对我国农业废弃物资源化利用的思考

对我国农业废弃物的资源化利用状况进行了综述分析与探讨,指出当前我国在农业废弃物利用方面尚存在诸多问题,包括农业废弃物产生量巨大且总量不清、农业废弃物粗放低效利用且闲置状况严重、农业废弃物利用技术与产业化水平滞后,以及农业废弃物利用相关的政策法规与社会化服务体系不健全等问题,同时,总结指出了我国农业废弃物资源化利用的几个发展方向,即向能源化、肥料化、饲料化、材料化、基质化和生态化发展.在此基础上提出了我国农业废弃物资源化发展的对策措施,包括:(1)建立与健全农业废弃物资源化利用与无害化处理相关的政策法规;(2)结合新农村建设,加大资金扶持力度,加强农业废弃物利用的基础设施建设;(3)加快推动农业废弃物资源化利用的产业化进程,大力发展循环经济;(4)鼓励和推动农业废弃物资源化利用技术的创新研究、示范与推广工作.     

河南省农业生态环境分析与生态建设

河南省是一个农业大省,其农业的可持续发展与否,对我国的农业发展有着重要影响。在广泛、深入调查的基础上,分析了河南省农业生态环境存在的主要问题,结合农业生态建设的指导思想及目标,提出了河南省农业生态建设的４大对策。     

信息农业及其对全球变化的响应

信息农业是现阶段信息技术发展的一个新型产业,该文阐述了信息农业发展的必要性以及信息农业的构成要素和内容,分析了未来与农业生态系统有关的全球变化研究,并提出了我国发展信息农业的战略设想。     

第八讲 农业生态工程与我国农业现代化

近些年来,国内外在为石油农业寻找出路而开展的“替代农业”研究中,特别是在我国传统有机农业经验基础上所开展的各种综合农业研究,取得了丰硕的成果,积累了丰富的经验。只有在系统地研究自然界物质运动形态发展的历史、人类社会物质生产形态发展的历史与自然科学学科发展的历史,系统地研究我国和世界农业发展的历史与人类农业知识发展的历史,系统地研究农业工业化的历史与农业现代化的现状,系统地研究现代科学与现代农业科学的全部成果的基础上,将所有这些新鲜成果和经验结合起来加以综合研究,才能为我国农业现代化跳过石油农业阶段走直接实现综合化的道路,提供系统的而不是零散的知识,选择成套的而不是单一的技术。     

海峡两岸碳汇农业研究与交易平台建设的思考与对策——以闽台农业碳汇交易中心规划研究为例

在全球气候变化的大背景下,发展低碳经济已经成为全球性共识;同时作为发展低碳经济前沿领域的碳交易市场也得以迅速发展。本文简要综述了我国农业碳汇交易研究和碳交易市场发展的现状及其存在的问题,分析了在福建建立海峡两岸农业碳汇交易平台的政策机遇和区域优势,提出了构建闽台农业碳汇交易中心的规划设想,并结合规划设想提出了要加强碳汇农业理论与节能减排技术、低碳农业发展规划与综合评估体系、农业碳汇交易机制、监测及其认证体系等农业碳汇研究的方向与建议。     

城乡建设环境保护部与农牧渔业部联合召开全国农业生态环境保护经验交流会

保护农业生态环境,促进农业生产持续稳定地发展,是我国农业和环境保护部门的一项十分紧迫的重要任务近年来,我国不少农村已在发展生态农业,保护农业生态环境方面进行了大胆探索,积累了不少经验。为了交流这方面的经验。推动农业生态环境保护工作深入开展,城乡建设环境保护部与农牧渔业部于1984年11月2日至9日在江苏省吴县联合召开了全国农业生态环境保护经验交流会。出席这次会议的有各省、市、自治区城乡建设环境保护厅、环保局和农牧渔业厅(局)的负责同志,16个农业生态环境保护工作较好的省、市、县、村和专业户等单位的     

农业生态工程的产生、研究进展及我们的任务——纪念敬爱的马世骏教授

本文论述了由我国杰出生态学家马世骏教授首先提出的农业生态工程的概念;综述中国农业生态工程的特征和发展趋势。文中把农业生态工程的概念与一些国家的持续农业的概念进行了比较,提出我国目前发展农业生态工程存在的问题和研究任务,以及一些具体建议。     

谈谈生态农业的生态设计

生态农业是一种新型农业。生态农业在我国发展很快,生态农业建设已成为我国农业发展的一条希望之路。目前,我国生态农业建设已经进入了生态设计阶段。本文根据生态学和生态经济学原理比较系统地介绍了生态农业生态设计的概念及一些基本内容。     

中国生态农业建设成就与展望

中国生态农业是把农业生产、农村经济发展和生态环境治理与保护、资源培育和高效利用融为一体的新型综合农业体系.它是解决人口、资源、环境之间矛盾的有效途径,也是农业和农村经济可持续发展的必然选择.本文全面总结了我国生态农业的成功经验和基本模式,分析了生态农业未来的发展方向和趋势,并提出了今后一段时期我国生态农业发展的基本思路和对策措施.     

