山东省1960—2011年参考作物蒸散量变化特征研究

为了研究山东省参考作物蒸散量（ET0）的变化特征,选取属于湿润气候的成山头站以及属于半湿润气候的惠民站、济南站、潍坊站、定陶站、兖州站6个气象站,利用国家气象资料中心提供的1960—2011年的逐日气象资料,采用距平分析、回归分析和地理信息系统分析了山东省ET0的年代际、年际和年内的时空变化趋势,并通过偏相关分析及标准化偏回归系数对各站ET0的影响因素进行研究。结果表明：半湿润区ET0年代均值大于湿润区ET0年代均值,其中济南站最大,最大值出现在20世纪70年代,达到1269.2 mm,成山头站最小,最小值也出现在20世纪70年代,为900.8 mm;6个站点中,济南站ET0值年际间的变化最大,极差达到351.9mm,定陶的极差最小,为157.8 mm。潍坊的ET0年际波动最大,标准差达到74.4 mm;定陶的年际ET0标准差达到51.4 mm,波动最小。6个站点的ET0年均值随时间呈现不同程度的降低,其中潍坊和兖州为极显著,济南和定陶为显著降低。ET0年均值在空间上的分布规律为：济南站〉潍坊站〉惠民站〉兖州站〉定陶站〉成山头站;6个站点的ET0都是夏季最高,冬季最低。春季平均ET0值中部地区最大,达到409.0 mm,东北部沿海区最小,只有237.2 mm。夏季平均ET0值的空间分布与全年平均ET0值的空间分布较为一致,只在惠民站为中心的小区域内出现降低,与周围区域有反差。秋、冬季平均ET0值在中部及东北部均较大,东北部最大,西南部及西北部较小,最小值出现在西南地区。半湿润气候的惠民站、济南站、潍坊站、定陶站、兖州站的ET0随时间的年内变化曲线为单峰型,峰值均出现在夏季6月,全年的第162天。湿润气候下成山头站的ET0随时间的年内变化曲线呈双峰型,峰值分别出现在春季5月,全年第150天以及秋季9月,全年第270天;山东省ET0与气象要素间的相关性很好,除成山头站的最低气温外,均达到极显著水平。影响山东省湿润气候和半湿润气候ET0变化的主要气象要素分别为最高气温和平均气温。     

基于Landsat 8数据的亚热带小流域蒸散发估算及时空特征分析

以亚热带典型小流域——金井流域为研究对象,应用Landsat 8遥感数据基于SEBS模型估算了不同季节4个典型日的蒸散发(ET)值。结果表明,春季(5月12日)、夏季(7月31日)、秋季(9月17日)和冬季(次年1月23日)典型日的日ET均值及90%分位数上界分别为2.69和4.14、2.73和5.41、2.75和5.78、1.33和3.25 mm·d~(-1)。为研究ET在不同土地利用类型中的分布差异性,统计了研究区不同土地利用类型的日ET值,结果显示水体日ET值最高〔(4.21±2.63)mm·d~(-1)〕,稻田〔(2.67±1.49)mm·d~(-1)〕次之,再次是林地和茶园〔(2.06±1.35)mm·d~(-1)〕,公路和居民地最低〔(1.17±1.14)mm·d~(-1)〕。对所选4个典型日的ET和归一化植被指数(NDVI)进行相关分析,表明两者存在显著相关性(r值为0.34~0.63,P0.05)。将ET遥感估算值与Penman-Monteith公式经验值、涡度相关系统的野外观测值进行对比,3者结果较为一致,表明SEBS模型适用于研究区ET估算。     

