粘胶化纤厂废气治理试验

采用ＴＦ－ＴＡ工艺治理粘胶化纤厂废气。先以ＴＦ脱硫液选择脱除ＨＺＳ,再以ＴＡ液体脱除ＣＳ２。Ｈ２Ｓ脱除和再生能一步完成,脱除率９８％以上,其表达ηＨ２ｓ＝９９．５＋４．７１×１０－４ｘ－３．６８×１０－７ｘ２。ＣＳ２脱除率在气液比２００—３００时达８０％─９０％,其表达式：ηＣＳ２＝９８．９－１．３２×１０－３ｘ—２．００×１０－４ｘ２。文中还讨论了粘胶化纤厂废气总体治理意见。     

Split notochord syndrome variant: prenatal findings and neonatal management

Spilt notochord syndrome is an extremely rare form of spinal dysraphism characterized by a complete cleft of the spine and a persistent communication between endoderm and ectoderm. A variant of split notochord syndrome was diagnosed in a 25-week-old fetus showing a prolapsed congenital colostomy and a spinal cystic lesion. The final diagnosis included protruding colon segment, imperforate anus with a rectourethral fistula and lipomyelomeningocele. The ultrasound features of the condition and the post-natal management are discussed. The neonate was successfully treated with a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, while the lipomyelomeningocele was resected at a later stage. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

载银TiO2半导体催化剂降解染料水溶液的研究

以新型载银ＴｉＯ２为催化剂,采用高压汞灯为光源对染料水溶液进行光催化降解。实验结果表明：采用ＴｉＯ２催化剂使直接耐酸大红（３５ｍｇ／Ｌ）、直接耐晒翠蓝（５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）和直接黑（５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）染料溶液脱至无色的时间分别为３５ｍｉｎ、６０ｍｉｎ及６０ｍｉｎ,而采用载银ＴｉＯ２催化剂,上述染料溶液脱至无色的时间分别为２０ｍｉｎ、３０ｍｉｎ及２０ｍｉｎ。探讨了ｐＨ、光强、催化剂用量及灼烧温度等对催化降解的     

螺旋型垂直筛板布气的喷射鼓泡脱硫除尘塔的研制和性能

研制了一种中试规模的螺旋型垂直筛板布气的喷射鼓泡脱硫除尘装置,具有螺旋型布气、环流布气、气动搅拌等特点.装置中特有的螺旋型气室是由两块按阿基米德螺线设计的垂直筛板围成,有结构简单紧凑、开孔面积大、不容易堵塞、气速稳定等优点.对中试规模装置进行了压降和湿法脱硫除尘实验.结果表明:空塔与喷射鼓泡运行时装置各部分压降随气量增加而增加,喷射鼓泡运行中控制"临界液位差"约170mm,当气量为1856m.3h-1时,塔总压降为3.37kPa;脱硫效率随鼓泡层高度和气动搅拌器旋转速度的增加而升高;当石灰石浆液浓度上升时,pH升高,有效脱硫时间延长;pH是控制装置脱硫效率的关键,pH=5.35时脱硫效率可达70%,pH为6～7时脱硫效率保持在80%以上;当烟气中含尘浓度大于304mg.m-3时(粉尘粒径小于50μm),除尘效率可达91%以上;该装置脱硫、除尘效率高,塔体高度较低,结构紧凑,具有很好的应用前景.     

钢铁厂铁鳞、铁红基本物性及还原性研究

对钢铁厂铁鳞、铁红的基本物化性能和还原性能进行了研究。结果表明：粒度较粗、全铁较高铁鳞的还原性较好，适于作为优质海绵铁的原料。粒度极细、全铁高且杂质含量很低的铁红还原性也较好，适于作还原铁粉生产的原料。     

南京北郊春季气溶胶吸湿性分析

大气气溶胶的吸湿性对气溶胶粒子的谱分布、云凝结核形成、气候强迫、人体健康等均有重要的影响.利用吸湿性串联差分迁移率分析仪(HTDMA)在2014年4月16日~5月21日对南京北郊的大气气溶胶吸湿特性进行观测.30~230 nm气溶胶粒子在90%相对湿度下的吸湿增长观测结果表明,气溶胶粒子的吸湿增长因子平均概率分布函数(GF-PDF)呈现明显的双峰分布,即一个占主导地位的强吸湿模态,和一个相对较小但仍很明显的弱吸湿模态.对吸湿性的日夜对比分析发现,整体上白天的气溶胶粒子吸湿性大于夜间气溶胶粒子,白天强吸湿模态的粒子数目比例高于夜间,夜间气溶胶粒子的外混合程度更高.利用HYSPLIT模式对气溶胶来源分析结果表明,观测期间南京北郊主要受到3类气团的影响.其中西北大陆气团背景下爱根核模态粒子在经过大陆的长距离输送过程后,老化程度较高,吸湿性也更强.而对于积聚模态粒子,则为来自东方气团的粒子吸湿性更强,强吸湿模态粒子数目比例也较高.局地气团背景下气溶胶粒子在各粒径段都具有较高的强吸湿比例.     

