APMP制浆废水处理工程应用

针对APMP制浆废水的特点,采用物化预处理+水解酸化预处理+IC反应器处理(内循环厌氧反应器)+好氧处理+深度处理作为废水处理工艺,工艺运行稳定,成本低廉,完全达排放标准。     

酵母废水生物处理技术研究进展

文章总结了酵母废水厌氧、厌氧-好氧、厌氧-好氧-兼氧反硝化等生物处理工艺的研究现状及进展,并介绍了酵母废水厌氧处理的菌种筛选、复合微生物技术等能改善其生物处理效果的研究,阐述了生物处理酵母废水存在的问题及发展趋势。     

厌氧水解-好氧处理蒽醌废水试验研究

采用厌氧水解—好氧和单独好氧处理两种生化方法对蒽醌染整废水进行了平行对照试验。结果表明，厌氧水解—好氧处理方法可有效地提高该废水的可生化程度。当进水CODcr浓度为400mg／L、色度为800倍时，厌氧水解—好氧处理后出水CODcr可达120—170mg／L，CODcr去除率在63％以上，色度降低至150倍，明显优于单一好氧处理的出水水质。     

皂素废水处理过程中有机物变化的表征

通过比较皂素废水、内电解、好氧与厌氧处理后废水中有机物质的分子量分布以及组成特点,确定皂素废水处理过程中有机物的变化。结果表明:厌氧与好氧处理后,COD值有显著减少;皂素废水经过厌氧和好氧处理后还生成一些新物质,微生物产物(SMP)。     

我国餐饮废水处理技术研究进展

综合论述了我国餐饮废水的特点及处理现状。介绍了SBR法、生物接触氧化法、厌氧-好氧联合工艺法、膜生物反应器法、混凝法、电化学法处理餐饮废水的技术及适用条件。比较了各种处理技术的优势和不足，预测了我国餐饮废水处理的发展趋势。并认为，集除油、降解有机悬浮物于一体的餐饮废水一体化处理设备将会得到广泛应用，而针对餐饮废水特点培养出高效生物茵种的复合生物技术将是治理餐饮废水的最有效方法。     

淀粉废水处理工程工艺设计

对以玉米为原料生产淀粉过程中产生的大量高浓度黄浆水采用厌氧-好氧生物处理方法。厌氧处理装置采用UA SB(升流式厌氧污泥床),好氧处理采用SBR(序批式生物反应器法)工艺。处理后出水水质达到GB 8978—1996《污水排放标准》中二级标准。     

缩短厌氧消化时间改善猪场废水厌氧消化液好氧后处理性能的可行性

采用批式厌氧消化以及间歇曝气的摇瓶试验进行猪场废水厌氧-好氧处理,研究了猪场废水厌氧消化对好氧后处理的影响,以及控制厌氧消化进程改善猪场废水厌氧消化液好氧后处理性能的可行性.对猪场废水原水(厌氧消化0d)直接进行好氧处理,COD和NH4 -N去除率分别可达到95%和98%以上,出水COD低于300mg·L-1,NH4 -N低于10mg·L-1.对厌氧消化液进行好氧后处理,出水COD和NH4 -N浓度随好氧处理时间的增长逐渐升高,厌氧消化前处理时间越长,升高时间越早,幅度越大.实验结束时,出水COD基本在500-600 mg·L-1之间;厌氧消化3、6、9、12d的消化液好氧后处理出水的NH4 -N分别达到22.2、105.4、147.6、171.4 mg·L-1.尽管厌氧消化3d时,COD去除率只有47.5%,但消化液好氧后处理的效能仍然没有提高,只是系统恶化的时间略迟于厌氧消化6、9、12d的消化液.厌氧消化液好氧后处理效果差的原因主要是:在厌氧消化过程中,各污染物降解的差异导致了厌氧消化液可生化性降低以及碳、氮、磷比例失调,影响了好氧后处理过程微生物的生长;厌氧消化液中缺乏易降解有机物,导致反硝化效果差,产生的碱度不能弥补硝化过程消耗的碱度,引起pH下降,进而影响了微生物活性.因此,通过缩短厌氧消化时间的方式来改善消化液好氧后处理的性能是不可行的.     