基于生态过程模型和森林清查数据的森林生长量估算对比研究

利用遥感驱动的生态过程模型-Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator （BEPS）、2001-2006年国家森林资源连续清查数据（一类清查-样地尺度）和2003-2009年森林资源规划设计调查数据（二类调查-区域尺度）,分别计算江西省吉安市的森林生态系统生长量,从不同空间尺度和森林类型对3种数据源估算的森林生长量进行了分析。结果表明,样点尺度上,BEPS模型模拟的森林生长量（4.18 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1）低于群落生长量（5.86 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1）,与乔木层生长量（4.29 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1）基本一致,模型模拟结果与两者的拟合R2分别为0.48和0.43。区域尺度上,BEPS模型模拟、二类调查数据计算的群落及乔木层生长量分别为4.65、4.36和3.34 Mg·hm^-2·a^-1,BEPS模型估算的吉安市各县森林总生长量与二类调查数据计算的群落、乔木层生长总量拟合R2分别达0.84和0.83。一类清查数据计算结果高于二类清查数据计算结果,BEPS模型模拟森林生长量分别与基于一类清查数据计算的乔木层生长量及二类调查数据群落生长量较为一致。从研究区两种主要森林类型来看,常绿阔叶林年平均生长量高于常绿针叶林,常绿针叶林与模型估算结果差异小于常绿阔叶林。最后利用模型估算了研究区2001-2010年平均生长量,为认识研究区的森林生长空间分布差异及更新森林生物量提供支持。     

沙质草地生长季土壤CO_2排放特征及水热因子分析

草地土壤CO_2排放是陆地生态系统碳循环的关键生态学过程之一,研究其通量特征可以定量评估和预测区域CO_2排放状况,服务于全球气候变化下的区域碳管理。应用LI-8150土壤碳通量测定系统,定位观测并分析科尔沁沙地沙质草地生长季(6—9月)土壤CO_2通量特征,探究水热因子(降水、土壤温度和土壤含水量)对碳排放的影响机制。结果表明,(1)在日动态变化尺度上,晴天和雨天土壤CO_2通量呈现不对称"单峰型"曲线,最高值出现在11:00—16:00,最低值在04:00—06:00。(2)在生长季动态变化尺度上,土壤CO_2日平均通量呈现明显的多峰和季节变化,土壤CO_2月平均日通量分别在7月和9月出现高峰值和低峰值;2016年6月1日—9月30日日平均排放通量最小值(0.35μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))出现在晴天(6月8日),最大值(2.68μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))出现在雨天(7月23日),生长季平均排放通量为1.26μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)。(3)土壤CO_2通量表现为雨天高于晴天,降水事件是扰动土壤CO_2排放的关键因子。(4)土壤CO_2通量与土壤温度和土壤含水量分别表现出不同的时间尺度效应。在日尺度上,无论晴天还是雨天,7月土壤CO_2月平均日通量与表层(5 cm)土壤温度和含水量均呈正相关关系,且相关系数高于其他月份;晴天和雨天土壤含水量和温度的协同作用分别可解释土壤CO_2排放的95.0%和85.5%。在生长季尺度上,晴天的土壤含水量和雨天的土壤温度分别能够解释土壤CO_2排放的63.6%和48.0%;当土壤含水量低于4.87%、土壤温度低于25.94℃时,土壤CO_2排放量随含水量、温度的增加而增加;晴天和雨天土壤含水量和温度的协同作用分别可解释土壤CO_2排放的61.6%和43.7%。     

土法炼锌地区大气中镉的迁移

利用苔藓口袋(Moss bag)和总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)同步监测相结合,研究在上世纪80—90年代土法炼锌地区排放到大气中镉的迁移影响.结果发现,土法炼锌区域100 m内大气TSP中镉含量达129.4 mg·kg-1,土壤中镉含量为12.64 mg·kg-1,Moss bag监测镉总沉降速率达到47.20 mg·m-2·mon-1;在污染源下风方向10 km处TSP中镉含量仍达到27.3 mg·kg-1,土壤中镉含量为2.75 mg·kg-1,Moss bag监测镉总沉降速率达到5.18 mg·m-2·mon-1;随着与污染源距离增加,大气TSP和Moss bag镉沉降速率、土壤中镉含量均呈现逐渐降低的一致性趋势;Moss bag监测镉干沉降速率占总沉降速率的比例变化范围为58%—79%,说明从大气向地面沉降的镉总量中以干沉降为主,是重力影响的由大气向地面沉降的过程.     

