Biochemistry of parasites

Parasite biochemistry is a field growing in parallel with the new surge of interest in tropical diseases. Whereas previously parasitologists have been required to adopt biochemical methodology in order to stay abreast of developments, today we find a new phenomenon: biochemists abandoning their classical systems (E. coli, red blood cells, etc.) to work on parasites. The 13th annual meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS) held in Jerusalem in August 1980 presented the perfect opportunity to summarize work done by parasite biochemists and to introduce this field to workers in classical biochemistry.     

Water desalination

A review is given on the most used commercial desalination processes. Novel developments in the field are described. In a short introduction criteria are presented for chosing conventional conveying methods or desalting processes to meet additional demand of water, depending on the existing water resources. Energy requirements for desalting and problems caused by the steep rise of oil prices are outlined.     

Applications of magnetic nanoparticles in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of environmental pollutants

Environmental pollution, a major problem worldwide, poses considerable threat to human health and ecological environment. Efficient and reliable detection technologies, which focus on the appearance of emerging environmental and trace pollutants, are urgently needed. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) has become an attractive analytical tool for sensing trace targets in environmental field because of its inherent molecular fingerprint specificity and high sensitivity. In this review, we focused on the recent developments in the integration of magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) with SERS for facilitating sensitive detection of environmental pollutants. An overview and classification of different types of MNPs for SERS detection were initially provided, enabling us to categorize the huge amount of literature that was available in the interdisciplinary research field of MNPs based SERS technology. Then, the basic working principles and applications of MNPs in SERS detection were presented. Subsequently, the detection technologies integrating MNPs with SERS that eventually were used for the detection of various environmental pollutions were reviewed. Finally, the advantages of MNP-basedSERS detection technology for environmental pollutants were concluded, and the current challenges and future outlook of this technology in practical applications were highlighted. The application of the MNPsbasedSERS techniques for environmental analysis will be significantly advanced with the great progresses of the nanotechnologies, optics, and materials.     

环境样品中多环芳烃的前处理技术

系统地综述了大气、水体、土壤和底泥以及其它环境样品中多环芳烃的前处理技术,对索氏提取、超声波提取、超临界流萃取、固相萃取、固相微萃取、微波辅助萃取、快速溶剂萃取等前处理技术在环境样品中的应用进行了概述和比较,并对环境样品中多环芳烃前处理技术的发展进行展望．     

Sunshine by cooling

An overview of the development of cooler rings for fast ions with emphasis on electron cooling of heavy ion and radioactive beams is presented. Some of the most important discoveries made with the use of this new experimental tool include the first observation of string-like ordered ion beams, the development of Schottky mass spectrometry for precision mass measurements of radioactive nuclei, the discovery of bound-state #-decay of highly ionized nuclei and the calibration of the Re/Os cosmochronometer including a determination of the age of our Galaxy. First results of 1 s-state hyperfine interaction, and Lambshift measurements in hydrogen-like heavy ions are presented, together with an outlook on ongoing developments.     

燃煤火电厂闭路除灰系统结垢及其防治的研究现状

对燃煤火电厂闭路除灰系统结垢及其防治的研究现状进行了叙述和分析，对该领域的研究和发展动向提出了自己的见解     

热带浅水城市湖泊富营养化水体修复中生物操纵的研究

从生物操纵的来由、生物操纵的研究开展到生物操纵的局限,较为全面的体现了生物操纵在湖泊富营养化水体修复中所起的作用,并提出生物操纵的研究展望,提供了生物操纵在典型热带浅水城市湖泊-惠州西湖的实践案例研究,期为生物操纵在热带浅水城市湖泊深入研究提供一定的参考。     

土壤中微生物及其环境效益的浅析

关于土壤微生物活性,已经成为目前土壤方面研究的热点问题。有些学者曾经对微生物在土壤环境中的作用表示怀疑,他们过分强调物理化学作用在土壤形成和土壤环境效应中的作用,而忽视微生物的研究。随着土壤学研究的深入,关于土壤成因、土壤生产力和环境现象已经越来越复杂,单纯依靠物理和化学的知识已经无法解释某些复杂的实验现象,现在必须依靠微生物来解释某些现象。本文将对土壤微生物在土壤研究中的作用进行简述,同时分析土壤环境变化对微生物数量和活性的影响,并简述一些微生物研究的进展。     

Technische Entwicklung als sozialer Prozeß

This article provides an overview of the new developments in social scientific technology research which have changed considerably as a result of public debate and reactions to the importance of advancements in technology. The shift in emphasis, away from the effects of technology to its shaping, is described and certain hypotheses and concepts of advancement in the study of the social conditions underlying technical development processes are presented.     

Mesoscale meteorological modelling for Hong Kong-application of the MC2 model

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生物技术处理废水的研究进展

随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，所排放的废水日益增多，造成的环境危害也日趋严重。采用生物技术处理废水具有许多明显的优点。本文详细介绍了生物技术在废水处理中的应用进展及前沿动态。     

Some recent advances in the theory of random vibration

A brief introduction is first given of the history of the technical field of random vibration, tracing back to the works of physicists since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is then followed by an account of more recent developments, with emphasis on nonlinear and quasi-nonlinear systems, and on analytical solutions for the associated Fokker-Planck equation and the generalized Pontryagin equation. The governing equation of a quasi-nonlinear system is linear, but with one or more randomly varying coefficients. The techniques for finding exact probability solutions, approximate probability solutions, conditions for motion stability, and the failure probability and statistics of a system are discussed.     

