番茄酱生产废水处理DAT-IAT工艺的应用与研究

番茄酱生产周期较短，废水排放集中于两个月且水量较大，废水中含固体杂质多，增加了废水处理难度。对新疆屯河昌通分公司番茄酱生产废水采用DAT-IAT工艺处理，并配套设置适应工艺要求及新疆气候特点的配套设备，水质水量适应性好，工艺组成具有显著的优势。项目通过验收后运行两年以来，运行效果稳定，处理水质稳定达标，可供同类企业借鉴和推广。     

加碱混凝沉淀工艺在处理含磷废水中的应用

介绍了加碱混凝沉淀法处理含磷废水的工艺。采用工艺处理效果好，出水稳定，经监测废水中总磷的去除效率可达96％，实际运行证明，该工艺是切实可行的。     

百乐克(BIOLAK)工艺设计中应注意的问题

百乐克工艺近两年来在国内中小型污水处理厂应用较广，其曝气装置独特，反应池组合方式灵活，池型结构独特，投资低廉，运行费用省。本文通过现有百乐克工艺污水处理厂的实际运行经验，提出了预处理、澄清池和稳定池、总氮处理和池体结构设计中应注意的问题及解决办法。     

果汁行业水污染防治措施经济技术论证

本文介绍了固液分离中温UASB＋混凝气浮＋SBR生化处理高浓度果汁废水。运行结果表明：该工艺具有适应性强，运行稳定、有机物去除率高、运行成本低等特点，出水可达到《污水综合排放标准》中一级标准。     

加压热煤气脱硫工艺

本文介绍了加压热煤气脱硫‘北京煤化－ＳＭＯＶＥＮ’工艺以及工艺研究试验的主要结果。热煤气脱硫小型连续试验装置投入稳定运行，取得了积极的结果，试验验证了ＳＭＯＶＥＮ工艺的技术合理性和操作可行性，为其工艺放大研究打下了良好基础。     

生物-物化法处理造纸中段废水工程设计

造纸中段废水是难处理的高浓度废水之一，本文以实例说明采用生物-物化法工艺，经过严格的设计，调试和运行控制后，可以取得良好效果。保证整个污水处理系统的稳定达标。     

染色废水处理方案设计

在生化＋物化处理染色废水的常用工艺中，增加兼氧和厌氧预处理，增强其可生化性，运行情况表明，对高浓度染色废水可使其稳定达到GB4287－92二级标准。     

周期循环活性污泥工艺运行方式探讨

周期循环活性污泥(CASS)工艺是序批式活性污泥(SBR)工艺的一种变形工艺,在运行过程中大多采用最高水位与最低水位的变水位运行方式,在实际操作过程中采用恒水位的运行方式,并对该方式的操作程序和出水效果进行比较。结果表明,恒水位运行方式不仅可省去前端倒换阀门的繁锁操作,而且运行效果更为稳定,运行过程中的工艺更易于控制。     

高效电除尘在赤铁精矿烧结工艺中的应用

赤铁精矿烧结工艺粉尘由于其特殊性，治理难度较大，东鞍山烧结厂通过与科研单位进行工业试验研究及长期生产实践，掌握了烧结粉尘特性并探寻到与其适宜的高电压、宽间距、合理的极配型式与振打方式的高效静电除尘，实现了烧结工艺粉尘完全达标与治理设施稳定运行。     

油浮选工艺在气田含醇污水处理中的应用

大牛地气田甲醇污水由于水性改变.导致原设计混凝沉降工艺无法正常运行。为此,开发了针对新井投产期污水中大量带入的压裂液、泡排剂等高分子有机物的油浮选工艺。实践证明,该工艺运行稳定,能够有效去除不沉悬浮物和乳化油,保障甲醇再生装置的平稳运行。     

炼油污水回用处理RO系统的稳定运行及维护

文章介绍了兰州石化公司炼油污水深度处理反渗透(RO)系统的工艺流程及维护。通过进出水电导率、产水回收率等变化情况,分析了RO系统的运行状况。得知:运用此系统,反渗透系统产水回收率达到65%～70%,系统脱盐率在99%以上,产水可以满足一级除盐水要求,实现了装置稳定运行的目标。     

生化需氧量的差压式测定方法的研究

本文研究了用差压式直读测定实验装置测定生化需氧量（ＢＯＤ５）的方法，验证了用该新技术测定ＢＯＤ５的可行性。该方法操作简单、直观性好，简化了大量烦琐操作并可连续测定。经对水样分析并用标准稀释法的分析结果加以比较，获得良好的效果。     

