应用青霉菌BX1活体吸附水中活性艳蓝KN-R

研究了染料高效吸附菌(青霉菌BX1)的生长条件及其对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附特性为避免染料对其生长的毒害,本研究将菌体培养及其对染料的吸附分离.结果表明,青霉菌BX1生长分3个阶段:孢子活化、线性生长和菌体自解.菌体生长的最佳温度为30℃,最优碳源依次为淀粉＞木糖＞蔗糖＞麦芽糖＞葡萄糖＞乳糖,最佳pH值为4.0用培养48h的活菌体吸附水中的100mg/L的活性艳蓝KN-R,120min脱色率达93.7%,20℃时菌体(以干菌重计)对染料的最大饱和吸附量为159mg/g.     

Na-CMC固定化烟曲霉对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附脱色研究

采用羧甲基纤维素钠(Na-CMC)固定化烟曲霉对活性蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R吸附脱色.通过批式吸附实验探讨了吸附体系的pH值、温度、供氧条件、盐度,固定化小球的粒径、接种量等对吸附脱色效率的影响.结果表明,适合于固定化小球吸附脱色的吸附体系的pH值在弱酸或碱性(4.3～9.0)范围内,不调pH值时(pH=4.3),48h的吸附率为94.5%,pH值为6～9时,48 h的吸附率在98%以上;固定化小球的最佳脱色温度为40℃,该温度下24h的吸附率达94.4%;氧充足情况下(摇床转速调节为50r·min-1)的吸附体系较静止状态能显著提高吸附脱色率;固定化小球脱色过程中能承受一定的盐度,NaCl浓度为0.1%时,吸附脱色效果最好;盐度为2.5%时,48h的吸附率降低至68.4%;粒径为2.0～3.85mm的固定化小球对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附率相差不大;接种量为3.0%时的吸附脱色效果最好,24h对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附率达91.0%.在烟曲霉生长期内,固定化小球吸附脱色动力学符合一级动力学方程.     

活性艳蓝KN-R的生物吸附脱色研究

从广州某印染厂生化处理池的污泥中筛选到一株对蒽醌染料具有高效吸附脱色作用的菌株HX.考察了碳源浓度、氮源浓度、盐度、染料浓度对蒽醌染料KN-R吸附脱色的影响.结果表明,对于接入的生长菌体,碳源浓度高于7.5g/L时,染料才能完全脱色;染料对菌株HX的生长有一定抑制性,但菌株HX仍表现出了优异的吸附性能,对于250mg/L的KN-R可在48h内完全脱色,400mg/L组在72h内脱色率达94%,600mg/L组72h脱色率可达78.4%;有机氮对染料的脱色起到一定的促进作用,对吸附菌的生长和染料的脱色不是决定性因素;盐度可促进染料的吸附脱色,其同离子效应和盐度效应决定了盐度组的完全脱色时间要比不加入盐度组长;吸附菌HX的生长和染料脱色同步进行,菌体干重达最大时染料的脱色率亦达最大.     

3株真菌对活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色条件

从受污染土壤中筛选出具有广谱脱色的优势菌17株,并进一步扩大染料范围,筛选出3株对偶氮、蒽醌、三苯甲烷染料均有较好脱色效果的优势菌株. 3株菌分别为青霉属(菌Ⅰ、菌Ⅱ)和头孢霉属(菌Ⅲ)的真菌;以染料配水为例,探讨了pH值、温度、碳源、氮源因素对菌株脱色的影响;并进行了实际废水的脱色实验,结果表明该菌在pH值5～9, 温度18～37℃的区间内,且外加葡萄糖提供0.5%碳源时对染料废水的脱色率可达70%. 因此对处理染料污染废水具有较好的应用前景.     

丝瓜瓤固定无花果曲霉吸附活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色研究

利用植物载体丝瓜瓤对无花果曲霉(Aspergillus ficuum)进行固定,并对活性艳蓝KN-R进行脱色研究探讨了固定化菌体的菌龄、pH、温度、菌量对染料脱色的影响.比较了固定化菌体与菌丝球对活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色效果,研究了该固定化菌体的重复利用和动力学实验,并进行了实际废水的脱色研究.结果表明,最佳脱色条件为菌龄3d,温度33℃,pH为6.0,菌量对染料脱色的影响依次为2%＞1%＞0.5%;固定化菌体对活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色效果优于菌丝球,且它对实际染料废水的脱色率均达80%以上;丝瓜瓤固定无花果曲霉对不同初始浓度(25～186mg·L-1)活性艳蓝KN-R的脱色过程遵循二级动力学方程;经6次重复利用后的该固定化菌体,其脱色率仍达80.79%.     

活性艳蓝KN-R在ACF电极上成对电解脱色的影响因素

分别以活性炭纤维（ACF）为阳极和阴极，在无隔膜电解槽中研究了利用成对电解降解蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R脱色过程的影响因素。考察了染料初始浓度、支持电解质Na2SO4、pH及温度诸条件对脱色性能的作用。结果表明：适当增加染料初始浓度和支持电解质浓度，酸性和中性条件以及适中的温度均对成对电解脱色性能有利。当染料初始浓度为251mg／L，在合适的处理条件下，脱色率达到95％，脱除单位质量染料电耗仅为1．22kWh／kg染料。     

染料脱色菌的筛选及固定化脱色试验

从印染厂污水中筛选到７株高效脱色菌,其中Ｐｓｅ４、Ｐｓｅ２９两菌在非固定化条件下,分别对１０ｍｇ／Ｌ阳离子桃红ＦＧ、活性艳红Ｋ－２ＢＰ溶液３在染料为唯一碳源、能源时、１２ｄ脱以８０％以上,这２菌都属于公章民菌属,将各菌等量混合进行脱色,没有协同作用,采用凹凸棒粘土颗粒或塑料环为载体固定化脱色菌,能大大缩短反应时间,提高脱色率,凹凸棒颗粒固定化柱在６ｈ即对６０ｍｇ／Ｌ混合染料脱色９１％,是一种具有较     

青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)对三种活性染料的吸附和降解

通过14C标记底物的矿化实验发现青霉菌对多聚芳香族化合物有一定降解能力,本研究以3种偶氮和蒽醌型活性染料为作用底物,结果表明,青霉菌G-1 (Penicillium sp.)对染料进行吸附,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,最大理论吸附量(Q_max)可达169.5～243.9mg/g干重,被吸附染料最早在第4d完全脱色降解,有菌丝和去除菌丝的培养液中再次加入染料,均可在20～30h内使染料完全脱色降解.     

活性艳蓝X-BR染料废水电化学脱色及其机理研究

采用电凝聚技术,对活性艳蓝X-BR模拟染料废水的电凝聚脱色过程进行研究,考察各种参数对脱色效果的影响,并对其脱色机理进行了初步分析.研究表明:采用电凝聚方法可以使活性艳蓝X-BR模拟染料废水的色度得到有效去除;处理时间、电解电压、废水初始浓度、初始pH值、搅拌强度、添加电解质浓度、极板间距等参数均对处理效果有影响,在最...     

活性黑5高效脱色菌的固定化及其脱色特性研究

采用海藻酸钙包埋法固定活性黑5高效脱色菌,通过正交试验确定固定化的最优条件,考察了pH、温度、初始染料浓度和重复利用次数等因素对固定化菌体脱色特性的影响,同时通过投加固定化颗粒处理模拟染料废水研究其生物强化作用。结果表明,最优固定化条件为海藻酸钠浓度3%,CaCl2浓度2%,菌体量与包埋剂量之比2:1;固定化颗粒对染料脱色的最适pH为8左右,最适温度为30℃,具有耐低温、染料浓度耐受极限高和可重复利用等特性,但在强碱性、高温和重复利用多次后,其机械强度降低;固定化菌体对以葡萄糖为外加碳源的染料废水的脱色效果较好,且浓度以1 g/L为宜,在厌氧污泥反应器中投加固定化颗粒对染料去除效率有所提高。     

Decolourization of reactive brilliant blue KN-R by immobilized cells of Aspergillus ficuum

Aspergillus ficuum was immobilized with sodium alginate,and decolourization of Brilliant Blue NK-R was studied on immobilized and free Aspergillus ficuum.The optimal preparation condition of the strain immobilization was obtained by the orthogonal test,it is sodium alginate 3%,CaCl2 5%,wet mycelia 30g/L,calcific time 8h.It was found that the immobilized cells could effectively decolourize Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R,the optimum temperature and pH were 33℃ and 5.0,respectively.The kinetics study of decolourization of immobilized eclls showed that the decolourization of Aspergillus ficuum immobilized conformed to zero-order reaction model.The decolourization efficiency of immobilized cell compared with that of free cell in different physical conditions.Results showed that the decolourization of immobilized cells with mycelia had the best efficiency.The immobilized cells could be reused after the first decolourization.     

微波辐射处理活性艳蓝KN-R染料溶液的研究

在活性炭存在下微波照射能使活性艳蓝KN－R溶液迅速脱色，每g活性炭处理浓度为300mg／L的活性艳蓝KN－R溶液50mL，微波辐射4min脱色率达97．1％。     

Decolorization of reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by immobilized cells of Aspergillus ficuum

Aspergillus ficuum was immobilized with sodium alginate, and decolorization of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R was studied on immobilized and free Aspergillus ficuum. The optimal preparation condition of the strain immobilization was obtained by the orthogonal test, it is sodium alginate 3%, CaCl2 5%, wet mycelia 30 g/L, calcific time 8 h. It was found that the immobilized cells could effectively decolorize Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R, the optimum temperature and pH were 33℃ and 5.0, respectively. The kinetics study of decolorization of immobilized cells showed that the decolorization of Aspergillus ficuum immobilized conformed to zero-order reaction model. The decolorization efficiency of immobilized cell compared with that of free cell in different physical conditions. Results showed that the decolorization of immobilized cells with mycelia had the best efficiency. The immobilized cells could be reused after the first decolorization.     

