四川盾叶薯蓣种植概况及产业化发展对策

在对四川省盾叶薯蓣生产基地和薯蓣皂素生产企业实地考察的基础上,分析了四川省大力发展盾叶薯蓣生产、建立盾叶薯蓣规范化种植基地的优势,并针对目前生产中客观存在的问题,提出了加速盾叶薯蓣综合利用、立体开发的产业化发展对策.     

浅论野生东北虎的保护现状及保护措施

从野生东北虎的生存现状出发,论述了保护野生东北虎的意义,根据造成目前东北虎濒危的原因总结出保护野生东北虎的8条建议,旨在为实施东北虎的有效保护提供依据。     

珍稀濒危植物保护政策初探

本文根据我国珍稀濒危植物的保护现状和管理工作中存在的问题,系统地探讨了加强我国珍稀濒危植物和野生植物资源保护的政策措施。文中提出一系列具体、有效的政策构思,以及建立政府有关主管部门对珍稀濒危植物协调管理的体制等。     

广西野生荔枝资源的研究价值及其保护对策

针对野生荔枝在广西的分布现状,结合荔枝优稀种质鉴定研究,论述了广西野生荔枝资源遗传多样性及其在育种应用上的科研价值,并就目前对广西野生荔枝资源保护利用的紧迫性,提出了开展全面普查、建立种质保存圃和原位保护区、加强种质创新应用的几点对策意见.     

云南药用植物种质资源的试管保存技术

本文介绍了植物种质资源试管保存的实验技术,分析了药用植物试管苗基因库建立及超低温保存的程序、特点,并研究了云南珍稀药用植物如千年健、粉叶小檗、金钗石斛及绞股蓝种质的试管保存技术,为云南省珍稀濒危药用植物的保护及合理利用提供了方法和依据     

四川省野生乌头资源调查研究

调查四川省野生乌头资源的分布、生态环境及蕴藏量,为四川省乌头种质资源的保护与持续利用提供科学依据.通过查阅文献和比对标本,对青川县、平武县、安县、布拖县、峨眉山市、马边县进行走访和样方调查.结果表明,四川地区野生乌头资源分布较广,北至青川县,南至布拖县,位于27°32'-32°31'N、102°17'-105°11'E,区域内低山至高山均有分布,且集中分布在海拔800-2800m的区域,但由于生态环境破坏严重,总蕴藏量仅为2975kg.建议采取措施保护野生乌头资源的生态环境,实现野生乌头资源的可持续开发利用.     

我国自然保护区工作的成就问题及对策

自然保护区是为了保护典型生态系统,拯救珍稀濒危野生生物物种,保存重要自然历史遗迹而依法建立和管理的特别区域。自然保护区能为人类提供生态系统的天然“本底”,是各类自然生态系统和野生生物物种的天然贮存库。自然保护区不仅是科学研究的基地,也是向广大公众进行自然保护宣传教育的理想场所。由于自然保护区对于保护自然环境、保护物种等自然资源和维护生态平衡具有重要意义,在国民经济建设和未来社会发展中具有战略地位,因此加强和发展自然保护区事业也是当前我国环境保     

东乡野生稻的发现、价值与保护

东乡野生稻是20世纪70年代发现的分布于我国最北的野生稻种。东乡野生稻具有抗寒、耐旱、耐瘠、抗病虫等多种优异抗性基因，价值十分珍贵，被誉为“野生植物大熊猫”、“比大熊猫更应得到保护的物种”。笔者在调查研究的基础上，筒述了东乡野生稻的发现；分析了东乡野生稻的价值，认为东乡野生稻的价值体现在4个方面——珍贵的农业文化遗产、优异的植物抗性基因、特有的水稻育种材料、难得的生态旅游资源；最后，指出了当前东乡野生稻濒危现状，提出了抢救、保护东乡野生稻的具体对策和措施。     

