碱法麦草造纸制浆黑液资源化治理污染效果探析

碱法麦草造纸制浆黑液资源化治理污染效果探析ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔＥｆｆｅｃｔｔｏｗａｒｄｓＢｌａｃｋＦｌｕｉｄＦｒｏｍＡｌｋａｌｉ－ＷａｙｏｆＰａｐｅｒＭａｋｉｎｇ张君吉碱法麦草制...     

电子废弃物资源化技术现状

随着电子废弃物数量的日益增加和对电子废弃物资源化利用要求的提高,电子废弃物经历了由堆存到资源化利用的发展过程.目前电子废弃物资源化技术主要包括物理处理法、化学处理法和热处理法等方法,实现电子废弃物的资源化.     

回收副产物的钠碱法脱硫技术

目前国内相当一部分中小型锅炉都采用单一的钠碱法工艺脱硫,脱硫副产物抛弃处理,没有得到回收利用,严重浪费资源。钠碱法脱硫可回收亚硫酸钠、焦亚硫酸钠、硫酸钠等,其中亚硫酸钠、焦亚硫酸钠的市场价值较高,回收副产物的钠碱法脱硫法是值得推广的一种有价值的脱硫方法。文章叙述了钠碱法回收涉及到脱硫工艺过程的控制、结晶等。     

粉煤灰在重金属废水处理中的应用

粉煤灰是一种可再资源化的工业固体废弃物。利用粉煤灰对重金属废水进行处理可谓是一种以废治废、变废为宝、实现废物综合利用的有效途径。综述了粉煤灰吸附法在重金属废水处理中的国内外研究现状,展望了该方法的应用前景。     

建筑垃圾分选与资源化利用工艺设计研究

建筑垃圾量逐年增长,其对环境危害越来越严重,提高建筑垃圾处置技术水平和资源化利用率势在必行。阐述了我国建筑垃圾的类型、成分特性、再生资源化产品种类与用途、分选工艺、资源化再生利用工艺系统,预测了建筑垃圾成分复杂程度的未来演化趋势,并对不同类型建筑垃圾组分复杂程度、分选与资源化难度和资源化利用优先次序进行了排序,对“除土+三破三筛+风选除杂”分选工艺和混凝土砌块生产系统进行了详细描述,为制定建筑垃圾资源化利用方案提供了技术借鉴与参考。     

上海餐厨垃圾的资源化利用

介绍并比较了上海餐厨垃圾资源化开发利用的三种处置方式,并提出了相应的配套政策思考。     

含油污泥生物稳定的研究进展

生物法处理含油污泥,已经成为国内外石油化行业的研究热点。本文综述了含油污泥的来源、生物稳定化原理,介绍了生物稳定的主要研究技术和应用进展,指出利用生物方法对含油污泥实现无害化和资源化,具有处理效果好、运行费用低、可资源化利用、不产生二次污染等优点,是国内外含油污泥处理处置的发展趋势。     

氧化镁法脱硫三循环超低排放工艺及副产品回收

本文分析了我国氧化镁法脱硫技术中副产品回收的问题,回顾了我国氧化镁脱硫技术的发展历程,提出采用三循环超低排放工艺和催化氧化提浓硫酸镁技术、烟气浓缩和降温结晶技术,在实现超低排放的同时,可有效回收副产品,实现资源化利用。     

废液焚烧炉的研究进展

焚烧法是目前实现废液减量化无害化和资源化的有效处理方法,焚烧炉的设计与选择对于处理效果有着至关重要的影响。本文重点介绍了目前国内外三种常见的废液处理焚烧炉的特性及其发展趋势,在此基础上尝试对目前使用的各种焚烧炉运行中的关键问题进行了探讨。     

复合氧化混凝工艺处理印染废水的研究

本文介绍了复合氧化混凝法处理印染废水及其污泥资源化、减量化的研究。     

A Semianalytical Solution for Residual Drawdown at a Finite Diameter Well in a Confined Aquifer