A comparison of different estimators for the standard deviation of wind direction based on persistence

As the persistence of wind direction is a quantity which is often stored in meteorological datasets, it is quite appealing to search for a parametrization of the standard deviation of wind direction in terms of persistence. Five such parametrization schemes are presented here and compared to each other as well as to results from field data. Furthermore, the influence of introducing a lower threshold value for the wind speed in handling the raw data is analysed.     

一种通用的海洋环境监测系统设计方法

提出一种通用的海洋环境监测系统设计方法,将海洋环境监测系统分为采集层、数据层以及应用层三个层次,并分别描述了三层中采用的关键技术,采集程序结合配置工具可以灵活地实现多源异构数据的获取,数据库可以无更改地满足新的存储需求,基于功能模块库实现应用客户端的快速生成。该方法已应用在基于国际海洋标准IEEE P2402的监测系统开发中,通过不同的监测系统开发案例,展示了该方法的可行性及有效性。     

海域移动源溢油污染事件寻源搜索方法研究

本文建立了基于水动力学模型潮流场模拟、风场数据及其求逆耦合的海域溢油污染事件寻源搜索数学模型。以海域水动力学模型模拟溢油油膜发现时刻前该海域的潮流场,并建立潮流场数据库;收集并建立溢油油膜发现时刻前该海域风场数据库;建立风、流场逆向耦合的溢油寻源搜索数学模型,并通过与研究海域电子海图的幕景叠置,反向递推搜索海域溢油污染事件源。以广西防城港海域溢油污染事件为例,验证方法的有效性:文中建立的溢油寻源搜索方法数学模型,以水动力学模型数值模拟、风场数据及其求逆耦合为基础,保证了方法的可靠性;同时采用保持原油膜包络范围的方式又为海域溢油污染事件进一步的精确定位提供合理的搜索空间。     

农药残毒速测箱的研制和应用

近年来,因食用受农药严重污染的蔬菜水果而造成的急性中毒事故屡有发生.为了保障消费者健康,必须加强农药残留的检测.目前普遍使用的气相色谱法是一种较好的分离测试技术.但因耗费的时间长,不能及时得出结果,难以起到保护消费者健康的作用.因此,迫切需要解决快速检测的问题.文献[1],[2]报道了用化学显色试纸法测定蔬菜中六六六和DDT,但此法不能测定有机磷(OPs)和氨基甲酸酯类农药.美国1985年研制出一种称之为农药检测器(Detector)的酶片(Enzyme Ticket),用来检测水中OPs和氨基甲酸酯农药,其灵敏度在0.1—10ppm范围.在国内尚未见到有类似报道.     

海水热扩散研究进展与新问题分析

从实际的工程背景出发,较为详细地介绍了国内外关于热扩散问题的研究进展。还针对海水源热泵系统应用分析了当前研究存在的不足,指出了今后在该问题方面的研究方向。     

Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis

In order to keep subscribers up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of prenatal diagnosis. Each bibliography is divided into 17 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 General Interest; 3 Normal Fetal Development; 4 Gametogenesis and Pre-implantation Diagnosis; 5 First Trimester Diagnosis; 6 Second Trimester Diagnosis; 7 Fetal Diagnosis by Ultrasound and Other Imaging; 8 Maternal Screening; 9 Screening for Carriers of Genetic Abnormality; 10 Technological Developments; 11 Confined Placental Mosaicism and Uniparental Disomy; 12 Molecular Cytogenetics; 13 Fetal Cells in Maternal Circulation; 14 Fetal Therapy; 15 Psychosocial Aspects; 16 Epidemiology and Environmental Factors; 17 Developmental Pathology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted     

Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis

In order to keep subscribers up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of prenatal diagnosis. Each bibliography is divided into 17 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 General Interest; 3 Normal Fetal Development; 4 Gametogenesis and Pre-implantation Diagnosis; 5 First Trimester Diagnosis; 6 Second Trimester Diagnosis; 7 Fetal Diagnosis by Ultrasound and Other Imaging; 8 Maternal Screening; 9 Screening for Carriers of Genetic Abnormality; 10 Technological Developments; 11 Confined Placental Mosaicism and Uniparental Disomy; 12 Molecular Cytogenetics; 13 Fetal Cells in Maternal Circulation; 14 Fetal Therapy; 15 Psychosocial Aspects; 16 Epidemiology and Environmental Factors; 17 Developmental Pathology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted     

Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis

In order to keep subscribers up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of prenatal diagnosis. Each bibliography is divided into 17 sections: 1 Reviews; 2 General Interest; 3 Normal Fetal Development; 4 Gametogenesis and Pre-implantation Diagnosis; 5 First Trimester Diagnosis; 6 Second Trimester Diagnosis; 7 Fetal Diagnosis by Ultrasound and Other Imaging; 8 Maternal Screening; 9 Screening for Carriers of Genetic Abnormality; 10 Technological Developments; 11 Confined Placental Mosaicism and Uniparental Disomy; 12 Molecular Cytogenetics; 13 Fetal Cells in Maternal Circulation; 14 Fetal Therapy; 15 Psychosocial Aspects; 16 Epidemiology and Environmental Factors; 17 Developmental Pathology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted