Prenatal detection of non-cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma

The most prevalent soft tissue tumour in children is rhabdomyosarcoma. These tumours may develop within or outside of muscle anywhere in the body and at any age. We report what is apparently the earliest case of non-cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma detected prenatally.     

Oral teratoma (epignathus) with intracranial extension: A report of two cases

Epignathi are unusual congenital tumours presenting as oropharyngeal masses, often resulting in rapid asphyxia following birth. Occasionally, intracranial extension of the tumour is present, and two such cases are described. The presence of this complication, diagnosable by ultrasound examination, indicates that aggressive surgical treatment is inappropriate.     

Prenatal diagnosis of familial tuberous sclerosis following detection of cardiac rhabdomyoma by ultrasound

The authors report a case of tuberous sclerosis (TS), diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, which was suspected by the detection of intracardiac tumours and confirmed by the family investigation. Cardiac rhabdomyomata can be visualized early on echography and must suggest this diagnosis. The place of genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis in TS is examined.     

A large retinoblastoma detected in a fetus at 21 weeks of gestation

The facial tumour described here is the first reported case of a large retinoblastoma detected early in pregnancy and adds another item to the differential diagnosis of facial tumours visualized by prenatal ultrasound examination. Ultrasound examination of the fetal eyes can be offered in cases of retinoblastomas where prenatal DNA diagnosis is otherwise impossible.     

Role of prenatal detection of cardiac tumours in the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis—report of two cases

Tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant disease with variable expression. Little is known about the intrauterine course of the disease and the fetal age at which specific abnormalities may be detected. The role of prenatal detection of cardiac tumours in the diagnosis of two fetuses at 28 and 32 weeks' gestation based on fetal echocardiography is discussed. The prenatal and postnatal course of the disease is described.     

Angiogenesis factors in gliomas: a new key to tumour therapy?

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is required for the growth and expansion of tumours. Gliomas, the most common brain tumours, are particularly highly vascularized and, therefore, serve as a model to elucidate the process of tumour angiogenesis and to investigate new anti-angiogenic therapies. This review describes the role of angiogenic factors in glioma angiogenesis and new strategies to inhibit glioma growth by application of anti-angiogenic substances. We focus on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but also examine the role of angiopoietin and pleiotropic factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), pleiotrophin and transforming growth factor- (TFG-). Strategies to inhibit glioma growth by reducing the action of angiogenic factors, by the application of anti-angiogenic substances such as angiostatin or endostatin, or inactivation of endothelial cells, are discussed. These new anti-angiogenic therapies appear to have a high potential not only for the treatment of gliomas, but also of other tumours.     

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal glioblastoma multiforme

Intracerebral tumours of the fetus are very rare conditions, most often presenting clinically as polyhydramnios and hydrocephalus. These conditions can be diagnosed with ultrasound and clearly differentiated from hydrocephalus and other intracranial lesions. The following report is of a case of an intracerebral tumour (glioblastoma multiforme) diagnosed at 33 weeks in utero using ultrasound. The prognosis for this condition is universally poor.     

白地霉菌（Geotrichum candidum Link）C3菌株安全性的实验研究

对白地霉C_3菌株的致癌性进行了实验,并进行了与其有关的人畜流行病学调查和工人的肿瘤普查,对其致病性和合理使用方面进行了进一步的研究。结果表明,白地霉C_3菌无致癌或致病作用,同时发现抽提了核酸后的白地霉菌可作为饲料。     

In utero development of a mediastinal teratoma: A second-trimester event

Mediastinal teratomas have rarely been discovered during the prenatal period. When seen during the neonatal period, these tumours have caused respiratory distress or hydrops fetalis. We present the sonographic and pathological findings of a rapidly developing anterior mediastinal teratoma causing hydrops fetalis and in utero demise at 27 weeks' gestation.     

Antenatal manifestation of congenital pancreatoblastoma in a fetus with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

An Erratum has been published for this article in Prenatal Diagnosis 23(9) 2003, 771 Antenatal detection of an isolated abdominal cyst was found to be a pancreatoblastoma in a female fetus with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. Prenatal and post-natal features and management of this very rare tumour are discussed. Molecular investigation disclosed a mosaic paternal 11p15 uniparental disomy in the tumoral cells. The prognosis of a congenital pancreatoblastoma is good if complete surgical excision is achieved. However, the association with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome requires a prolonged follow-up because of the increased risk of developing malignant tumours. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Prenatal diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. Use of magnetic resonance imaging and its implications for prognosis

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a high rate of de novo mutation. The real difficulty is to ascertain the diagnosis and to give the neurological prognosis in each case. Prenatal diagnosis of TS is generally based on ultrasonographic signs of multiple cardiac tumours, i.e. rhabdomyomas. Recent progress in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the diagnosis in a large proportion of cases based on typical brain lesions. It may have a role in the prenatal management of TS, although MRI images seem to underestimate the anatomical findings. Two cases in which TS was diagnosed prenatally are presented with reference to the value of MRI in the prenatal management and comparison with anatomical findings.     

Prenatal diagnosis of a craniopharyngioma using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

We report an infant with a craniopharyngioma which was detected in utero. Maternal uterine ultrasonography, done at 27 weeks because of polyhydramnios, revealed a 4 cm midline mass near the base of the fetal skull. At 31 weeks, magnetic resonance imaging of the maternal abdomen confirmed the presence of a mass in the region of the third ventricle and revealed hydrocephalus. Two days post-partum a computed tomography (CT)-guided needle biopsy of the mass was performed and recovered tissue which was histologically consistent with a craniopharyngioma. The infant' s postnatal period was complicated by seizures, which were treated with phenobarbital, and by progressive hydrocephalus, necessitating placement of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. He also received therapy for central hypothyroidism and diabetes insipidus. The infant' s parents refused permission for attempted resection of the tumour and he died at 8 weeks of age. This represents the second reported case of an antenatally detected craniopharyngioma. Four other cases of different intracranial tumours have been detected in utero using ultrasound, with no reported survivors past 3 days of age. There is a uniformly poor prognosis of such infants, but earlier diagnosis and intervention may change this result.     

Prenatal interventions for fetal lung lesions

The widespread availability of high resolution ultrasound equipment and almost universal routine anatomy scanning in all pregnant women in the developed world has lead to increased detection of abnormalities in the fetal thorax. Already in the 1980s, large pleural effusions and significant macrocystic lesions in the fetus were easily detected on ultrasound. However, smaller lung tumours were often missed. Nowadays, fetal medicine centres receive many referrals for evaluation of fetal lung lesions, of which the most common are congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and bronchopulmonary sequestration. Almost invariably, both the parents and the referring physicians experience anxiety after detection of large lung masses in the fetus. However, the vast majority of the currently detected fetal lung lesions have an excellent prognosis without the need for prenatal intervention. In the small group of fetuses in which the prognosis is poor, almost exclusively those with concomitant fetal hydrops and cardiac failure, several options for fetal therapy exist, often with a more than 50% survival rate. Indications, techniques, complications and outcomes of these interventions will be described in this review. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Electromagnetic irradiation exposure and its bioindication – An overview

Man made electromagnetic irradiation and fields cover now the globe due to the recent extensive propagation of mobile telephony. The increased load affects animals and also plants. Especially birds have been studied. Humans are also sensitive. They are good bioindicators as epidemiological methods are available. Humans can also report symptoms which cannot be directly measured with presently available technologies. The nonionizing irradiation can as the ionizing one break the DNA, damage proteins, even increase the blood brain barrier permeability, disturb the night rest, cause fatigue and hormonal disturbances. An increase of the tumours of human head has been described in correlation with the long term mobile phone use and on that side more exposed. The regulations covering mobile telephony are already about two decades old and need re-evaluation. The multitude of irradiation and the interaction of the different wavelength exposures, i.e., frequency sensitivity is poorly known at present. We should not forget the comparative studies of different species especially those which rely in their lives on electromagnetic orientation physiology. Some countries have issued warnings on the exposures of children. The producers of mobile technology have recently warned the users not to keep those devices in active stage in skin contact.     