生物—物理化学法处理制浆黑液的试验研究

采用酸中和—厌氧—好氧—生物活性炭或化学混凝综合法处理制浆黑液,探讨了酸中和处理的影响因素及厌氧处理对后段好氧处理的影响.结果表明:两种综合处理工艺对黑液中木质素及COD_(Cr)的去除有显著效果;厌氧处理比好氧处理对木质素的降解更为有利.     

用厌氧酸化预处理焦化废水的研究

在采用色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用仪分析北京焦化厂废水中有机物组分及浓度的基础上,研究厌氧酸化对焦化废水可生物处理性能的影响,并探讨厌氧酸化作为焦化废水好氧生物处理预处理的可行性。试验结果表明,焦化废水经6h厌氧酸化,12h好氧曝气,COD去除率可达90％以上,比未用厌氧酸化预处理的COD去除率提高近40％。当焦化废水进水COD为1780mg/l时,出水COD可降至158mg/l。     

厌氧-好氧两级生化法处理土霉素生产废水

采用UASB厌氧工艺和SBR好氧工艺可联合处理高浓度土霉素制药废水 ,废水出水水质符合GB8978 1996二级排放标准。结合工程实际 ,介绍了在工程调试过程中 ,使UASB和SBR达到设计运行负荷的条件及调试经验     

山东某淀粉厂污水处理改造工程

介绍了采用UASB SBR工艺处理淀粉废水的工程实例 ,UASB反应器采用中温消化 ,水力停留时间 32h ,有机负荷 7～ 8kg m3 ·d ,CODCr去除率大于 90 %。SBR池周期为 12h ,滗水率 5 0 %。在进水平均CODCr=10 0 0 0mg L时 ,处理后出水CODCr<15 0mg L ,可达标排放     

Nitrogen removal via nitrite from municipal landfill leachate

A system consisting of a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), an anoxic/aerobic (A/O) reactor and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), was used to treat landfill leachate. During operation, denitrification and methanogenesis took place simultaneously in the first stage UASB, and the e uent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was further removed in the second stage UASB. Then the denitrification of nitrite and nitrate in the returned sludge by using the residual COD was accomplished in the A/O reactor, and ammonia was removed via nitrite in it. Last but not least, the residual ammonia was removed in SBR as well as nitrite and nitrate which were produced by nitrification. The results over 120 d (60 d for phase I and 60 d for phase II) were as follows: when the total nitrogen (TN) concentration of influent leachate was about 2500 mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was about 2000 mg/L, the shortcut nitrification with 85%–90% nitrite accumulation was achieved stably in the A/O reactor. The TN and ammonia nitrogen removal e ciencies of the system were 98% and 97%, respectively. The residual ammonia, nitrite and nitrate produced during nitrification in the A/O reactor could be washed out almost completely in SBR. The TN and ammonia nitrogen concentrations of final e uent were about 39 mg/L and 12 mg/L, respectively.     

Advanced landfill leachate treatment using a two-stage UASB-SBR system at low temperature

A two-stage upflow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) and sequencing batch reactor(SBR) system was introduced to treat landfill leachate for advanced removal of COD and nitrogen at low temperature.In order to improve the total nitrogen(TN) removal efficiency and to reduce the COD requirement for denitrification,the raw leachate with recycled SBR nitrification supernatant was pumped into the first-stage UASB(UASB1) to achieve simultaneous denitrification and methanogenesis.The results showed that UASB1 played an important role in COD removal and UASB2 and SBR further enhanced the nutrient removal efficiency.When the organic loading rates of UASB1,UASB2 and SBR were 11.95,1.63 and 1.29 kg COD/(m3·day),respectively,the total COD removal efficiency of the whole system reached 96.7%.The SBR acted as the real undertaker for NH4+-N removal due to aerobic nitrification.The system obtained about 99.7% of NH4+-N removal efficiency at relatively low temperature(14.9-10.9°C).More than 98.3% TN was removed through complete denitrification in UASB1 and SBR.In addition,temperature had a significant effiect on the rates of nitrification and denitrification rather than the removal of TN and NH4+-N once the complete nitrification and denitrification were achieved.     