广西红树林净生态系统碳交换变化特征及影响因子研究

为了研究广西红树林CO_2通量变化特征及其调控机制,利用2019年北海红树林生态观测试验站涡度相关系统观测的红树林碳通量和气象观测数据,分析红树林净生态系统碳交换变化特征及其与气象因子的响应关系。结果表明,广西红树林净生态系统碳交换的平均日变化曲线呈"U"型分布;在月尺度上,碳汇峰值出现在2月,最小值出现在6月;在季尺度上,不同季节碳汇峰值呈秋季春季冬季夏季的趋势;净生态系统碳交换月累积最大值为11月(-45.23 g·m~(-2)·月~(-1)),最小值为7月(-16.95 g·m~(-2)·月~(-1));广西红树林净生态系统碳交换、总呼吸和总初级生产力年累积量分别为-386.68、862.49和-1 249.18 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1),3者均低于福建和广东红树林;光合有效辐射是对净生态系统碳交换产生直接影响的主导因子,饱和水气压差是对净生态系统碳交换产生间接影响的主导因子,降水量是净生态系统碳交换的限制因子。     

近53年黄河流域降水时空分布特征

利用黄河流域76个气象台站近53 a（1960-2012）的逐日降水资料,采用国际上通用的极端降水事件指数,应用一元线性回归法、移动平均法和径向基函数空间插值法,研究了黄河流域极端降水指数时空变化特征。结果表明：（1）时间上,黄河流域年平均降水量在过去53 a下降趋势较为显著,降水倾向率为-7.2 mm/10a;极端降水量变化趋势表现较为稳定,极端降水倾向率为-0.64 mm/10a,呈不断降低趋势;极端降水强度倾向率为-0.078 mm/10a,呈不断下降趋势;极端降水比率总体表现为微弱增长趋势,倾向率为0.49 mm/10a。（2）空间上,降水量空间分布具有明显的差异性,由北至南呈阶梯式逐渐增多趋势,其中降水量最少的地区是以银川为代表的周边区域,最多的地区为黄河流域南部区域;极端降水量从北至南也具有逐渐增多态势,与降水量具有相似的空间分布特点,且极端降水量越多的地区降水总量也相对较多;极端降水强度表现出由流域西部向东部逐渐增多的趋势,西部最低值为不到20 mm/d,逐渐向东过渡到最大值为76 mm/d;极端降水比率的分布呈由北向南逐渐递减的特点,并且出现了以银川为中心的极大值和以西安为中心的极小值分布格局。     

基于MODIS遥感数据的鄱阳湖流域生态系统生产力变化研究

生态系统生产力包括总初级生产力(GrossPrimaryProductivity,GPP)和净初级生产力(NetPrimaryProductivity,NPP),是生态系统能量与物质循环的基础,是碳循环研究的重要组成部分,掌握气候变化背景下生态系统生产力的时空变化,对陆地碳循环具有重要意义。基于MODIS遥感产品(GPP、NPP和地表覆被)和地面气象观测数据(逐日降水、气温、辐射),采用线性拟合方法和偏相关系数法分析了2000—2014年鄱阳湖流域GPP和NPP的时空分布、变化特征及其与气象因子(降水量、气温、辐射)的相关关系。结果表明,(1)2000—2014年鄱阳湖流域GPP的平均年总量为221.4 Tg?a~(-1)(以C计,下同),GPP年总量最高值为2014年的238.7 Tg?a~(-1);NPP的平均年总量为97.6 Tg?a~(-1),NPP年总量最高值为2004年的112.3Tg?a~(-1)。(2)15年来,流域内GPP略有上升趋势,其中10%的地区增长速度超过了10g?m~(-2)?a~(-1);NPP略呈下降趋势,其中20%的地区下降速度超过了5g?m~(-2)?a~(-1)。(3)年降水量、年均温和年均辐射量均呈增加趋势,增加速率分别为4.2mm?a~(-1)、0.014℃?a~(-1)和0.003 9 MJ?m~(-2)?a~(-1)。(4)GPP、NPP与年降水量、年均温和辐射均呈正相关关系,其中,GPP和NPP与降水量和温度的相关性较强,而与辐射的相关性较弱。研究结果可为开展气候变化背景下鄱阳湖流域典型生态系统生产力影响评估提供理论支撑,也对该流域的生态环境保护具有一定的科学意义和应用价值。     

黄海西部大气湿沉降(降水)中各元素沉降通量的初步研究

本文对黄海西部的千里岩、青岛的麦岛降水(雨+雪)中的H+,NH+4,K +,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+,F-,Cl-,NO-3,SO2-4 ,SiO2-3,PO3-4进行了测定.计算了除H+以外其他离子的湿沉降通量.1998年千里岩N,P,Si的湿沉降通量分别为:DIN([NH+ 4]+[NO-3])0.611g·m-2.a-1,P 0.002g·m-2 ·a-1,Si 0.078g·m-2·a-1,麦岛N,P,Si的湿沉降通量分别为:DIN 0.776g·m-2.a-1,P 0.008g·m-2·a-1,Si 0 .060g·m-2.a-1,千里岩降水的N/P比(摩尔比)为72 7,远高于海水中的Redfield比值(16),将对该海域的营养盐结构产生一定的影响. 对于忽略小于0.7mm的降水对湿沉降通量所可能产生的误差进行了估算,发现几种主要离子均小于9%.     

