring. This paper summarizes useful biomarkers from molecular to physiological levels in this mussel species used to identify and quantify the degree of coastal pollution. An integrated biomarker analysis may provide a way to overcome possible biomarker variations and assess multi-polluted sites. Nevertheless, it is necessary to investigate biomarker variations according to natural factors (e.g., season and gonad maturation stage) to standardize them for trustworthy biomonitoring.     

Arsenic biotransformation and an arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase in plankton

<正>Arsenic(As)is a well-recognized toxicant and carcinogen.Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic causes a range of human cancers(e.g.,skin,bladder,and lung)and increases the risk of developing diabetes,hypertension,and cardiovascular and neurological diseases.The prevalence of arsenic species and the severity of their health effects continue to drive and demand for extensive research(Carlin et al.,2016).     

Comments on "Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite" by P. Jing, M.H. Hou, P. Zhao, X.Y. Tang, H.F. Wan

Recently, ling et al. （2013） published the paper entitled as above. In Section 2.3, Adsorption kinetics of MBT, authors noticed that ＂The pseudo first-order kinetic model （Eq. （1）） and the pseudo second-order kinetic model （Eq. （2））＂ were used （Do,an et al., 2007; Eftekhari et al., 2010）：     

Photo-degradation of Acid-red 3B dye catalyzed by TiO2 nanotubes

Introduction A s one kind of novel functional m aterial, TiO 2 nanotube has been found potential applications in solar cell (B arbe et al., 1997), sem iconductor device (V inodgopal et al., 1993) and catalyst supports (Idakiev et al., 2005) etc. Since K a…     

国外重要地球化学文献题录

<正> 57955俄亥俄州东部三个产油气砂岩层中卤水的化学和同位素特征及其对卤水源进行地球化学示踪的应用——Breen,K.J.等,Water-Resources Inve-stigations,58p.,1985.(英文)57962华盛顿州喀斯喀特山脉北部绿岩、绿色片岩、闪岩、某些云母片岩和片麻岩的主量元素和微量元素组成——Ort,M.H.等,Open-File Report(Uni-ted States Geological Survey.1978),14p.,1985.     

Greenhouse gas emission and its potential mitigation process from the waste sector in a large-scale exhibition

As one of the largest human activities, World Expo is an important source of anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas emission (GHG), and the GHG emission and other environmental impacts of the Expo Shanghai 2010, where around 59,397 tons of waste was generated during 184 Expo running days, were assessed by life cycle assessment (LCA). Two scenarios, i.e., the actual and expected figures of the waste sector, were assessed and compared, and 124.01 kg CO₂-equivalent (CO₂-eq.), 4.43 kg SO₂-eq., 4.88 kg NO₃^--eq., and 3509 m³ water per ton tourist waste were found to be released in terms of global warming (GW), acidification (AC), nutrient enrichment (NE) and spoiled groundwater resources (SGWR), respectively. The total GHG emission was around 3499 ton CO₂-eq. from the waste sector in Expo Park, among which 86.47% was generated during the waste landfilling at the rate of 107.24 kg CO₂-eq., and CH₄, CO and other hydrocarbons (HC) were the main contributors. If the waste sorting process had been implemented according to the plan scenario, around 497 ton CO₂-eq. savings could have been attained. Unlike municipal solid waste, with more organic matter content, an incineration plant is more suitable for tourist waste disposal due to its high heating value, from the GHG reduction perspective.     

生物强化技术处理某合成制药厂废水工程实例

针对性地对制药废水中重要污染物的高效降解微生物进行筛选、分离、驯化,把W1、W5、W7、W10和实验室混合菌株CQS进行复配并确定其投配比为1∶1∶1∶1∶1时降解效果最好,COD、NH3-N的降解率为83%,67%。并对组成高效菌剂的菌种进行了16S rRNA鉴定,菌株W1为阪崎肠杆菌Cronobacter sp.,菌株W5为多红球菌Rhodococcus sp.,菌株W7为假单胞菌Pseudomonas sp.,菌株W10为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis.。将高效复合菌剂运用于重庆某合成制药厂的污水处理厂,结合工艺运行参数的调整,对其处理效果进行强化。结果表明:出水COD100 mg/L;出水氨氮浓度1 mg/L;出水色度50;SS50 mg/L。     

金丁剖面MIS3阶段黄土地层记录的温湿气候特征初步研究

通过对黄土高原中北部金丁镇马兰黄土中磁化率、Rb/Sr、全铁含量(TFe)与化学蚀变指数(CIA)等气候指标测试分析,并结合光释光年代学数据,着重地探讨了金丁剖面黄土地层记录的MIS3阶段气候变化特征。研究表明,金丁剖面MIS3阶段总体气候特征温湿,冷暖气候频繁波动,可进一步划分为5个阶段:51.6~44.9ka B.P.,弱温湿;42.0~39.9ka B.P.,中等温湿;37.4~27.8ka B.P.,相对强温湿;以及44.9~42.0ka B.P.和39.9~37.4ka B.P.两个冷干期。金丁剖面MIS3温湿气候成因机制的初步探讨认为北半球太阳辐射量增加导致的增温作用更直接,而高纬驱动与低纬过程耦合作用机制尚待开展进一步研究工作。