UASB-SBR-陶粒过滤工艺处理白酒生产污水

根据白酒污水水质特点 ,选择了UASB SBR 陶粒过滤处理工艺。运行结果表明可以达到国家综合排放标准的二级标准。文章重点介绍了各构筑物运行参数和调试运行情况     

高氮渗滤液缺氧/厌氧UASB-SBR工艺低温深度脱氮

在低温条件下,采用缺氧/厌氧UASB-SBR组合工艺处理实际垃圾填埋场渗滤液.结果表明,该工艺可实现有机物和氮的同步、深度去除.在进水COD平均为11950.2mg/L,NH4+-N为982.7mg/L的条件下,出水分别为390.1mg/L和2.9mg/L,去除率分别为96.7%和99.7%.同时,缺氧UASB1反应器的最大COD负荷达到13kg/(m3×d),最大COD去除速率为12.39 kg/(m3×d),具有高效缺氧反硝化和高效厌氧降解有机物反应的双重功效, 在SBR反应器的缺氧段和缺氧UASB,反应器内获得了99%以上的反硝化率.对于冬季水温分别为14.9,14.1,13.5,11.05℃的低温条件下,SBR反应器实现了完全硝化和反硝化,出水TN分别为4.1,5.7,14.1,16.5mg/L,达到了深度脱氮的目的.此外,在上述温度范围内,温度对反硝化速率(rN)的影响大于对硝化速率 (rDN)的影响, rN/rDN比值相对恒定.     

好氧颗粒化SBR系统处理UASB出水的试验研究

以序批式反应器培养的好氧颗粒污泥作为接种污泥,驯化处理上流式厌氧颗粒污泥床反应器的出水,整个运行过程主要分为颗粒污泥驯化阶段和稳定运行阶段。在稳定运行阶段,有机COD负荷可达到5.2 g/L.d,COD去除率高于95%,好氧颗粒污泥直径集中于3.5～6mm,SVI 50～58mL/g,沉降速率在72～90m/h,好氧颗粒污泥具有良好的沉降性能和较高的COD去除率。同时应用扫描电镜技术对接种颗粒污泥和驯化后的好氧颗粒污泥的微生物结构进行了初步观察和分析。     

Removal of anaerobic soluble microbial products in a biological activated carbon reactor

The soluble microbial products (SMP) in the biological treatment effluent are generally of great amount and are poorly biodegradable. Focusing on the biodegradation of anaerobic SMP, the biological activated carbon (BAC) was introduced into the anaerobic system. The experiments were conducted in two identical lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors. The high strength organics were degraded in the first UASB reactor (UASB1) and the second UASB (UASB2, i.e., BAC) functioned as a polishing step to remove SMP produced in UASB1. The results showed that 90% of the SMP could be removed before granular activated carbon was saturated. After the saturation, the SMP removal decreased to 60% on the average. Analysis of granular activated carbon adsorption revealed that the main role of SMP removal in BAC reactor was biodegradation. A strain of SMP-degrading bacteria, which was found highly similar to Klebsiella sp., was isolated, enriched and inoculated back to the BAC reactor. When the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 10,000 mg/L and the organic loading rate achieved 10 kg COD/(m 3 ·day), the effluent from the BAC reactor could meet the discharge standard without further treatment. Anaerobic BAC reactor inoculated with the isolated Klebsiella was proved to be an effective, cheap and easy technical treatment approach for the removal of SMP in the treatment of easily-degradable wastewater with COD lower than 10,000 mg/L.     

水产品加工废水生物处理工艺研究进展

水产品加工行业庞大的耗水量和高浓度废水备受瞩目,同时随着废水排放标准日益严格,其处理势在必行,生物法是处理该类废水的最佳选择。诸如生物滤池(AF)、上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB)和厌氧流化床(AFB)的厌氧工艺能达到80%~90%的有机物去除率并产生沼气;类似活性污泥、接触氧化、生物转盘、滴滤池以及氧化塘的好氧工艺也适合于有机物的去除,若将各种工艺相结合将提升工艺水平。     

海南省椰树集团第二工业城污水处理工程设计

通过对原水水质及排放标准的分析,得出椰树集团第二工业城污水处理可采用UASB-接触氧化法和AB法两种备选方案,并分别对其进行了可行性分析,最终方案采用UASB-接触氧化法,文中对UASB-接触氧化法各阶段的处理效率进行了分析,同时,对该工程的经济效益进行了分析.运行实践表明,该工程的实施,改善了海口湾地区的海洋生态环境,保护了海口湾的旅游资源.