After the end of pumping the water level in the observation well starts to recover and the reduced drawdown during the recovery period is named as the residual drawdown. Traditional approaches in analyzing the data of residual drawdown for estimating the aquifer hydraulic parameters are mostly based on the application of superposition principle and Theis equation. In addition, the effect of wellbore storage is commonly ignored in the evaluation even if the test well has a finite diameter. In this article, we develop a mathematical model for describing the residual drawdown with considering the wellbore storage effect and the existing drawdown distribution produced by the pumping part of the test. The Laplace‐domain solution of the model is derived using the Laplace transform technique and the time‐domain result is inverted based on the Stehfest algorithm. This new solution shows that the residual drawdown associated with the boundary and initial conditions are related to the well drawdown and the aquifer drawdown, respectively. The well residual drawdown will be overestimated by the Theis residual drawdown solution in the early recovery part if neglecting the wellbore storage. On the other hand, the Theis residual drawdown solution can be used to approximate the present residual drawdown solution in the late recovery part of the test.     

区域环评中产业定位调整建议的探讨

本文以山东省两个经济开发区区域环评为例,分析了各开发区在资源和环境方面的优劣势条件,论证了各开发区规划产业定位的合理性,探讨了开发区产业定位合理性评价的指标体系、调整原则、思路、方法,提出了各开发区产业定位的调整建议,并论证了调整后产业定位的合理性,促进了开发区的可持续发展。     

海上溢油下潜过程特征的实验考察

海上溢油行为的研究是预测其归宿、控制其危害的关键所在。由于目前对溢油下潜于水时所受多因素影响、经历多个子过程的综合效应不清,文章用挡板烧瓶模拟波浪,考察其行为特征。结果表明:波浪类型对下潜率影响最大,破碎波和规则波下油的下潜率差异可达79.8%;上浮过程的影响可使得下潜率随时间出现最大值,随分散剂含量的增加有最大值。对比静置中下潜率的变化规律,可认为波浪通过夹带和破碎作用使油下潜,分散剂则增加了下潜稳定性。实验结果可对海面溢油下潜过程的预测提供理论依据和实验数据。     

连云港埒子口海域潮动力特征及其变化

为研究连云港埒子口海域潮流动力特征及其对周边海岸工程的响应,以及为治理埒子口闸下淤积问题提供参考,建立了基于有限体积法离散二维浅水方程的数值模型。采用实测水文资料对模型率定和验证,应用模型分析埒子口潮流动力特征和建设徐圩港防波堤和灌河口导堤后埒子口海域潮流动力的变化。模拟结果表明,建设工程后潮流动力变化较大,埒子口海域涨急流和落急流方向改变,涨、落潮平均流速均减小,距离工程区域越近,流速变化越大。埒子口海域潮流动力减弱将会加重上游挡潮闸的闸下淤积问题,致使埒子口排水不畅,进而增加沂北地区的洪涝风险,所以,相关部门应及时采取措施,保证埒子口排涝畅通。     

The Indus Irrigation System,Natural Resources,and Community Occupational Quality in the Delta Region of Pakistan

This study examines the impact of an elaborated irrigation system on the natural resources and society in the deltaic part of the Indus River in Pakistan. Time series information was collected to analyze the ecological and natural resource dynamics, and their impacts on the structure and quality of the occupations of the people in the Indus delta during pre- and post-irrigation system development periods. The information was collected through literature review, reconnaissance, structured questionnaire survey, focus group discussions, and interviews. The findings revealed that the expansion of the irrigation system and the resulting reduction in the downstream flow had their differential impacts on the various segments of downstream ecology and society. Some of the resources, for example the agricultural mudflats have been adversely affected due to the accelerated seawater intrusion that severely impinged on the paddy farms. On the other natural resources like mangroves, the impacts had been both negative and positive. On one hand, the diversity of the mangroves species had deteriorated while on other hand, the mangroves have benefited from such development because of the alleviated pressure of camel grazing as a result of the occupational change on the part of the camel herders. Furthermore, changes in the hydrological regimes had forced the paddy farmers and camel herders to switch to fishing as an alternative source of employment and income. Considering that currently about 87% people are already engaged primarily in marine fishery, this scenario is threatening the sustainability of the fishery resources as well as the livelihoods of all, the traditional and converted fishermen. The findings of the study are therefore meant to advocate the different treatments which should be accorded to the various segments of the downstream ecology and society during the planning of any remedial irrigation projects in order to mitigate the adverse impacts of the previous irrigation development strategies and of any water resources development to be carried out in the future.     