吉阳核电厂址气象铁塔塔层风频规律及风速分布拟合研究

通过安徽吉阳核电厂址气象塔观测系统获取观测数据,研究了该地区的风频规律性,并按南沿江流、北沿江流对塔层风速分布进行幂函数近似拟合,估算了地表粗糙度。结果表明：本区主导风向多集中在偏东北风上,而且频率很高,次主导风向则略有差异;塔层风廓线分布基本符合幂函数关系,由廓线求出的n指数推荐值为：A类0.165,B类0.167,C类0.192,D类0.313,E类0.406,F类0.463;南沿江流方向的地表粗糙度为1.547 063 m,北沿江流方向的地表粗糙度为1.738 45 m。     

铝型材碱洗废液再生工艺研究

铝型材表面处理工艺中产生大量碱洗废液，如不能有效回收，会造成严重环境污染与资源浪费。本文针对含有“长寿碱蚀剂”的废液提出了生石灰处理工艺，此工艺简单，效果好，完全可以实现工业化生产。同时，该法原料价格低廉易得，实现闭路循环，可以达到良好的社会效益与经济效益。     

武汉水果湖水质特征变化研究

为探索城市湖泊受人类活动影响水质变化规律,以武汉水果湖为例,于2012年5月至2013年4月选取水果湖有代表性的6个采样点,对总磷、总氮、COD水质指标进行监测,采用综合污染指数法对水质现状进行评价,并分析了其变化与气象因素的关系。结果表明:水果湖总磷浓度在8月份较高,最高达到2 mg/L,总磷变化与同期月平均气温和日照在整体变化趋势上较为一致;总氮浓度在4月和1月份最高达3 mg/L,全年呈波浪起伏状,且总氮含量与同期风速有一定的相关关系;COD浓度在5~7月最高达85 mg/L。整体各月水质情况4~8月水质为劣Ⅴ类,1月和11月Ⅴ类,其余月份为Ⅳ类。从空间情况看与东湖连通之处水质相对较好,为Ⅴ类,与沙湖连通处为劣Ⅴ类。     

新型低造价小钻头冷挤压工艺的研究

根据该新型钻头的特点 ,分析了采用机加工方法成形时存在的问题 ,明确指出冷挤压方法才是其可行的成形工艺 ,研究了其整个制造工艺流程。特别对其冷挤压工艺进行了深入研究。     

荒漠生态系统服务功能及其价值研究

荒漠生态系统是整个生物圈中分布较广的一个系统，是陆地生态系统中的一个重要的子系统，对这一广大区域的生态系统服务功能的正确认识，是经济发展和生态环境建设的重要依据。本文从生态系统服务功能的角度归纳了荒漠生态系统类型以及荒漠生态系统服务功能，主要有旅游服务、涵养水分和水源、保持水土、净化水体和空气、营养元素循环、物质生产、污染物降解、有机质、截留降水、涵养水分、土壤C的积累、农田生态系统服务、单位面积及区域生态系统服务价值等，以及评价荒漠生态系统服务功能价值的模型和方法。为正确评价荒漠生态系统服务功能提供依据。     

荒漠生态系统服务功能及其价值研究

荒漠生态系统是整个生物明中分布较广的一个系统,是陆地生态系统中的一个重要的子系统,对这一广大区域的生态系统服务功能的正确认识,是经济发展和生态环境建设的重要依据.本文从生态系统服务功能的角度归纳了荒漠生态系统类型以及荒漠生态系统服务功能,主要有旅游服务、涵养水分和水源、保持水土、净化水体和空气、营养元素循环、物质生产、污染物降解、有机质、截留降水、涵养水分、土壤C的积累、农田生态系统服务、单位面积及区域生态系统服务价值等,以及评价荒漠生态系统服务功能价值的模型和方法,为正确评价荒漠生态系统服务功能提供依据.