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We developed and tested a plant-based index of biological integrity (IBI) and used it to evaluate the existing reclamation
wetlands in Alberta’s oil sands mining region. Reclamation plans call for >15,000 ha of wetlands to be constructed, but currently,
only about 25 wetlands are of suitable age for evaluation. Reclamation wetlands are typically of the shallow open water type
and range from fresh to sub-saline. Tailings-contaminated wetlands in particular may have problems with hydrocarbon- and salt-related
toxicity. From 60 initial candidate metrics in the submersed aquatic and floating vegetation communities, we selected five
to quantify biological integrity. The IBI included two diversity-based metrics: the species richness of floating vegetation
and the percent of total richness contributed by Potamogeton spp. It also included three relative abundance-based metrics: that of Ceratophyllum demersum, of floating leafed species and of alkali-tolerant species. We evaluated the contribution of nonlinear metrics to IBI performance
but concluded that the correlation between IBI scores and wetland condition was not improved. The method used to score metrics
had an influence on the IBI sensitivity. We conclude that continuous scoring relative to the distribution of values found
in reference sites was superior. This scoring approach provided good sensitivity and resolution and was grounded in reference
condition theory. Based on these IBI scores, both tailings-contaminated and tailings-free reclamation wetlands have significantly
lower average biological integrity than reference wetlands (ANOVA: F
2,59 = 34.7, p = 0.000000000107). 相似文献