清江水布垭水库水环境容量计算

结合清江水布垭库区水文监测资料,水功能区划,采用相关的水环境容量计算模型,测算了清江水布垭库区的理论水环境容量,进而计算了其有效水环境容量,结果表明：清江流域水布垭库区的理论水环境容量分别为：COD58782．8t／a,NH3-N1598．8t／a,TN2763．5t／a,TP1381．8t／a。有效水环境容量分别为：COD45715．4t／a,NH3-N1359t／a,TP2349t／a,TN1174．5t／a。     

用氟污染桑叶饲养蚕对干茧和丝质量影响的研究

研究表明,桑叶氟污染较重时,干茧和丝的质量受到危害,茧层重、粒茧量和公升茧粒等6项指标均显示干茧质量明显下降;在14项丝质量指标中除清洁度和强伸力外,均有明显氟危害影响.     

石羊河流域1959年至2008年风速变化特征分析

利用线性拟合、Mann—Kendall方法、小波分析对石羊河流域五个测站空间平均的近50年来的逐日风速资料进行了倾向、周期、突变等特性分析。研究结果表明：1959年至2008年间,整个石羊河流域风速呈减小趋势,变化率约为-0．004m／（s．a）．而上游风速呈现明显的上升趋势。四个季节中冬季风速降低速度最大,而夏季风速呈现上升趋势。风速的长期变化还具有一定的突变性,年平均风速在1988年出现了由高到低的突变,表明风速开始下降。复值Morlet小波分析的结果显示,风速变化存在6a、13a、19a、25a四个峰值。其中19a的时间尺度为第一主周期。     

Emissions and Atmospheric CO2 Stabilization: Long-Term Limits and Paths

The objective of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations is often envisioned as a monotonic approach to higher constant concentrations. For CO₂ to approach a constant concentration over a finite time, CO₂ emissions must peak and then gradually approach zero over 1,000+ years, regardless of the concentration level. While this intellectual architecture has proved useful, we suggest consideration of a broader range of scenarios, including ones in which net emissions decline to zero over a finite period of time resulting in a maximum CO₂ concentration followed by a long-term decline to a lower level. Carbon cycle model results illustrate these scenarios.     

无污泥小型生活污水处理与回用系统

采用两级接触厌氧滤池加两级接触好氧滤池可加砂慢滤加快滤工艺流程及新型填料,对居民小区生活污水的处理进行了研究,此法不排除污泥,ＢＯＤ去除率９１．７％,ＣＯＤ去除率８８．９％,ＳＳ去除率９１．１％,总Ｐ去除率达４３．５％。     

灰色理论在预测鱼田堡煤矿矿井涌水量中的应用

煤矿地下水动态的预测预报始终存在着计算过程复杂、计算量大、且难以兼顾影响矿井充水的各种因素、精度较低的特点;灰色系统理论则具有高度的概括性、简单的计算过程和极佳的预测精度,因此在工程界得到了广泛的应用。本文采用灰色系统理论,以灰色理论GM（1,1）模型为基础对重庆鱼田堡煤矿矿井涌水量进行预测。结果表明,该方法在预测矿井涌水量中是一种简便而有效的好方法。根据涌水量预测结果,为矿井设计排水方案的最优化选择提供科学依据。     

QUICKScan as a quick and participatory methodology for problem identification and scoping in policy processes

Policy making is required in cases in which a public good needs to be either maintained or created, and private or civil initiatives cannot deal alone with this. Policy making thus starts with a phase of problem identification and determining whether there is a problem that needs to be dealt with. Rapidly evolving contexts exert influence on policy makers who have to take decisions much faster and more accurately than in the past, also facing greater complexity. There is a need for a method that lowers the lead time of the exploratory phase of the policy cycle. At the same time the method should create a joint understanding of the most important interactions. This paper proposes QUICKScan, a method, process and spatially explicit tool, to jointly scope policy problems in a participatory setting, investigate the most important interactions and feedbacks and assesses the state of knowledge and data of relevance to the problem. QUICKScan uses strongly moderated participatory workshops bringing together a wide range of stakeholders relevant to the policy issue. These moderated workshops jointly build an expert system in a spatially explicit tool using functionality of bayesian belief networks, python programming, simple map algebra and knowledge matrices, with a strong focus on visualization of results. QUICKScan has been applied in 70 different applications in a range of different policy contexts, stakeholders and physical locations. Through these applications participants were able to internalize the knowledge that was usually handed to them in briefs and reports, to develop a joint understanding of the main interactions and their link to impacts and to develop a problem statement and solution space in a reduced lead time. Ultimately, QUICKScan demonstrates another role of science, not solely as a knowledge production, but also facilitating the knowledge consumption.     

Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in peroxynitrite/Fe(Ⅲ) porphyrin system

The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Through the comparison of three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins, we found that the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system showed the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B[a]P. We analyzed the B[a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B[a]P induced by peroxynitrite.     

