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化工园区污水处理厂污水处理工艺研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文针对睢宁县桃岚化工园区污水的水质特点,对化工废水污水处理工艺进行了研究及应用,采用改进型的具有生物脱氮除磷功能的二级强化生物处理工艺,确保了园区污水处理厂出水满足城镇污水处理厂污水排放一级A标准。 相似文献
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本文就污水除磷脱氮的方法进行了比较和经济技术分析。化学法在工艺上并不比生物法简单,而且运行费用及产泥量都很高,但其除磷效果优于现行的生物法;而对生物法活性污泥糖类物质进行控制则可从根本上解决生物法除磷效果不可靠的问题。因此糖控制技术使生物法成为一个经济高效的技术。 相似文献
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连续流生物脱氮除磷工艺的发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文结合生物脱氮除磷之间的矛盾介绍了连续流脱氮除磷工艺的革新与发展,同时对欧洲出现的可持续处理工艺—反硝化除磷,分别从单、双污泥进行了讨论。 相似文献
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随着工农业生产的发展,人口的增长,人类赖以生存的水资源正在遭到多种来源的污染。废水对水资源的污染已引起人们极大的关注,特别是作为生物体重要营养元素的氮磷,随污水进入水体以后产生种种严重危害,而目前更普遍的是,氮磷等营养物质进入水体会引发水体富营养化问题。水体措。工艺要求宁国市污水处理厂进水水质BOD5/COD=0.51、BOD5/TN>3~5、BOD5/TP=60,可以采用生物法对污水进行脱氮除磷处理。污水处理生物脱氮除磷工艺的选择应根据设计进水水质、处理程度要求、工程规模等多因素进行综合考虑,选择合适的污水处理脱氮除磷工艺,不仅可以降低工程投资,且有利于污水处理厂的运行管理以及减少污水处理厂的常年运行费用,保证出厂水水质。要求提高污水处理脱氮除磷程度,对NH3-N、TP去除率要求分别达到68%和50%以上,因此,对污水处理脱氮除磷工艺的选择应十分慎重。本工程的污水处理脱氮除磷技改工艺选择充分考虑污水量和污水水质以及经济条件和管理水平,优先选用技术先进、安全可靠、低能耗、低投入、少占地和操作管理方便的成熟处理工艺。工艺方案比较(一)A/A/O法A/A/O法即厌氧-缺氧-好氧活性污泥法。污水在流经三个不同功能分区的过程中,在不同微生物菌群作用下,使污水中的有机物、氮和磷得到去除。本工艺在系统上是最简单的同步除磷脱氮工艺,总水力停留时间小于其他同类工艺,在厌氧(缺氧)、好氧交替运行的条件下可抑制丝状菌繁殖,克服污泥膨胀,SVI值一般小于100,有利于处理后污水与污泥的分离,运行中在厌氧和缺氧段内只需轻缓搅拌,运行费用低。由于厌氧、缺氧和好氧三个区严格分开,有利于不同微生物菌群的繁殖生长,因此脱氮除磷效果非常好。目前,该法在国内外使用较为广泛。(二)UCT工艺为了解决回流污泥中过多的硝酸盐对厌氧放磷的影响,产生了UCT工艺。与A2/O法相比,UCT工艺不同之处在于污泥先回流至缺氧池,而不是厌氧池,再将缺氧池部分混合液回流至厌氧池,从而减少了回流污泥中硝酸盐对厌氧放磷的影响。但是UCT工艺增加了一次回流,多一次提升,运行费用将增加。(三)氧化沟法氧化沟工艺是上世纪50年代初期发展起来的一种污水处理工艺形式,是传统活性污泥工艺的一种变形。传统的Carrousel氧化沟不具备除磷功能,但在沟前增设厌氧池,便具备生物脱氮除磷功能。Orbal氧化沟的特点是对三个沟道的溶解氧浓度进行控制,使其在不同的阶段下运行,对外沟要求的低溶解氧很难控制,脱氮效果不理想。(四)AB法AB法是一种生物吸附-降解两段活性污泥法,A段负荷高,曝气时间短,仅0.5h左右,污泥负荷高达2~6kgBOD5/kgMLSS.d,B段污泥负荷较低,为0.15~0.30kg-BOD5/kgMLSS.d。该法对有机物、氮和磷都有一定的去除率,适用于处理浓度较高、水质水量变化较大的污水,通常要求进水BOD5≥250mg/L,AB法才有明显的优势。本工程设计进水BOD5为180mg/L,采用AB法显然不太合适。(五)传统SBR法其反应是在同一容器中进行。在同一容器中进水时形成厌氧(此时不曝气)、缺氧,而后停止进水,开始曝气充氧,完成脱氮除磷过程,并在同一容器中沉淀,再通过撇水器出水,完成一个程序。这种方法,总容积利用率低,一般小于50%,因此适用于较小污水量场合。(六)CAST法CAST工艺脱氮除磷的原理为:除磷是靠厌氧捕捉选择区(预反应区)和曝气反应区(主反应区)完成。硝化和反硝化在主反应区完成。(七)Unitank法Unitank工艺,又称单池系统,是SBR法的另一种形式,由三个矩形池组成,三个池水力相通,每个池内均设有供氧设备,在外边两侧矩形池设有固定出水堰和剩余污泥排放口。连续分池进水,具有脱氮除磷效果。其优点是不需回流、无二沉池、布置紧凑、占地面积小。但由于无专门的厌氧区,因此生物除磷效果差。其总的容积利用率为67%。 相似文献
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光致抗蚀剂乳化废水中有机物GC/MS分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用分析仪分析了电子工业光致抗蚀剂乳化废水中的有机化合物成份,测定了该废水中各种有机污染物的含量。分析结果表明:电子工业中光致抗蚀剂乳化废水的主要成份为有机酸类、醛类、酯类、胺类、芳香酮类、酸酐类、砜类、聚醚类、醇类、芳香烃类、杂环类十一大类有机化合物,其中聚丙二醇类、脂肪酸类、丁烯酸类、苯甲酸类、苯甲酸胺、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类和噻吩类约占总有机碳含量的95%以上。有机污染物的分析测定对此类废水的处理工艺的研究具有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
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M. Madhava Rao D.H.K. Kumar ReddyPadala Venkateswarlu K. Seshaiah 《Journal of environmental management》2009
Removal of mercury from aqueous solutions using activated carbon prepared from Ceiba pentandra hulls, Phaseolus aureus hulls and Cicer arietinum waste was investigated. The influence of various parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dose for the removal of mercury was studied using a batch process. The experiments demonstrated that the adsorption process corresponds to the pseudo-second-order-kinetic models and the equilibrium adsorption data fit the Freundlich isotherm model well. The prepared adsorbents ACCPH, ACPAH and ACCAW had removal capacities of 25.88 mg/g, 23.66 mg/g and 22.88 mg/g, respectively, at an initial Hg(II) concentration of 40 mg/L. The order of Hg(II) removal capacities of these three adsorbents was ACCPH > ACPAH > ACCAW. The adsorption behavior of the activated carbon is explained on the basis of its chemical nature. The feasibility of regeneration of spent activated carbon adsorbents for recovery of Hg(II) and reuse of the adsorbent was determined using HCl solution. 相似文献