洱海北部2种典型种植制度下农田氮污染负荷研究

洱海北部区域农村面源污染是富营养化初期湖泊——洱海氮磷负荷的主要来源.以洱海北部2种典型种植制度下的农田为研究对象,采用现场调查与采样分析相结合的方法,定量分析氮的输入通量(农作物施肥、大气降水降尘、灌水和生物固氮)及输出通量(农田收获物和生物脱氮),并计算其对水环境产生的氮污染负荷净排放量(包括农田地表径流和地下渗透流).结果表明,在水稻-蚕豆种植制度下,农田为环境友好型,基本不向水环境排放氮负荷,净排放量为-30.73 kg·hm-2·a-1,主要氮输入通量为生物固氮(占43.3％),其次为有机肥(占35.O％),且输出通量主要为农作物吸收(占98.5％).在水稻-大蒜种植制度下,农田为环境污染型,净排放量为306.75 kg·hm-2·a-1,主要氮输入通量为肥料(占84.7％),其中化肥占62.1％,而输出通量中水环境排放占45.4％.水稻-大蒜种植制度亟需采取合理施肥和提高肥料利用率等农田污染防治对策.     

Rapid,recurring, structured survey versus bioblitz for generating biodiversity data and analysis with a multispecies abundance model

A bioblitz inexpensively and quickly generates biodiversity data, but bioblitzes are often conducted with haphazard, unreplicated sampling. Results tend to be taxonomically, geographically, or temporally biased, lack metadata, and consist of lists of observed taxa that do not enable further analyses or correction for imperfect detection. A rapid, recurring, structured survey (RRSS) uses a structured sampling design and temporal and spatial replication to survey randomly selected sites on a conservation property. We participated in a loosely structured bioblitz and a subsequent RRSS at Big Canoe Creek Nature Preserve in Springville (St. Clair County), Alabama (USA) to compare observed richness derived from the 2 survey approaches. The RRSS data structure enabled us to fit models that accounted for imperfect detection to estimate abundances, occupancy probabilities, and habitat associations. The loosely structured bioblitz data could not be used in such models. We present a new integrated multispecies abundance model that we applied to avian RRSS data. Our model extension enables estimation for the community, employs data augmentation to estimate the number of undetected species, and incorporates covariates. The RRSS generated a more comprehensive and less biased list of observed taxonomic richness than the loosely structured bioblitz (e.g., 73 vs. 45 bird species and 104 vs. 63 insect families from the RRSS vs. loosely structured bioblitz, respectively). Models fit to the RRSS data identified seasonal patterns in avian community composition and allowed for estimation of habitat–occupancy relationships for insect taxa. The RRSS protocol has potential for broad transferability as a standardized, quick, and inexpensive way to inventory biodiversity and estimate ecological parameters while providing an outreach opportunity.     

Compliance with and ecosystem function of biodiversity offsets in North American and European freshwaters

Land-use change via human development is a major driver of biodiversity loss. To reduce these impacts, billions of dollars are spent on biodiversity offsets. However, studies evaluating offset project effectiveness that examine components such as the overall compliance and function of projects remain rare. We reviewed 577 offsetting projects in freshwater ecosystems that included the metrics project size, type of aquatic system (e.g., wetland and creek), offsetting measure (e.g., enhancement, restoration, and creation), and an assessment of the projects’ compliance and functional success. Project information was obtained from scientific and government databases and gray literature. Despite considerable investment in offsetting projects, crucial problems persisted. Although compliance and function were related to each other, a high level of compliance did not guarantee a high degree of function. However, large projects relative to area had better function than small projects. Function improved when projects targeted productivity or specific ecosystem features and when multiple complementary management targets were in place. Restorative measures were more likely to achieve targets than creating entirely new ecosystems. Altogether the relationships we found highlight specific ecological processes that may help improve offsetting outcomes.     