武当山盾叶薯蓣生态环境及其分布规律

通过调查,笔者基本摸清了武当山－带盾叶蓣的生态环境和分布规律。根据分析,叶薯预干片中皂甙配基含量为１．０５－６．８％,平均含量为３．１１％,由此证明武当山一带是我国盾叶薯蓣皂甙配基含量较高的产区。但株间和生态环境的差异与皂甙配基含量的高低有一定关系。     

九岭幕阜山濒危植物资源的分布及其保护

本文论述了九岭幕阜山珍稀濒危植物种质资源的地理分布、区系结构及其保护现状．经多年调查研究已知本区分布有第一批国家重点保护植物３２种，它们具有物种多样性、分布局限性、生态脆弱性、区系复杂性、成分待有性和起源古老性等特点．并在分析珍稀物种濒危原因的基础上，提出了珍稀濒危植物种质资源的保护对策．     

Forecast of the demand and supply plan of China’s uranium resources till 2030

This paper’s purpose is to predict China’s uranium resources demand from 2016 to 2030 based on experimental modeling. In addition, we discuss the future supply structure of China’s uranium resources by analyzing the domestic and foreign supply capacity of China’s uranium resources. According the forecast results, Chinese uranium resource demand will reach 21385 tU in 2030 under a medium scenario. Due to the poor endowment of uranium resources, China’s domestic uranium production will increase slowly. It can be calculated that the total demand of uranium resources in China during 2016–2030 will be 216581 tU, the cumulative production of domestic production will be 37900 tU, the overseas production will be 41950 tU, and the international market purchases will be 130574 tU. Hence, the cumulative degree of dependence on foreign resources is approximately 80%. China’s foreign dependence on uranium will be greater than for oil, and the situation will become extremely serious. Therefore, we put forward several suggestions to ensure the supply of China’s uranium resources: (1) strengthening mineral exploration and increasing domestic production, (2) actively operating the “going out” strategy, (3) enhancing the enterprise competition ability, and (4) establishing uranium resource reserves. By these means, China could efficiently guarantee the domestic uranium resource security and respond to the competition of India’s uranium resources demand increased.     

长白山区中国林蛙资源及其保护与增殖

中国林蛙主要产于我国的长白山区,具有较高的经济价值。本文根据近年来的生产实践和调查研究资料,着重介绍了吉林省长白山区的中国林蛙养殖生物学特征,提出了在该区的资源保护途径与增殖措施     

元素赋存状态的研究及其在矿产资源综合利用中的意义

元素赋存状态的研究是指研究元素在矿石中的存在状态，且尽可能对其进行定量研究的工作。目前元素赋存状态的研究手段很多，不同的矿山和企业可根据实际情况有选择地采用。我国是资源短缺型国家，元素赋存状态的研究是资源合理有效利用的关键，可以避免盲目开采对资源的浪费和经济上的损失。     

Assessment of the overall resource consumption of germanium wafer production for high concentration photovoltaics

The overall resource requirements for the production of germanium wafers for III–V multi-junction solar cells applied in concentrator photovoltaics have been assessed based on up to date process information. By employing the cumulative energy demand (CED) method and the cumulative exergy extraction from the natural environment (CEENE) method the following resources have been included in the assessment: fossil resources, nuclear resources, renewable resources, land resources, atmospheric resources, metal resources, mineral resources and water resources. The CED has been determined as 216 MJ and the CEENE has been determined as 258 MJ_ex. In addition partial energy and exergy payback times have been calculated for the base case, which entails the installation of the high concentration photovoltaics (HCPVs) in the Southwestern USA, resulting in payback times of around 4 days for the germanium wafer production. Due to applying concentration technology the germanium wafer accounts for only 3% of the overall resource consumption of an HCPV system. A scenario analysis on the electricity input to the wafer production and on the country of installation of the HCPV has been performed, showing the importance of these factors on the cumulative resource consumption of the wafer production and the partial payback times.     