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对两个采用不同T型氧化沟工艺的城市污水处理厂的工艺、除磷脱氮的效果进行了分析,提出T型氧化沟工艺在大型城市污水处理厂仍有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Soybean [ (L.) Merr.] stalk-based carbons were prepared by phosphoric acid activation at different carbonization temperatures. Characteristics of the prepared carbon, including specific surface area, iodine number, and amount of methylene blue sorption, were determined. Experiments on phenanthrene, naphthalene, and acenaphthene, as representatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), removal from aqueous solution by the prepared carbon were conducted at different levels of carbon addition. The results indicated that the specific surface area, iodine number, and amount of methylene blue sorption increased with an increase of carbonization temperature. The maximum values were observed at 700°C and were 287.63 m g, 508.99 mg g, and 90.14 mg g, respectively. The removal efficiencies of phenanthrene, naphthalene, and acenaphthene tended to increase with increasing carbon amounts and carbonization temperature. The optimal removal performance was obtained under the experimental conditions of carbon concentrations of 0.04 g 32 mL and carbonization temperature of 700°C, and the removal efficiencies of phenanthrene, naphthalene, and acenaphthene were 99.89, 100, and 95.64%, respectively. The performance of the prepared carbon was superior to that of commercial activated carbon. Additionally, for the same carbon concentrations, the removal efficiency of PAHs on prepared carbons followed the order: phenanthrene > naphthalene > acenaphthene. Results obtained from this work provide some insight into the reuse of an agricultural residue, and also provide a new application for the treatment of PAHs in contaminated water utilizing activated carbon prepared from agricultural residues. 相似文献
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通过程序升温反应考察活性炭负载铈(Ce/AC)催化剂选择性催化还原NO的性能。探讨反应温度、空速、NO初始浓度、O2浓度、NH3浓度以及SO2的存在对其催化性能的影响。实验结果表明,催化剂的催化活性随温度的上升而逐渐增加,在150℃后趋于平稳,NO转化率接近100%;NO进口浓度的增加,催化剂对NO的脱除效率有较小幅度下降;在没有氧气的存在时,NO的转化率只有20%左右,随着氧气的加入,转化率明显增加,当氧含量到1%以后,NO的转化率趋于平缓,稳定在90%以上;SO2对催化剂有很强的毒性,烟气中加入SO2后,催化剂对NO的去除率明显的下降。 相似文献
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Maynard K. Jones Ernest M. Jennelle 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1972,8(2):312-319
Within a few years all domestic wastewater effluents in the United States will be subjected to a minimum of a properly operated primary and secondary treatment process. This implies a very high degree of removal of the more readily biologically degradable material as measured by the BOD test. This practice will to a large degree negate the value of the BOD test as a pollution parameter. Organic carbon appears to be a more suitable means for determining the strength of a wastewater or for controlling the operation of physical and chemical treatment processes. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of time of passage on the ratio of organic carbon to BOD, COD and carbohydrate. The ratio was found to vary with both time and the state of the sample. The carbon content was reduced to a lesser degree than the other parameters. Organic carbon content appears to correlate better with COD than with BOD. The efficiency of a chemical precipitation process can be determined on the basis of organic carbon removal. 相似文献