CMC固定化灭活烟曲霉小球吸附活性艳蓝KN-R——批式实验与热力学

利用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)固定化灭活烟曲霉小球对活性艳蓝KN-R溶液进行吸附脱色实验,考察了不同条件下对103.4mg·L-1活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附效果,探讨了吸附热力学.结果表明,48h内对103.4mg·L-1活性艳蓝KN-R溶液达到吸附平衡.对于吸附溶液最佳初始pH值为10.5.温度在10℃～50℃范围内时,温度越高,吸附量越大此外,CMC固定化灭活烟曲霉小球投加量为1%～5%时,随着投加量的增加吸附率由54.2%逐步增加到94.9%,而吸附量由54.7mg·g-1逐步降低到19.6mg·g-1.较高的盐度对吸附量的影响不大,NaCl浓度从0%增至3%时,吸附量仅下降了5.6mg·g-1.10℃～50℃温度范围内的热力学参数焓变(△H)值为15.343kJ·mol·K-1、熵变(△S)值为0.0607kJ·mol-1·K-1,自由能变(△G)值小于0.因此,CMC固定化灭活烟曲霉小球吸附活性艳蓝KN-R的过程是一个自发进行的吸热过程,吸附过程中染料分子在固/液界面随意运动性能增加不大     

CMC固定化灭活烟曲霉小球对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附机理——吸附平衡、动力学和扩散传质过程

考察了羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)固定化灭活烟曲霉小球吸附活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附平衡、吸附动力学和扩散传质过程.结果表明:CMC固定化灭活烟曲霉小球对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附较易进行,吸附等温线能较好地用Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型来描述,而且用Langmuir模型更好,最大单分子层吸附量为66.7mg·g-1.吸附动力学很好地符合准二级动力学模型.小球内部扩散过程用Weber-Morris模型拟合的结果反映小球内部扩散过程是其吸附控制步骤,且染料从小球液相边界层向小球表面的扩散过程亦不能忽略.用外部传质模型Mathews and Weber (M & W)模型和Frusawa and Smith(F & S)模型分别计算得到的外部传质速度的表征值β1S值均小于0.1 h-1.初始染料浓度越大,染料从液相到固相的外部传质速度越慢,而在小球内部越易扩散.     

Comparison of four supports for adsorption of reactive dyes by immobilized beads

Four materials, sodium carboxymethylcellulose （Na-CMC）, sodium alginate （SA）, polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）, and chitosan （CTS）, were prepared as supports for entrapping fungus Aspergillusfumigatus. The adsorption of synthetic dyes, Reactive Brilliant Blue KN- R, and Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP, by these immobilized gel beads and plain gel beads was evaluated. The adsorption efficiencies of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by CTS immobilized beads were 89.1% and 93.5% in 12 h, respectively. The adsorption efficiency by Na-CMC immobilized beads was slightly lower than that of mycelial pellets. But the dye culture mediums were almost completely decolorized in 48 h using the above-mentioned two immobilized beads （exceeding 95%）. The adsorption efficiency by SA immobilized beads exceeded 92% in 48 h. PVA-SA immobilized beads showed the lowest adsorption efficiency, which was 79.8% for Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and 92.5% for Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R in 48 h. Comparing the adsorption efficiency by plain gel beads, Na-CMC plain gel beads ranked next to CTS ones. SA and PVA-SA plain gel beads hardly had the ability of adsorbing dyes. Subsequently, the growth of mycelia in Na-CMC and SA immobilized beads were evaluated. The biomass increased continuously in 72 h. The adsorption capacity of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by Na-CMC immobilized beads was 78.0 and 86.7 mg/g, respectively. The SEM micrographs show that the surface structure of Na-CMC immobilized bead is loose and finely porous, which facilitates diffusion of the dyes.     

Fe~0-厌氧微生物体系处理活性艳蓝X-BR的试验研究

采用零价铁(Fe0)-厌氧微生物处理体系,以蒽醌染料活性艳蓝X-BR为处理对象,通过摇床试验研究了Fe0投加量、pH值等因素对染料脱色的影响,并对比了该染料在3种不同处理体系中的脱色效果.结果表明,在Fe0-厌氧微生物体系中,Fe0投加量和pH值均存在最适宜值,当两者分别控制在400mg/L和7,染料初始浓度和反应时间分别为100mg/L和68h时,该体系脱色率可达到90%以上;与相同反应条件下的纯Fe0、纯厌氧微生物体系相比,该体系的脱色率提高近40%.根据紫外-可见光谱分析,Fe0可有效促进厌氧微生物对X-BR及其中间产物的降解,实现完全脱色.其脱色符合准一级动力学,当染料初始浓度由50mg/L增至800mg/L时,反应速率常数k值由0.0470h-1降至0.0102h-1.