Exploring changes in Ecuadorian land use for food production and their effects on natural resources

A model is used for the dynamic and spatially explicit exploration of near future agricultural land-use changes. In a case study for Ecuador, different plausible scenarios are formulated, taking into account possible developments in national food demand until the year 2010. The protection of nature parks and restrictions due to land degradation are evaluated with respect to their possible spatial impacts on the land-use change dynamics within the country. Under the assumptions of the demand scenarios, agricultural land-use expands significantly, resulting in more use of land in existing agricultural areas and frontier-type expansion into relatively undisturbed natural areas. The patterns of change depend on the increase in demand, competition between land-use types, changes in driving factors of land use, and the area and characteristics of land that is excluded from agricultural use. The modelled land-use dynamics are related to their possible impacts on the natural resource base, specifically soil fertility. The results indicate potential negative effects of land-use changes on the soil nutrient balance and biodiversity. It is argued that spatial and temporal quantification of land-use dynamics at the landscape level can support research and policies aimed at understanding the driving factors of land-use change and the behaviour of complex agro-ecosystems under changing conditions at different scales. In this way, issues dealing with sustainable food production and the management of the natural resource base can be addressed in a more integrated and quantitative manner.     

长薄鳅研究现状及保护对策

本文概述了长薄鳅研究现状及资源现状,分析了长薄鳅资源衰竭的原因,并结合研究现状,提出了加强渔业管理、合理调整禁渔制度、加大保护区建设、开展鱼类人工繁殖放流等保护对策。     

Accounting for the occupation of the marine environment as a natural resource in life cycle assessment: An exergy based approach

The human population is rising and the availability of terrestrial land and its resources are finite and, perhaps, not sufficient to deliver enough food, energy, materials and space. Thus, it is important to (further) explore and exploit the marine environment which covers no less than 71% of the earth's surface. The marine environment is very complex but can roughty be divided into two systems: natural (e.g. wild fishing) and human-made (e.g. artificial islands). In this study, characterization factors (CF) for natural and human-made marine systems were calculated in order to be able to assess the environmental impact of occupying marine surfaces, which was not possible so far in life cycle assessment. When accounting for natural resources while occupying one of these systems, it is important to consider the primary resources that are actually deprived from nature, which differs between the natural and human-made marine systems.In natural systems, the extracted biomass was accounted for through its exergy content, which is the maximum quantity of work that the system can execute in its environment. Reference flows for marine fish, seaweeds, crustaceans and mollusks were proposed and their correlated CF was calculated. For human-made systems, the deprived land resource is, in fact, the occupied area of the marine surface. Based on potential marine net primary production data (NPP), exergy based spatial and temporal CFs for ocean areal occupation were calculated. This approach was included in the Cumulative Exergy Extraction from the Natural Environment (CEENE) method which makes it the first life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) method capable of analyzing the environmental impact (and more specific the resource footprint) of marine areal occupation. Furthermore, the methodology was applied to two case studies: comparing resource consumption of on- and offshore oil production, and fish and soybean meal production for fish feed applications.     

攀西地区野生番石榴资源的开发利用

根据对四川省攀西地区野生番石榴资源的调查研究,本文论述了野生番石榴的生物学特征和分布、食用和药用价值、产量和经济效益等,并提出了开发利用和保护野生番石榴资源的建议     

曲阜孔林天敌生物资源的保护与利用

在对世界最大的人造园林之一———曲阜孔林中的天敌生物资源进行全面调查研究的基础上 ,进一步对其合理开发利用和保护进行了阐述。     

湖北恩施少数民族地区资源优势与产业发展战略

开发湖北恩施少数民族地区丰富的资源具有重要的意义.分析了恩施地区资源开发的优势和存在的问题,提出了产业发展战略,即发展恩施地区的生态旅游业和富硒绿色农产品,建立现代化的中药材生产基地,在发展中把资源优势转化为产品优势.