壳聚糖对酸性染料的吸附性能

在不同的壳聚糖浓度、pH和温度条件下，采用分光光度法测得吸附后的染料浓度，得到了壳聚糖对酸性染料的最佳吸附条件，即在固定染料浓度和体积的情况下，壳聚糖的投入量在500mg、pH值为6、温度为室温、吸附时间为2h左右条件下吸附最佳，其结果将为利用壳聚糖处理印染废水提供一定的理论根据。     

农村商品流通网络模型及其发展趋势

农村商品流通是影响农业发展和农民消费的直接因素，完善农村商品流通网络对开拓农村市场，增加农民收入，发展农村经济具有推动作用。首先论述了农村商品流通网络的内涵；其次提出了基于主导要素的3种农村商品流通网络模型，即交易市场主导型、企业组织主导型和流通技术主导型，并对网络主体及其关系等方面进行了分析；最后提出了农村商品流通网络的发展趋势及其相应对策。     

环境资源价值分析

现代社会经济的发展离不开环境资源,但是人们在发展经济的过程中往往又忽视了人与环境的协调发展。在可持续发展战略普遍被各国人们所接爱今天,我们应该从最基本的问题入手来分析与环境的协调发展问题。本文从环境资源有无价值出发,进而分析、比较了商品与环境资源的价值问题。在此基础上通过分析社会经济发展与环境资源的关系提出了环境资源的正价值和负价值,然后又进一步分析了环境资源正价值和负价值社会经济的关系。最后文章提出了环境资源价值与持续发展战略及相关研究的关系。     

论长江经济带大气污染防治的若干问题与防治对策

长江经济带是世界上最大的内河产业带和制造业基地,建设长江经济带是新时期中国三大国家发展战略之一,积极、有效地保护长江经济带生态环境具有非常重要的战略意义。本研究从识别突出的大气污染防治问题入手,深入分析大气污染的主要驱动力产业与能源结构,以问题为靶向,提出长江经济带的大气污染防治策略。研究结果发现,占国土面积21%的长江经济带排放了全国34%的二氧化硫、32%的氮氧化物、28%的烟粉尘、44%的挥发性有机物、43%的氨,单位面积污染物排放强度是全国平均水平的1.3~2.1倍,污染物排放远超环境容量。长江经济带126个城市中,6项主要大气污染物年平均浓度全部达标的城市比例不到1/3。颗粒物是影响城市达标的主要污染物。长江经济带产业结构偏重和能源消费以煤为主,是造成大气污染排放量的主要源头,是大气污染的主要驱动力。以解决突出的大气环境问题为核心,将环境质量作为大气污染防治的底线,持续推进空气质量改善,重点措施上,从大气污染驱动力着手,提出优化产业与能源结构、深化多污染物协同控制、推进区域联防联控等大气污染防治对策建议。     

A critical approach to environmental psychology in Italy

The historical and cultural situation in which environmental psychology has developed in Italy is described. Although this field raises great interest in scientific circles, it has not reached the same stage of development as in other countries. The causes of this include the following: the distrust of idealistic philosophy, the complexity of theoretical approaches and the scepticism from the long-established tradition of Italian culture, the growing bureaucracy of the Italian university system, the network of economic and political interests behind the environmental issue.Some theoretical implications attributed to this disciplinary choice are then outlined: the character of applied science, the references to the field, the lack of compatibility with behaviourist and materialistic schools, the risks of public participation, and the inclination towards idealism and reformism.Finally, a short survey is made of the most intensively studied areas of research: the image of the city, the subjective quality of the environment, hazard perception, the development of environmental cognition in the child, the images of unknown lands in historical documents, and the psycho-social and anthropological implications of environmental perception.