Correlates of career-oriented mentoring for early career managers and professionals

This study examines several different kinds of correlates of career-oriented mentoring experiences among early career managers and professionals. Survey data were collected from 416 respondents employed in a wide variety of jobs, organizations, and industries. The respondents averaged 30 years of age, and 28 per cent were women. Results indicated that younger, more work-involved respondents from higher socioeconomic origins received more career-oriented mentoring. In addition, managers received more mentoring than professionals, as did those who were higher in the organization hierarchy. While gender of the protégé was unrelated to the amount of career mentoring received, reasons are offered for this result. Various boundary conditions likely to affect mentoring processes are discussed and several directions are recommended for future research on mentoring.     

Bonding and supportive relationships among black professional women: Rituals of restoration

In two-day assessment workshops 71 black professional women explored the kinds of supportive relationships they have formed with significant black women friends and the consequences of these supportive relationships for their growth and development. Findings show two major types of supportive relationships: (1) other-oriented relationships, in which participants' bonds with other black women emphasize the provision of support to the other, and (2) self-enhancing relationships, in which participants' bonds with other black women are reciprocal in nature or are oriented toward self. Within these two types of relationships, three main functions of support were found: (1) social companionship, (2) task help, and (3) supportiveness. Of these three functions, the receipt of supportiveness consisting of emotional support, high commitment to one another, and encouragement to tackle life's obstacles resulted in the highest levels of growth and development among the participants, thus most effectively validating and addressing their experience of bicultural stress.     

安全文化建设在首钢大石河铁矿运用的体会

首钢大石河铁矿坚持“以人为本” ,大力加强“安全文化”建设 ,为职工的生命安全营造了绿色屏障     

中国海油应急救援队伍建设

海上石油及天然气生产是国际上公认的高风险行业。在海洋石油及天然气的生产过程中,由于生产平台面积狭小、人员集中、设施密集、远离陆地,一旦发生各类生产事故,外部救援极为困难。所以,海上油田生产过程中必须要有一支高效可靠的应急响应队伍,在突发事件发生时能够迅速启动,将生产安全事故消灭在初始状态,避免造成灾难性的后果。     

中国海油应急预案体系建设

海上石油作业是高风险作业,据《世界海上石油作业事故数据库》记载,从1970-1997年间,全球发生事故3431起,其中翻沉事故153起,死亡1285人,事故频率按1000平台年发生的次数计,在1970-1979年为9．38,1980-1997年为6．56,海难中的特大事故7起,其中包括在中国海域发生的2起。即1979年11月25日渤海2号钻井平台翻沉死亡72人;1983年10月25日发生在南海的爪哇海号（Javasea）钻井平台翻沉死亡81人。这两起事故主要原因均为缺乏在危急情况下的应急程序和应变能力。     

我国创建安全社区之路

“安全社区”的宗旨是联络社区内不同的组织、机构和人员,整合、利用社区内各类资源,开展不同内容和形式的安全促进活动。安全社区计划最早在北欧的瑞典及挪威推行,其后扩展至美洲、亚洲及澳洲等地。     

Explosions of carbon black and propane hybrid mixtures

Explosions of hybrid mixtures, i.e. mixtures containing more than one combustible phase, are not well understood. Most studies in this area involve mixtures of common dusts and gases, such as coal and methane, or polyethylene and ethylene. The present work focuses on explosions of carbon black particles, i.e. almost pure carbon with a very low content of volatiles: this makes the process of explosion less intense. However, addition of some quantities of combustible gases (here: propane) may sustain combustion processes. Another important issue is the fact that the carbon black particles are smaller in size than most dusts encountered in the process industry. The experiments were carried out in a 20-L explosion vessel and the analysis of the results focuses on the maximum explosion pressures and the maximum rates of pressure rise as a function of carbon black and propane concentrations. In addition, some samples of unburnt dust were collected and analysed with a scanning electron microscope and with thermo-gravimetric analysis.     

