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不同温度下镁在方解石与水溶液之间的分配系数研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章采用“定量加入法”(constant-addition),在不同温度下进行模拟实验,产生方解石沉淀,经过洗涤、烘干、衡重和测定,在25℃、40℃、55℃、70℃、85℃、90℃和100℃下,得到的实验结果(分配系数kd)分别为0.017、0.022、0.032、0.035、0.044、0.049和0.056。用最小二乘法进行拟合,得到镁在方解石与水溶液之间的分配系数kd与温度T(K)之间的函数关系为:logKd=0.0069T-3.828。 相似文献
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江津润湿时间的温度分布研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用直接读取、4点统计、24点统计三种方法研究了江津试验站1998年的润湿时间的温度分布,研究表明,可以利用全年每天2、8、14、20点的4个数据统计年润湿时间的温度分布;江津地区润湿时间的温度分布特征主要为:(1)99%的年润湿时间是在5℃至30℃温度范围,每月润湿时间的温度波动一般为15℃;(2)在(0~5)℃、(5~10)℃、(10~15)℃、(15~20)℃、(20~25)℃、(25~30)℃、(30~35)℃区间内,4点统计法各区间润湿时间的百分比分别为0.34%、13.4%、24.5%、18.3%、26.0%、17.4%、0.0%。 相似文献
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冻干壳聚糖微球固定化纤维素酶的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分别以冻干壳聚糖微球和湿壳聚糖微球为载体,戊二醛为交联剂进行纤维素酶的固定化研究,并对2种固定化酶的热稳定性、米氏常数、重复利用次数、pH值加以对比分析。确定酶固定化的适宜条件为:0.03g冻干壳聚糖微球与10mL4g/L戊二醛交联4h后,加入10mg酶固定2h,酶活力回收率为96.3%;0.1g湿壳聚糖微球与10mL 2g/L戊二醛交联2h后,加入6mg酶固定4h,酶活力回收率为62.4%。与游离酶相比,2种固定化酶的米氏常数均降低;具有很好的热稳定性;最适酶解温度分别为60℃,50℃;酶解反应适宜pH范围3.0—4.0,最适pH值均向酸性方向移动。冻干载体更易与酶分子结合,酶活力回收率高于湿载体固定化酶。 相似文献
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不同气温条件下室内甲醛污染特性的探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用酚试剂分光光度法(GB/F18204.26—2000)对装修后室内空气中的甲醛进行测定。通过一年多的实测表明:气温在13.0℃-24.0℃范围内,测试结果的超标率为27.8%,测试结果均值为0.077mg/m^3,气温在25.0℃-30.0℃范围内,测试结果的超标率为78.1%,测试结果均值为0.270mg/m^3,两个温度段超标率相差2.8倍多,测试结果均值相差3.5倍多。室内空气中甲醛浓度与室内温度呈线性关系,表明气温对室内空气中甲醛的释放量有明显的影响。 相似文献
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崔临红 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2012,22(2):61-63
对自动顶空进样器与气相色谱法联用技术测定环境空气和废气中甲醇的方法进行了研究。结果表明:当样品加入4g氯化钠,顶空平衡温度为80℃,平衡时间为20min,用HP—FFAP毛细管柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测时,得到甲醇标准曲线方程为y=23415x+237.2,相关系数(R)0.9994;检出限为0.002mg/m2,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.5%,加标回收率为98.9%。该方法简单、灵敏、分离度好、检出限低。 相似文献
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采用气候倾向率、趋势系数、普通克里格插值、Mann—Kendall检验、小波分析等方法对陕北高原1960-2009年最高气温、最低气温的时空变化特征与突变特点进行分析。结果表明,近50年来陕北高原最高、最低气温均有明显增温趋势,分别为0.3℃/10a和0.32℃/10a;最高、最低气温增温幅度存在季节差异,最高气温在春季增温幅度最大,最低气温在冬季增温幅度最大;最高、最低气温增温的地区差异也较显著,最高气温增温趋势从北向南呈间隔分布,最低气温增温趋势从西向东逐渐递减;最高、最低气温升温突变显著,分别为1994年和1993年;最低气温突变早于最高气温,说明最低气温比最高气温敏感。 相似文献
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钢渣吸附除磷性能的试验研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
研究了钢渣的吸附除磷效果并进行机理探讨。结果表明:钢渣采用0.5g,即可在25℃下、2个小时内,将100ml的磷浓度为10mg/L(以磷计)的模拟含磷废水的磷浓度降至0.5mg/L以下,达到磷的国家一级排放标准;钢渣吸附平衡时问为2小时;钢渣吸附除磷的机理主要是沉淀、吸附(表面络合反应),并辅以静电作用。 相似文献
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本研究从某农药厂污水处理池的活性污泥中分离得到1株能以乙羧氟草醚为唯一碳源生长的菌株。经生理生化鉴定和16SrRNA基因序列同源性分析,将此菌株初步鉴定为腐生葡萄球茵(Staphylococcussaprophyticus),并命名为YSC.1。对菌株YSC.1的生长特性研究表明:茵株的最佳生长温度和pH分别为30℃、7.0;NaCI浓度对菌株YSC-1生长有较大的影响。菌株在20℃-40℃之间均能降解乙羧氟草醚,在30%1、pH7.0的条件下对乙羧氟草醚的降解率最高;增加乙羧氟草醚的浓度会对菌株产生毒害作用,降低其降解率;提高接种量可以加快乙羧氟草醚的降解。在乙羧氟草醚终浓度为100mg/L的工业废水经7d处理后,乙羧氟草醚的去除率达91.62%,说明菌株YSC-1在废水处理中具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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河流治理问题不仅关乎国家经济问题,而且涉及人民根本利益,所以在面对严峻的河流问题,探寻其症结所在,探索河流治理价值取向则显得尤为重要。河长制作为新时代治理河流的治河政策,对于缓解我国河流治理困境以及对河流治理价值取向转向研究有着极其重要的作用。基于河长制的实施背景,从维护河流生态价值的角度出发,通过总结梳理河流治理体制现状,强调研究河流治理价值取向的重要性,通过对河流治理价值取向及其实现路径的理论的研究,辨析河流治理的价值取向,并从意识层面出发、从保障与监督机制以及立法协调角度对河流治理价值取向实现路径进行深入探索,得出其对维护河流生态功能、维持河流生态价值等具有重要意义,为河流管理发展规划提供参考。 相似文献
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河长制是中国水环境治理的重大创新实践,其明确的责任、针对性的治理模式有效实现了水环境质量的大步提升.然而,以行政区划为基础的河长制与流域整体性治理之间依然存在着操作上的缝隙亟待解决.以流域水污染为典型对象,从共容利益的角度,讨论了上、下游河长协同治理的利益博弈结构,明确影响上、下游合作的因素,进而提出河长制背景下促进流... 相似文献