云南寻甸中全新世降温事件的石笋同位素记录

通过对寻甸仙人洞X1石笋进行高精度的TIMS-U系测年和碳、氧同位素分析,建立了寻甸地区8000aB.P.以来高分辨率的古气候变化时间序列。研究结果表明,寻甸地区8000aB.P.以来石笋记录的古气候环境变化,大致可分为3个气候期:中全新世8000—5560aB.P.为气候适宜期,显示印度季风由强盛逐渐减弱的趋势,气候温暖湿润期,与太阳辐射增强引起的北半球季风环流加强有关;中全新世中晚期5560—4400aB.P.为季风转变期,显示印度季风减弱并快速退出、萎缩,东亚冬季风加强并快速推进,太阳辐射强度减弱,气候为干冷期;中全新世晚期4400—2000aB.P.,显示东亚冬季风逐渐减弱,东亚夏季风有所增加,气温有所回升,但气候变化的波动大。研究还表明,全新世以来石笋记录的气候变化非常不稳定,在千年尺度上表现为台阶状,在短尺度———百年尺度上呈锯齿状波动。石笋记录的突发性气候波动事件,与冰芯记录极为相似,反映低纬度地区石笋记录的季风气候与高纬度及北极地区的气候具有极好的相关性,这对于认识现代气候系统变化以及对未来十年、百年尺度的气候预测具有重要的科学意义。     

川中丘陵区典型土地利用方式下磷素迁移的初步研究

通过野外定位观测,对川中丘陵区坡耕地、水田与林地地表径流水中磷素迁移形态、迁移通量进行了初步研究。结果表明,坡耕地、林地磷素迁移以颗粒吸附态为主,水田磷素迁移以水溶性磷为主,所有土地利用类型径流中总磷含量已超过水体富营养化的标准。坡耕地、水田和林地地表径流水中磷迁移的通量分别为0.88 kg/(hm2.a),0.15 kg/(hm2.a)与0.33 kg/(hm2.a)。     

不同碳源对生物反硝化的影响

在悬浮污泥系统中,当ｐＨ、温度适宜,碳源无限制并采用单一类碳源时,反硝化速率和耗碳速率动力学呈零级反应。混合挥发性脂肪酸碳源的反硝化速率比组成它的单一脂肪酸的反硝化速率高。挥发性脂肪酸中,乙酸的反硝化速率最高。挥发酸的反硝化速率比相应的醇类为高。本文还讨论了降低反硝化系统碳源消耗、减少处理成本的方法。     

基于二维湖泊藻类模型的洪泽湖藻类空间动态模拟

将洪泽湖分为北、东、西3区,基于二维湖泊藻类模型构建洪泽湖藻类空间动态模型.利用水文、气象、水质数据初始化模型、设定边界条件,并用2012年逐月叶绿素a实测浓度校正模型参数,模拟出洪泽湖2012年叶绿素a浓度连续变化过程.从时间维度看,叶绿素a浓度变化多呈“双峰型”趋势,分别在4月和8月左右出现峰值;湖心和出湖口站点呈单峰型或无明显峰值;颜圩站点出现多个浓度峰值.从空间维度看,西区叶绿素a平均浓度最低且空间差异不明显;北区因湖水流动性差,浓度分布均匀,且靠近湖岸地区浓度较高;东区叶绿素a浓度受过水通道影响较大,空间差异显著.虽然受大型浅水湖泊模拟不确定性等因素影响,个别点位模拟误差偏高,但不会影响整体分析结果,模拟结果具有较高可信度.     

Maternal sex chromosome mosaicism diagnosed by amniocentesis and percutaneous umbilical cord sampling

We present a remarkable chain of events in which percutaneous umbilical cord sampling was performed in an attempt to clarify a situation of possible fetal sex chromosome mosaicism in an amniotic fluid culture and led to the discovery that the mother herself had a 45,X/46,XX/ 47.XXX chromosome constitution. This may have simply represented the chance concurrence of pseudo-mosaicism in the amniotic fluid culture of a woman with an abnormal sex chromosome constitution, but it is also possible that the 45,X colony was maternal in origin. Although clearly a most unusual circumstance, the possibility should be kept in mind when termination of a pregnancy is being considered because of apparent mosaicism in a prenatal diagnostic study.     

Prenatal diagnosis of a 45,X male with a SRY-bearing chromosome 21

Male phenotype associated with a 45,X karyotype is an infrequent finding. We present a case diagnosed prenatally on amniocentesis performed for maternal age. The male phenotype was associated with a translocation of a distal part of Yp including the pseudoautosomal SHOX gene and SRY gene on the short arm of a chromosome 21. By DNA analysis we could show that the X chromosome was of maternal origin and that the breakpoint was in interval 3 of the Y chromosome. Mechanisms and genetic counselling are discussed based on a review of published cases of 45,X and XX males. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.