A palaeo-hydrogeological model for arsenic contamination in southern and south-east Asia

An argument is presented in which areas of natural arsenic contamination of modern groundwaters throughout Asia have a common origin. Arsenic originally accumulated in oceanic ferro-manganoan sediments of the eastern Palaeo-Tethys. This was further concentrated through oceanic crustal extinction in what later became the south-east Chinese accreted mineralised terrain. Proto-Himalayan uplift of this area created the palaeo-drainage systems of the Ganges – Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Red Rivers, with consequent headwater erosion of arsenic-rich sediments. Their downstream deposition as immature and easily redistributed Neogene sandstones, silts, and iron-rich clays has created secondary and tertiary reservoirs of adsorbed and authigenic arsenic, from which the current arsenic-rich groundwaters have evolved. Considering river basins within the above palaeo-hydrogeological framework provides a basis for assessing the risk of arsenic in groundwater basins of south and south-eastern Asia.     

Cost‐effective conservation of an endangered frog under uncertainty

How should managers choose among conservation options when resources are scarce and there is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of actions? Well‐developed tools exist for prioritizing areas for one‐time and binary actions (e.g., protect vs. not protect), but methods for prioritizing incremental or ongoing actions (such as habitat creation and maintenance) remain uncommon. We devised an approach that combines metapopulation viability and cost‐effectiveness analyses to select among alternative conservation actions while accounting for uncertainty. In our study, cost‐effectiveness is the ratio between the benefit of an action and its economic cost, where benefit is the change in metapopulation viability. We applied the approach to the case of the endangered growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis), which is threatened by urban development. We extended a Bayesian model to predict metapopulation viability under 9 urbanization and management scenarios and incorporated the full probability distribution of possible outcomes for each scenario into the cost‐effectiveness analysis. This allowed us to discern between cost‐effective alternatives that were robust to uncertainty and those with a relatively high risk of failure. We found a relatively high risk of extinction following urbanization if the only action was reservation of core habitat; habitat creation actions performed better than enhancement actions; and cost‐effectiveness ranking changed depending on the consideration of uncertainty. Our results suggest that creation and maintenance of wetlands dedicated to L. raniformis is the only cost‐effective action likely to result in a sufficiently low risk of extinction. To our knowledge we are the first study to use Bayesian metapopulation viability analysis to explicitly incorporate parametric and demographic uncertainty into a cost‐effective evaluation of conservation actions. The approach offers guidance to decision makers aiming to achieve cost‐effective conservation under uncertainty.     

Threats to intact tropical peatlands and opportunities for their conservation

Large, intact areas of tropical peatland are highly threatened at a global scale by the expansion of commercial agriculture and other forms of economic development. Conserving peatlands on a landscape scale, with their hydrology intact, is of international conservation importance to preserve their distinctive biodiversity and ecosystem services and maintain their resilience to future environmental change. We explored threats to and opportunities for conserving remaining intact tropical peatlands; thus, we excluded peatlands of Indonesia and Malaysia, where extensive deforestation, drainage, and conversion to plantations means conservation in this region can protect only small fragments of the original ecosystem. We focused on a case study, the Pastaza‐Marañón Foreland Basin (PMFB) in Peru, which is among the largest known intact tropical peatland landscapes in the world and is representative of peatland vulnerability. Maintenance of the hydrological conditions critical for carbon storage and ecosystem function of peatlands is, in the PMFB, primarily threatened by expansion of commercial agriculture linked to new transport infrastructure that is facilitating access to remote areas. There remain opportunities in the PMFB and elsewhere to develop alternative, more sustainable land‐use practices. Although some of the peatlands in the PMFB fall within existing legally protected areas, this protection does not include the most carbon‐dense (domed pole forest) areas. New carbon‐based conservation instruments (e.g., REDD+, Green Climate Fund), developing markets for sustainable peatland products, transferring land title to local communities, and expanding protected areas offer pathways to increased protection for intact tropical peatlands in Amazonia and elsewhere, such as those in New Guinea and Central Africa which remain, for the moment, broadly beyond the frontier of commercial development.     