农业技术推广的进展研究

分析了国内外农业技术推广的模式，介绍了我国农业技术推广体系的发展情况和运行机制的研究情况，并指出在新时期我国农业技术推广的方向．     

On the behaviour of the residence time at the bottom of the mixed layer

To understand why the findings of Deleersnijder et al. [(2006), Environ Fluid Mech 6: 25–42]—the residence time in the mixed layer in not necessarily zero at the pycnocline—are consistent with those of Delhez and Deleersnijder [(2006), Ocean Dyn 56:139–150]—the residence time in a control domain vanishes at the open boundaries of this control domain—, it is necessary to consider a control domain that includes part of the pycnocline, in which the eddy diffusivity is assumed to be zero. Then, depending on the behaviour of the eddy diffusivity near the bottom of the mixed layer, the residence time may be seen to exhibit a discontinuity at the interface between the mixed layer and the pycnocline. If such a discontinuity exists, the residence time is non-zero in the former and zero in the latter. This is illustrated by analytical solutions obtained under the assumption that the eddy diffusivity is constant in the mixed layer.     

知识型员工的特点、激励及管理对策研究

知识经济时代，企业最宝贵的财富是知识型员工。知识型员工是生产力的代表。知识型员工的工作效率决定了企业的竞争能力．因此。如何激励知识型员工成为企业探讨的一个重要问题．本文从知识型员工的特点入手。按有关知识管理专家提出的激励因素，从四个方面阐述了对知识型员工的激励策略。并提出了对知识型员工的管理对策．     

豪猪消化系统的解剖研究

为了了解豪猪的消化生理,为豪猪的人工饲养技术研究提供基础依据,以达到高效饲养豪猪的目的,笔者对豪猪的消化器官进行了系统解剖研究.结果表明:豪猪的胃为单室胃.盲肠很发达,这与其能够消化植物纤维有关.豪猪肝脏很发达,其重量为402 g,是其体重的4.59%,肝脏分叶多而明显.     

Adjusting the economy to the new energy realities of the second half of the age of oil

Our research indicates that, due to the depletion of conventional, and hence cheap, crude oil supplies (i.e. peak oil), increasing the supply of oil in the future would require exploiting lower quality resources (i.e. expensive), and thus will most likely occur only at high prices. This situation creates a system of feedbacks where economic growth, which requires more oil, would require high oil prices that will undermine that economic growth. We conclude that the economic growth of the past 40 years is unlikely to continue unless there is some remarkable change in how we manage our economy.     

Assessing the relation between the distribution of salt-marsh communities and the sediment budget of the North Norfolk coast

Very high resolution imagery from an airborne multi-spectrål scanner has been used to estimate the distribution of different salt-marsh communities along a 30-km stretch of the North Norfolk coast. Field observations have been used to develop a mathematical relationship between the vegetation, physical environment and sediment accumulation. This relationship has been used to produce provisional sediment accretion maps for the north Norfolk coast.     

高产玉米因土高效施肥技术研究

通过田间试验,研究广东省粤东河源灯塔盆地的粉砂坭地和粤北阳山县石灰岩山区的黄泥地氮、磷、钾养分的供应特性;高产玉米不同生育期吸收氮、磷、钾的规律,以及在不同土壤上氮、磷、钾肥的不同配比对玉米产量和经济效益的影响。根据试验结果进行统计,提出了高产玉米因土高效施肥技术方法。     

The impact of the Jonglei Canal on the economy of the local people

The idea of saving the water lost in the ‘Sudd’ swamp through evaporation was conceived by Egypt and Sudan for their own interests, but not for those of the Nilotic peoples living in the flood plain. Concern for the local development was only taken into consideration after the 1974 Juba riots, when three people were killed and 200 arrested. The canal has caused displacement of people from their settlements and is blocking the seasonal movement of livestock and wildlife. Conflict may arise over the use of land for grazing or irrigation. The Nilotics are concerned about the possible negative environmental impact, and the loss of their cultural identity. They maintain that Egypt should pay them monetary compensation for the disruption that the canal has caused to their livelihood.

This paper assesses the impact that the Jonglei canal project will have on the economy of the Nilotics; traces the historical development of the project; outlines the social, political and economic organization of the Nilotics; and assesses the impact the project will have on the local population. The paper concludes by casting doubt on the benefits the canal will bring to the Nilotics.     

刍议医院资产管理的现状及其对策

医院的固定资产和流动资产是医院赖以生存和发展的基础,是一项非经营性国有资产．目前公立医院固定资产、流动资产管理现状不容乐观,针对这种状况,首先分析问题形成的原因,然后提出管理的措施或建议,从而使资产管理工作规范化、制度化、科学化,使有限的卫生资源发挥出最大的社会效益和经济效益．参3．     

Beliefs about the environment: moving from the egocentric towards the ecocentric perspective

Our behaviour towards the environment depends on our beliefs about the environment. Beliefs, however, are a subject of change, particularly during important life transitions such as the transition to adolescence, because this is a period when an individual develops the ability of complex and abstract reasoning. Understanding this transition is therefore crucial for understanding and predicting the attitudes and courses of action in terms of sustainable development later in life. Due to many methodological constraints, the number of empirical studies examining these issues is very limited; the current study aimed to collect empirical data to explore the origins of our beliefs about the environment-related issues. We devised a picture association test and used it to compare children’s and adolescents’ beliefs about our environment in the context of the means of transportation. A large sample of 2264 participants aged 6–18 years took part in the study. The data supported the claim that children’s beliefs about environment share egocentric properties. The findings represent an important puzzle into the whole picture of children’s thinking and offer us great insight into the origins of beliefs about environment-related questions in adults. Educational implications are addressed.     

On the association between the column ozone and the spectral solar ultraviolet radiation

An estimation of the increase in the daily spectral solar ultraviolet radiation reaching the ground is attempted, by using the daily total ozone observations made by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) flown on the satellite Nimbus‐7 during 1978–1992. This investigation has been performed for the high latitudes by employing a recently proposed parametric model for the estimation of the spectral solar ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface considering the total ozone content and various meteorological parameters.