A/O法合并处理煤转气废水和生活污水

探讨了A/O法合并处理煤转气废水和生活污水的工艺原理及试运行效果。实践证明,该方法是处理高浓度煤转气废水的简单新方法,经处理后的污水可达到国家规定的排放标准。     

改造碳黑废水处理设施使废水循环使用

介绍碳黑废水处理工艺流程的技术改造及其技术要点。着重阐述了关键设备斜管沉淀池的运行原理、运行结果及其在整个流程改造过程中所起的作用。改造后的工艺流程特点是斜管沉淀效率高，出水水质好，副产品碳黑质优销路好，劳动强度低，废水可循环使用，设备占地少，运行费用低，总体效益好。改造后实现了全厂生产用水闭路循环，取得了可观的经济、环境、社会效益。废水循环利用在技术上是可行的，经济上有收益，实现了废水及固体废物的资源化。     

油田作业废水高效处理技术中试研究

文章根据新疆油田作业废水特征及油田地处干旱区的地理特点,结合国内外含聚合物污水处理的技术现状,以及油田连续生产稳定运行的要求,在含油污水处理技术的基础上,开展了作业废水处理关键技术研究和工艺优化,采用了"隔油—絮凝气浮—深层过滤"技术。中试试验结果表明:处理后废水COD_(Cr)、石油类、SS可分别由680 mg/L、98.6 mg/L、56.2 mg/L降至98.8 mg/L、5.4 mg/L、4.5 mg/L,去除率分别为85.5%、94.5%、92.0%。     

Drain-blocking techniques on blanket peat: A framework for best practice

In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in artificial drain-blocking in world peatlands. The UK blanket peatlands have been severely drained over the past few decades but now drains are being blocked in an attempt to improve peatland environments. The drain-blocking has been a disparate process with limited knowledge transfer between organisations and within organisations operating in different geographic areas. Consequently, there has been no compilation of techniques used and their effectiveness. During this study thirty-two drain-blocked sites were surveyed and all the key stakeholders interviewed. Drain-blocking using peat turf was preferred by practitioners and was also the most cost-effective method. Peat turves were successful except on steep slopes, in areas of severe erosion, in very wet or very dry locations, or if the mineral substrate was exposed. A drain-blocking best practice guide is offered by this paper, providing information on the most suitable methods for blocking peatland drains under different circumstances. Additional considerations are provided for practitioners to ensure peatland drain-blocking is as successful as possible.     

Managing environmental aspects associated with the development of domestic and international power projects

Increasingly, a key component in the financial success of developing and operating domestic and international energy projects is the management of environmental issues. This article outlines an environmental management system for developing and acquiring power projects. The specific issues addressed include the development and communication of an environmental policy and the development and use of environmental expectations. These expectations are designed to manage the environmental components of the dynamic development process and provide a framework for enhancing team effectiveness in addressing environmental issues. Examples of expectations for each development phase are provided. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Identification of process operating state with operational map in municipal wastewater treatment plant

This work was performed to develop an operational map for the objective diagnosis of the process operating states of a municipal wastewater treatment plant, for which multivariate statistical analysis techniques were applied. PCA (principal component analysis) was used to reduce the dimension of the data sets obtained from the field municipal wastewater treatment plant. A K-means clustering analysis was used to classify the group according to the property of the process operating state. A Fisher's linear discriminant analysis was used to derive the discriminant function of each classified group. An operational map was developed by scatter-plotting the derived principal components (PCs) on a two-dimensional coordinate according to the classified groups. Using the new data sets not used for developing the operational map, the practical usefulness of the operational map and discriminant function in diagnosing the process operating state were evaluated. Hence, the process operating state could be easily and quickly diagnosed and the dynamic trend of the process operating state was also able to be estimated using the operational map.     

对水的细菌学检测中几个问题的讨论

“大肠菌群”是水质污染的指示菌，测定大肠菌群的方法主要有多管发酵法、滤膜法。多管发酵法实验周期较长，适用于较复杂的水样检测。本文对多管发酵法实验过程中的一些具体问题、如革兰氏染色法中的注意事项、初发酵24h内产酸不产气样品的处理，多管发酵法操作步骤是否可简化等、结合实践经验进行了讨论和分析。     

Coliforms removal in full-scale activated sludge plants in India

This paper investigates the removal of coliforms in full-scale activated sludge plants (ASP) operating in northern regions of India. Log2.2 and log2.4 removal were observed for total coliforms (TC) and fecal coliforms (FC), respectively. However, the effluent still contained a significant number of TC and FC which was greater than the permissible limit for unrestricted irrigation as prescribed by WHO. The observations also suggest that extended aeration (EA) process operating under high mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and sludge retention time (SRT) is more efficient in the removal of coliforms. Further attempts have been made to establish the relationship between two key wastewater parameters, i.e. biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS) with respect to fecal and TC. The relationships were observed to be linear with a good coefficient of correlation. The interrelationship of BOD and SS with coliforms manifest that improvement of the microbiological quality of wastewater could be linked with the removal of SS. Therefore, SS can serve as a regulatory tool in lieu of an explicit coliforms standard.