Brief Analysis of the Risk of Urban Water Disaster

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｉｔｙ，ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓａｐｌａｃｅｗｉｔｈｍｏｓｔｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ，ａｃｔｓａｓｔｈｅｐｏｌｉｔｉｃａｌ，ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｎｄｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｃｅｎ－ｔｅｒ．Ｏｎｃｅｈｉｔｂｙｗａｔｅｒｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒ，ｔｈｅｃｉｔｙｗｉｌｌｃａｕｓｅｈｅａｖｙｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｌｏｓｓ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ，ｉｔ＇ｓｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｔｏｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｂｅｔｔｅｒｔｈｅｕｒｂａｎｗａｔｅｒｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒａｎｄｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｔｈｅｓｅｎｓｅｏｆｉｔｓｄａ…     

Major Flood Disasters in the History of the Yangtze River

Ｔｈｅｆｌｏｏｄｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｉｎ１９３１．ＩｎＪｕｌｙ１９３１，ｔｈｅｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｒｅａｃｈｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＹａｎｇｔｚｅＲｉｖｅｒｗａｓｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎｔｗｉｃｅｔｈｅｐｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｓａｍｅｐｅｒｉｏ...     

The International Seminar Convened in Beijing on the Promulgation and the Implementation of“Natural Disaster Reduction Plan of the People's Republic of China”

ＴｈｅＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｅｍｉｎａｒＣｏｎｖｅｎｅｄｉｎＢｅｉｊｉｎｇｏｎｔｈｅＰｒｏｍｕｌｇａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅＩｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆ＂ＮａｔｕｒａｌＤｉｓ┐ａｓｔｅｒＲｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＰｌａｎｏｆｔｈｅＰｅｏｐｌｅ＇ｓＲｅｐ...     

The Origin of Downstream Drain age of the Yellow River

Ｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｏｆｗａｔｅｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄａｓ＂ｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆｌｉｆｅ＂，＂ｔｈｅｌｉｆｅｂｌｏｏｄｏｆｃｒｅａｔｕｒｅｓ＂ａｎｄ＂ｔｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒｏｆｈｕｍａｎｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ＂．Ｓｉｎｃｅａｎｃｉ...     

A Summary Account of the Natural Disaster Situations in the First Half of 1997 in China

Inthefirsthalfof1997,therehadbeendifferentkindsofnaturalcalamitiesstrikingseveralpartsofChinasuchasdisastersofsnow,earthquake,drought,windandhail,raingust,floodsandwaterlogging,andicerun.ClosingJune30,thepopulationaffectedbyvariouskindsofdisastersreachedasmanyas76.72millionpeopleand39.84millionpeopleweredirectvictimsofthesedisasters.1,119peoplediedand24,000peoplewereinjured.Apopulationof630,000wasbesiegedbyfloods;809,000housesweredestroyed;26.7millionhaofcropsweredamagedand890,000peoplehadtobe…     

Disaster Reduction in the Last Decade by the Ministry of Health

The Ministry of Health has been an active participant in the activities of the International Decadefor Natural Disaster Reduction.Following the assignment of the Government,the Ministry hastaken the responsibility of conducting disaster relief and disease prevention in cooperation withdepartments concerned,and effectively prevented the happening and spreading of major epidemicdiseases whenever the country suffered a catastrophic natural disaster.It has secured the healthand safety of the pe…     

Analysis and Prediction of the Causesto the 1998 Flood in China

１ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅＤｉｓａｓｔｒｏｕｓＦｌｏｏｄａｎｄＳｔｏｒｍＳｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｉｎＭＡＬＲＯＹＲ，１９９８１．１ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅＤｉｓａｓｔｒｏｕｓＳｔｏｒｍＳｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＲｅａｃｈｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＹａｎｇｔｚｅＲｉｖｅｒｉｎ１９９８ＡｄｉｓａｓｔｒｏｕｓｆｌｏｏｄｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅａｎｄｌｏｗｅｒｒｅａｃｈｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＹａｎｇｔｚｅＲｉｖｅｒ（ＭＡＬＲＯＹＲ）ｉｎ１９９８．ＢｙＡｕｇｕｓｔ２０，ｈｉｇｈｆｌｏｏｄｗａｔｅｒｌｅｖｅｌｈａ…     

The Death of Humanitarianism?: An Anatomy of the Attack

Over recent years, the humanitarian community has been under increasing scrutiny and attracted harsh criticism. This mounting critique of humanitarianism has shifted from being concerned primarily with the poor functioning of the humanitarian system to one targeted on basic humanitarian values. This paper is concerned to understand the factors driving the attack on humanitarian values. It identifies four apparently disparate groups who are interested in attacking these values: the anti-imperialists, the realpolitikers, the developmentalists and the neo-peaceniks. It concludes that unless humanitarian actors are aware of these diverse threats to their values and operations, they risk being co-opted or marginalised.     