加拿大油田安全管理的经验与建议

加拿大建立了健全的政府能源管理机构,有完善的油气开发安全法规和标准体系。安全监督部门对石油天然气企业的监督检查表现为：确定重点监督检查企业,确保专业监督检查人员执法质量,加大监督检查处罚力度,促进安全管理水平的提高。油气企业安全管理与操作人员培训由专业培训机构承担,特别重视井控和防硫化氢培训,所有一线作业人员接受ENFORM的培训后,其上岗资格才为企业和安全环保监督部门认可。笔者就加拿大油田的开发安全管理经验,结合国内实际提出建议：应建立完善健全的安全生产数据库管理系统,为企业安全生产管理提供依据,健全事故上报制度;提高企业安全文化水平,营造良好的安全工作环境;加强承包商安全生产管理,共建甲乙双方和谐安全环境。     

城市生命线系统防灾备灾能力极待提高

1 引子 完善的城市生命线系统是城市安全的标志.因为,平时它必须满足城市气、热、水、电、信息、交通的充足供给,灾时它应成为保障城市防灾减灾及恢复的备用系统,所以城市生命线系统建设要以"安全为天".但纵观国内外城市诸多事故与灾害,城市生命线系统现状总是脆弱的.仅2005年5月下旬的时段中事故及酿灾隐患迭出:     

The structure of personal values: a conical representation of multiple life areas

The objective of the present study was to analyze the structure of personal values. Based on previous investigations, we proposed a multifaceted definition of values from various life areas (or domains). Structural hypotheses concerning the relationships between the definitional framework and empirical observations were formulated. Using data obtained from two samples of Israeli respondents (153 business students and 146 computer personnel), the hypotheses were examined and supported. Two basic sets of components: life areas (work, religion, culture, sports, politics, and life in general which primarily concerns home and family) and modalities (material, affective, and cognitive), were distinguished and confirmed by means of factor analysis and facet analysis. A three-dimensional conical representation of the personal values domain was revealed. The structural analysis reflected several differences among the attributes of life areas, such as the obligatory or optional nature of their activities. Theoretical implications as well as suggestions for further research are outlined.     

黑木耳废弃菌糠的热解及动力学分析

为有效利用黑木耳废弃菌糠,减轻废弃菌糠造成的环境污染,通过热重分析法(TGA)研究黑木耳废弃菌糠在热解过程中发生的物质变化,研究气体氛围、粒径和升温速率对菌糠热解特性的影响,并进行动力学分析.结果表明,菌糠的热解过程包括失水、微失重、快速热解和炭化四个阶段.气体氛围、粒径和升温速率对于黑木耳废弃菌糠热解试验均有影响:N2气氛下反应过程更加直接,活化能较低;粒径越小,失重速率越高,反应越充分;升温速率越低,活化能也越低.最终计算得出在N2气氛下升温速率10℃/min条件下,反应所需要的活化能E相对较小,为52.010 kJ/mol.     