Parasitic wasps orient to green leaf volatiles

Summary Undamaged plants emit low levels of green leaf volatiles (GLVs), while caterpillar-damaged and artificially damaged plants emit relatively higher levels of certain GLVs. Female braconid parasitoids,Microplitis croceipes, oriented to both damaged plants and to individual GLVs in no-choice tests in a wind tunnel, but seldom oriented to undamaged plants. Female ichneumonid parasitoids,Netelia heroica, also oriented to individual GLVs in a wind tunnel. Males of both wasp species failed to orient to the GLVs. These data show that leaf-feeding caterpillars can cause the release of GLVs, and that parasitic wasps can respond to these odors by flying upwind (chemoanemotactic response), which brings the wasps to their caterpillar hosts. This supports the hypothesis that plants communicate with members of the third trophic level,i.e., plants under herbivore attack emit chemical signals that guide natural enemies of herbivores to sites of plant damage. In this interaction, the GLVs serve as tritrophic plant-to-parasitoid synomones. That parasitoids from two different wasp families oriented to GLVs suggests that the response may be widespread among the Hymenoptera.Mention of a commercial or proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture     

Human Influence and Classical Biogeographic Predictors of Rare Species Occurrence

Biogeographic theory predicts that rare species occur more often in larger, less‐isolated habitat patches and suggests that patch size and connectivity are positive predictors of patch quality for conservation. However, in areas substantially modified by humans, rare species may be relegated to the most isolated patches. We used data from plant surveys of 81 meadow patches in the Georgia Basin of Canada and the United States to show that presence of threatened and endangered plants was positively predicted for patches that were isolated on small islands surrounded by ocean and for patches that were isolated by surrounding forest. Neither patch size nor connectivity were positive predictors of rare species occurrence. Thus, in our study area, human influence, presumably due to disturbance or introduction of competitive non‐native species, appears to have overwhelmed classical predictors of rare species distribution, such that greater patch isolation appeared to favor presence of rare species. We suggest conservation planners consider the potential advantages of protecting geographically isolated patches in human‐modified landscapes because such patches may represent the only habitats in which rare species are likely to persist. Influencia Humana y Predictores Biogeográficos Clásicos de la Ocurrencia de Especies Raras     

Seasonal dynamics of macro-algae in the South Lake of Tunis

The macro-algae communities observed in the south lake of Tunis are characterized by the predominance of nitrophilous algae which are in the order of biomass importance:Ulva, Cladophora andEnteromorpha. We have noted seasonal changes of alga distribution. The wind appears to be one of the most important factors influencing this distribution. The total biomass reaches a maximum in the spring. Rapid decomposition of the biomass leads to a severe ecological imbalance, resulting in crises of anoxia and fish death. A restoration project has already started. It aims at removal of contaminated muds and the introduction of a new circulation system. The main objectives of this work were to collect information on the distribution and biomass of the phytobenthic communities as a first step in the constitution of a database for further comparison.     

Patterns and biases of climate change threats in the IUCN Red List

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments rely on published data and expert inputs, and biases can be introduced where underlying definitions and concepts are ambiguous. Consideration of climate change threat is no exception, and recently numerous approaches to assessing the threat of climate change to species have been developed. We explored IUCN Red List assessments of amphibians and birds to determine whether species listed as threatened by climate change display distinct patterns in terms of habitat occupied and additional nonclimatic threats faced. We compared IUCN Red List data with a published data set of species’ biological and ecological traits believed to infer high vulnerability to climate change and determined whether distributions of climate change‐threatened species on the IUCN Red List concur with those of climate change‐threatened species identified with the trait‐based approach and whether species possessing these traits are more likely to have climate change listed as a threat on the IUCN Red List. Species in some ecosystems (e.g., grassland, shrubland) and subject to particular threats (e.g., invasive species) were more likely to have climate change as a listed threat. Geographical patterns of climate change‐threatened amphibians and birds on the IUCN Red List were incongruent with patterns of global species richness and patterns identified using trait‐based approaches. Certain traits were linked to increases or decreases in the likelihood of a species being threatened by climate change. Broad temperature tolerance of a species was consistently related to an increased likelihood of climate change threat, indicating counterintuitive relationships in IUCN assessments. To improve the robustness of species assessments of the vulnerability or extinction risk associated with climate change, we suggest IUCN adopt a more cohesive approach whereby specific traits highlighted by our results are considered in Red List assessments. To achieve this and to strengthen the climate change‐vulnerability assessments approach, it is necessary to identify and implement logical avenues for further research into traits that make species vulnerable to climate change (including population‐level threats).