Declaration of the Potsdam Early Warning Conference

ＴｈｅＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＩＤＮＤＲＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＥａｒｌｙＷａｒｎｉｎｇＳｙｓｔｅｍｓｆｏｒｔｈｅＲｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＮａｔｕｒａｌＤｉｓａｓｔｅｒｓｗａｓｈｅｌｄａｔｔｈｅＧｅｏＦｏｒｓｃｈｕｎｇｓＺｅｎｔｒｕｍｉｎＰｏｔｓｄａ...     

Summary Account of Natural Disaster Situationsfor the First Quarter of 1997

Duringthistime,snowdisaster,earthquake,drought,stormandfloodsmainlyoccurredinChina.Thedisasterscausedthedeathof68personsandinjuriesof594.Asmanyas246,oooroomscolIapsed.Damagesdidto6.2millionhaofcrops.Thedirecteconomiclossestotalled1.73billionyuanRMB.Xinjiang,Yunnan,Henan,ChongqingandGansuareamongtheseprovinceswithgreatlosses.Thedisasterssharedthefollowingfeatures:(1)variouskindsofnaturaldisasters,inparticularearthquakeandsnowdisasters;(2)theconcentrationofdisasteraffectedregion.Earthquakem…     

Continue to blame it on the rain? Conceptualization of drought and failure of food systems in the Greater Horn of Africa

Food insecurity continues to be prevalent in parts of Africa. In December 2015, there were approximately 21.6 million food insecure people in the Horn and East Africa. Climate change is likely to exacerbate current volatility of agricultural production and lead to further food insecurity. Whilst the academic literature has acknowledged the complexity of food insecurity and systems, it is not clear to what extent this has been translated into practice. We argue that there is a tendency to explain complex failures of food systems as ‘droughts’, with insufficient attention paid to other drivers. We analyse humanitarian documents and climate outlook statements in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia and assess how these are reflected in the humanitarian responses to food insecurity in the region by analysing the financing of humanitarian operations. Our findings indicate that the continued evolution in understanding the complex causes of food insecurity and attempts to move away from emergency relief to a more sophisticated approach has not translated into an observable change in humanitarian responses. The reasons behind this persistence of short-term relief, which is being justified with reference to climatic factors, mainly drought, would warrant further research into the decision-making process that triggers humanitarian responses.

List of abbreviations: ACF: Action Contre le Faim; DCM: Drought Cycle Management; DEC: Disaster Emergency Committee; ECHO: European Commission Humanitarian Office; EU: European Union; EWS: Early Warning System; FAO: Food and Agricultural Organization; FEWSNET: Famine Early Warning System Network; FSNAU: Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit; FTS: Financial Tracking Service; GHACOF: Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forum; GIEWS: Global Information and Early Warning System; IASC: Inter Agency Standing Committee; ICPAC: IGAD Climate Application and Prediction Centre; IFRC: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; IGAD: Inter-Governmental Authority on Development; IPCC: International Panel for Climate Change; LEWS: Livestock Early Warning System; ODI: Overseas Development Initiative; PASDEP: Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to Eradicate Poverty; PSNP: Productive Safety Net Programme; UNDRO: United Nations Disaster Relief Office; UNISDR: United Nations International; UN OCHA: United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs; USAID: United States Agency for International Development; WFP: World Food Programme     

On the Forest Vegetation Role in the Flood Control in Light of the Severest Floods in the Yangtze River Valley

１ＤｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＦｏｒｅｓｔＶｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎＩｓｔｈｅＭａｊｏｒＣａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅＳｅｖｅｒｅｓｔＦｌｏｏｄｓｏｆ１９９８ＰｒｅｍｉｅｒＺｈｕＲｏｎｇｊｉｓａｉｄａｔａｎｉｎｔｅｒｖｉｅｗｗｉｔｈＭａＹｏｎｇｓｈｕｎ，ａｎｏｌｄｍｏｄｅｌｗｏｒｋｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙ，＂Ｔｈｉｓｙｅａｒ，ｔｈｅｓｅｖｅｒｅｓｔｆｌｏｏｄｓｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｂｏｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｔｈａｎｄｎｏｒｔｈｏｆｏｕｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｙ．Ｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｉｓｎａｔ…     

Strategic Orientation and Basic Exploration Thinking of the Western Development of China