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Between 1850 and 1970, rivers throughout Sweden were channelized to facilitate timber floating. Floatway structures were installed
to streamline banks and disconnect flow to secondary channels, resulting in simplified channel morphologies and more homogenous
flow regimes. In recent years, local authorities have begun to restore channelized rivers. In this study, we examined the
effects of restoration on riparian plant communities at previously disconnected secondary channels of the Pite River. We detected
no increase in riparian diversity at restored sites relative to unrestored (i.e., disconnected) sites, but we did observe
significant differences in species composition of both vascular plant and bryophyte communities. Disconnected sites featured
greater zonation, with mesic-hydric floodplain species represented in plots closest to the stream and mesic-xeric upland species
represented in plots farthest from the stream. In contrast, restored sites were most strongly represented by upland species
at all distances relative to the stream. These patterns likely result from the increased water levels in reconnected channels
where, prior to restoration, upland plants had expanded toward the stream. Nonetheless, the restored fluvial regime has not
brought about the development of characteristic flood-adapted plant communities, probably due to the short time interval (ca.
5 years) since restoration. Previous studies have demonstrated relatively quick responses to similar restoration in single-channel
tributaries, but secondary channels may respond differently due to the more buffered hydrologic regimes typically seen in
anabranching systems. These findings illustrate how restoration outcomes can vary according to hydrologic, climatic and ecological
factors, reinforcing the need for site-specific restoration strategies. 相似文献
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The Klamath River once supported large runs of anadromous salmonids. Water temperature associated with multiple mainstem hydropower facilities might be one of many factors responsible for depressing Klamath salmon stocks. We combined a water quantity model and a water quality model to predict how removing the series of dams below Upper Klamath Lake might affect water temperatures, and ultimately fish survival, in the spawning and rearing portions of the mainstem Klamath. We calibrated the water quantity and quality models and applied them for the hydrometeorological conditions during a 40-year postdam period. Then, we hypothetically removed the dams and their impoundments from the models and reestimated the rivers water temperatures. The principal thermal effect of dam and reservoir removal would be to restore the timing (phase) of the rivers seasonal thermal signature by shifting it approximately 18 days earlier in the year, resulting in river temperatures that more rapidly track ambient air temperatures. Such a shift would likely cool thermal habitat conditions for adult fall chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) during upstream migration and benefit mainstem spawning. By contrast, spring and early summer temperatures could be warmer without dams, potentially harming chinook rearing and outmigration in the mainstem. Dam removal might affect the rivers thermal regime during certain conditions for over 200 km of the mainstem. 相似文献
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2011年7月27日,皖浙青年手牵手“同饮一江水、共护母亲河”活动在黄山市启动,本刊记者随队参加了为期四天的活动。新安江发源于安徽黄山市境内,地跨皖、浙两省,流域总面积达11674平方公里。得天独厚的一江水,养育了一代又一代的两岸人, 相似文献
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