诚信至上自律为先——2006年江西省"安全生产月"活动巡礼

2006年,在“安全发展,国泰民安”这一全国“安全生产月”活动主题下,江西省确定了具有本省区域性特色的主题——诚信自律,其核心理念是:诚信至上,自律为先。     

太钢推行项目安全管理五抓到位的经验

以某工程项目为例 ,介绍了在安全保证体系 ,规章制度 ,单项安全措施、方案 ,现场“二无”工地 ,安全检查监督 5个方面的具体做法     

活性黑对黄孢原毛平革菌锰过氧化物酶的影响

观察了活性黑KN-B(Reactive Rlack KN-B,RB KN-B)对黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)锰过氧化物酶(MnP)酶活力和菌丝超微结构的影响以及黄孢原毛平革菌对RB KN-B的降解.于P.chrysosporium培养液MnP酶活达最高前,分别加入质量浓度为50 mg/L,200 mg/L,350 mg/L和500 mg/L的RB KN-B.分光光度法检测培养液MnP酶活,电镜观察菌丝超微结构的影响,紫外-可见光谱法检测培养液中RB KN-B的降解.结果显示,1)与对照组相比,50 mg/L RBKN-B组的MnP酶活力增强,200 mg/L、350 mg/L和500 mg/L组的MnP酶活力均显著低于对照组;2)电镜观察显示,经RB KN-B作用后,菌丝细胞膜受损,细胞内含物减少,胞质浓缩,出现质壁分离现象,500mg/L组有大量细胞解体;3)紫外-可见光谱扫描显示,RB KN-B经黄孢原毛平革菌降解,可见光波段最大吸收峰由598 nm移至525 nm和556 nm,峰值减小,紫外波段的吸收峰由315 nm移至352 nm.结果显示,黄孢原毛平革菌对RB KN-B的反应类似机体对不良环境因子的应激反应,经历了诱导、抑制及衰退的过程;RB KN-B对黄孢原毛平革菌菌丝细胞超微结构的损伤随RB KN-B浓度增高而增强,表明RBKN-B对MnP酶活的抑制与黄孢原毛平革菌结构受损密切相关;黄孢原毛平革菌对RB KN-B具有一定的降解能力,其中MnP作为关键酶起了重要的作用.     

The organizational tenure — Job involvement relationship: A job-career experience explanation

Research on the job involvement-organizational tenure relationship has shown no consistent relationship, but recent job and career experience models suggest that a relationship should be found. Using data from three organizations (n = 216), polynomial regression analysis revealed a curvilinear job involvement-organizational tenure relationship. This finding is discussed with reference to changes in workplace sensemaking that occur as work experience is accumulated.     

The effects of attitude,subjective norm and self-efficacy on intention to benchmark: a comparison between managers with experience and no experience in benchmarking

Competitive benchmarking is a management technique used to compare company performance. The practices and processes of one's own organization are compared with the best performance of other organizations to set targets and learn ways to make improvements. Drawing on Ajzen's (1985) theory of planned behaviour, we examined the effects of attitude, subjective norm and self-efficacy on managers' intentions to undertake benchmarking in their organization. A sample of 49 managers with benchmarking experience was compared with 46 managers with no experience of the practice. Consistent with the theory of planned behaviour, attitude and subjective norm were significant predictors of intention to benchmark. However, contrary to the theory, self-efficacy was not a significant predictor. For managers with benchmarking experience, attitudinal beliefs toward the technique was the strongest predictor of benchmarking intention. For managers with no benchmarking experience, normative beliefs about the views of key groups such as senior management and employees, was the strongest predictor of intention to benchmark. These findings support the possibilities of refinement of the theory of planned behaviour to postulate the primacy of subjective norms in introduction of group behaviour and attitude primacy in continuation of group behaviour. The findings are also discussed in relation to beliefs about benchmarking and for preparing managers who are about to introduce or continue a benchmarking programme.     

发达国家实施GHS情况及对我国的启示

本文研究了全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS）在日本、欧盟、美国和加拿大的实施情况,总结分析了这些发达国家在实施GHS过程中采取的做法。结合发达国家实施GHS的做法,为我国实施GHS提出建议：建立GHS各部门协调委员会;进行我国现有制度与GHS的差距分析,评估相关法规范围内实施GHS的可行性;编写实施GHS的指南文件;合理利用“积木式做法”;编制GHS统一分类目录。     

The deterrent effect of increasing fixed penalties for traffic offences: the Norwegian experience

PROBLEM: Many motorized countries use fixed penalties to deter the most common traffic violations. Fixed penalties are usually given at the spot by a police officer. If the offender accepts the fixed penalty, no court hearing or trial is held. During the years 1995-2004, the rates for fixed penalties for traffic offences in Norway increased substantially. This paper evaluates the effects on compliance of these increases. METHOD: Regression analysis was performed to determine the effects of increases in fixed penalties. RESULTS: For speeding in general, no effect of increasing fixed penalties can be found. For speeding close to speed camera sites, there is a weak tendency for the violation rate to go down. This tendency is not statistically significant at conventional levels. For seat belt wearing, wearing rates are found to increase as fixed penalties have increased. In recent years, however, enforcement of the seat belt law has stepped up, making it impossible to separate the effect of enforcement from that of fixed penalties. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: It has been suggested that the police may adapt to stricter penalties by reducing enforcement or by adopting larger tolerance margins for violations. Available evidence does not support this hypothesis.