1 Western development strategy is nationwide. The Western development strategy is initiated from the general goal, the overall arrangement and the general strategic deployment of the nation's development. The followings are included: (1) the initiative factors of the western development strategy are: a tremendous economic growth in the eastern and coastal area of China; an unprecedented development of the national abilities on investment and independent growth; the widening gap between the ea…     

Strengthen the City's Ability of Disaster Prevention and Reduction in the Urbanization Process

Since1990's,thecontinueddevelopmentstrategyhasbeenacceptedgraduallybythewholeworld.Theconceptthat"thedevelopmentshouldnotonlymeettheneedsofpeopletoday,butalsoshouldnotconstituteathreattomeetingtheabilityofdemandsofthefuturegenerations"acontinueddevelopmentconceptwillbecomeoneofthebasicconceptsthatwillleapoverthecen-tury.Thestrategyofpromotingourcountrybyscienceandeducationandthecontinueddevelop-mentstrategyaretwobigstrategiesofcountry'sdevelopmentwhichareformulatedintheninthfive-year-planandth…     

Speech at the Seventh Plenary Session of CNCIDNDR

Comrades:Justnow,CornradeFanBaojunpresentedanexplanationonrelevantissuesregardingNaturalDisasterReductlonPlanofPeople'sRepublicofChina.MemberspresenthaveputforwardverygoodsuggestionsandcommentsabouttheimplementationandprefectofthePlan.WehaveagreedunanimouslysubmittherevisedPlantotheStateCouncilforfinalapproval.WecansaynowthatwiththeconcertedeffortsofalImemberorganizationsofCNCIDNDR,wehavecompletedtherevlewofthePlan.Now,IwouldliketomakesomecommentsonirnplementingthePlan.1ToRaisetheA…     

A Brief Introduction of Natural Disasters in the First Half of Year 1998

Ｔｈｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｈａｄｓｕｆｅｒｅｄｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｎａｔｕｒａｌｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｓｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｈａｌｆｏｆｙｅａｒ１９９８，ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｓｎｏｗｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｓ，ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓ，ｈａｉｌｓｔｏｒｍｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｓ，ｓａ...     

Flooding and the ‘new normal’: what is the role of gender in experiences of post-disaster ontological security?

Disaster researchers have long analysed disruption to affected residents' ontological security, often represented by routines and familiar landmarks. Surprisingly little of this work, though, assesses who is most likely to experience feelings of disruption. Using a representative set of survey data, complemented by follow-up interview data from 40 residents affected by the Southern Alberta Flood of June 2013, this paper explores how demographic characteristics, such as gender and place attachment, impact on residents' sense of disruption and loss. The findings indicate that women and people with stronger emotional and social ties to their neighbourhoods are most likely to experience disrupted ontological security; home flooding and evacuation orders are also significant predictors. The qualitative interview data reveal that many participants felt unsettled and disrupted by myriad factors, such as ongoing construction, which prevented them from establishing a ‘new normal’. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for policymakers and service providers.     

The Setting-up of the Synthetical Database for Disaster Reduction

ＴｈｅｒｉｓｅａｎｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＩＤＮＤＲｉｎｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｉｓｕｎｄｏｕｂｔｅｄｌｙａｇｒｅａｔｐｕｓｈｔｏｔｈｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｎａｔ－ｕｒａｌｄｉｓａｓｔｅｒｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｖａｒｉｏｕｓｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓ．Ｉｔｃａｌｓｐｅ...     

The Water Resource in the Middle of Shaanxi Province

ＴｈｅＷａｔｅｒＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｉｎｔｈｅＭｉｄｄｌｅｏｆＳｈａａｎｘｉＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅＺｈａｎｇＲｕｈｅ（ＳｈａａｎｘｉＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕ，Ｘｉ＇ａｎ７１００００）ＳｈａａｎｘｉＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅｉｓａｎｉｎｌａｎｄｐｒｏｖｉｎ...     

The Brief Introduction to the Center of Disaster Reduction,Chinese Academy of Sciences

TheCenterofDisasterReduction,ChineseAcademyofSciencesisestablishedonSeptember14,1995.Itisanunionofoverfortyinstituteswhichareengagedinthestudyfordisasterreduction.Theaimsare:bymakingfulluseoftheadvantagesofdisasterreductioninCASsuchasmultiplesbjects,richadvdncedtechnologyandstrongcomprehensiveresearchtheory,activelypartakingintheplanofscientificfieldfordisasterreductionandtheformulationoffcorrespondingpriorityproject;assistingCNCIDNDRandsomenationaldepartmentstocarryoutandformulatenatio…