Inter-provincial responsibility allocation of carbon emission in China to coordinate regional development

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To establish the carbon emission trading scheme and achieve the carbon emission reduction goals in China, it is critical to allocate the carbon...     

Cooperative carbon emission reduction through the Belt and Road Initiative

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Carbon emission reduction under the Belt and Road Initiative has great significance on China’s goal of carbon peak. To better promote carbon...     

How green technology innovation affects carbon emission efficiency: evidence from developed countries proposing carbon neutrality targets

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With the introduction of national carbon neutrality targets, carbon emission reduction actions in developed countries have become a hot topic as part...     

Changes in carbon emission performance of energy-intensive industries in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As the major energy consumers, energy-intensive industries are the key players in achieving carbon emission reduction targets. The paper builds a...     

Time-varying spillovers among pilot carbon emission trading markets in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Clarifying the time-varying spillovers among pilot carbon emission permit trading markets in China is an important foundation for building the...     

The impact of network externalities and altruistic preferences on carbon emission reduction of low carbon supply chain

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper explores the manufacturer’s carbon emission reduction in the presence of network externalities and altruistic preferences. Existing...     

How to improve the function of government carbon tax in promoting enterprise carbon emission reduction: from the perspective of three-stage dynamic game

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Flexible strategy of carbon tax is an important chip for the government to promote the implementation of carbon emission reduction. However,...     

Can the carbon emission trading scheme promote corporate environmental protection investment in China?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since 2013, a pilot market of carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) has operated in China, with results showing a reduction in the carbon intensity of...     

Convergence of energy carbon emission efficiency: evidence from manufacturing sub-sectors in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With China’s economy entering the stage of high-quality development, manufacturing energy carbon emission efficiency has become the focus of...     

Can green finance reduce carbon emission intensity? Mechanism and threshold effect

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Against the background of carbon emission reduction, green finance (GF) has become a crucial financial instrument that promotes industrial...     

活性炭吸附和脱附-等离子体氧化净化有机废气的研究

根据滑动弧放电等离子体适于降解高浓度有机物废气的特性,结合活性炭吸附法,提出了吸附器的吸附浓缩和热脱附-等离子体氧化净化有机废气的方法。在活性炭吸附过程中,最初2 h内甲苯净化率达到100%,随着时间的增加净化率下降;在热脱附滑动弧放电等离子体净化过程中,甲苯降解效率最高为97.3%。将滑动弧放电等离子体反应器出口气相产物收集进行FT-IR检测,发现放电后有CO2、CO、H2O和NO2产生,并分析了甲苯的降解机理。     

Impact of carbon source on nitrous oxide emission from anoxic/oxic biological nitrogen removal process and identification of its emission sources

Wastewater treatment is an important source of nitrous oxide (N₂O), which is a strong greenhouse gas and dominate ozone-depleting substance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbon source on N₂O emission from anoxic/oxic biological nitrogen removal process. The mechanisms of N₂O emission were also studied. Long-term experiments were operated to evaluate the effect of three different carbon sources (i.e., glucose, sodium acetate, and soluble starch) on N₂O emission characteristics. And batch experiments, in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors, were carried out to identify the sources of N₂O emission. The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and denitrifiers community compositions under different circumstances were also analyzed based on which the underlying mechanisms of N₂O emission were elucidated. The conversion ratios of N₂O in reactors with glucose, sodium acetate, and soluble starch were 5.3 %, 8.8 %, and 2.8 %, respectively. The primary process responsible for N₂O emission was nitrifier denitrification by Nitrosomonas-like AOB, while denitrification by heterotrophic denitrifiers acted as the sink. Reactor with sodium acetate showed the highest N₂O emission, together with the highest nitrogen and phosphate removal ratios. Carbon source has a significant impact on N₂O emission quantity and relatively minor effect on its production mechanism.     

Retailer-driven carbon emission reduction: contract design in the presence of information asymmetry and cap-and-trade

This study considers a supply chain consisting of a dominant brand-name retailer and a manufacturer in the presence of a cap-and-trade mechanism and consumers’ low-carbon preference. The retailer exerts advertising efforts, while lacks of the manufacturer’s private carbon emission reduction effort cost information. We construct the benchmark model with information symmetry and asymmetry respectively. We obtain all members’ equilibrium solutions and analytically examine the impact of the manufacturer’s carbon emission reduction effort cost, the retailer’s advertising effort cost, and consumers’ low-carbon preference on the supply chain members’ decisions. And then, we systematically compare two scenarios to obtain the condition in which the manufacturer would be willing to share the private information. With the aim of improving the manufacturer’s carbon emission reduction effort level and all members’ economic performance, we further propose a two-part tariff contract for information symmetry and asymmetry, respectively.

     

Allocation of carbon emission allowance based on DLA-GA model: a case study in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To achieve China’s determined contributions by 2030 and establish nationwide carbon emission trading system (ETS) which main participants are...     

Combined measurements of thermal emission and solar absorption of atmospheric carbon monoxide

A new technique using ground-based FTIR spectroscopy has been developed to investigate the vertical distribution of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere. Complementary measurements of atmospheric emission and solar absorption over the infrared region have been carried out sequentially to determine the amounts of carbon monoxide in the lower and upper atmosphere. The method is based on the fact that the two techniques of remote sensing are inherently sensitive to the carbon monoxide amount in different regions of the atmosphere. The measurements have been made under summertime conditions at a northern mid-latitude rural setting with a relatively pollution-free atmosphere. The total zenith column amount was determined to be 1.84×10¹⁸ molecules cm^-2±7% which was based on the solar absorption measurement. From the analysis of the thermal emission spectrum, which is sensitive to carbon monoxide only in the lower troposphere, a zenith column amount of 1.01×10¹⁸ molecules cm^-2±10% was estimated for the first 4.8 km of the atmosphere; this corresponded to an average carbon monoxide mixing ratio of 118 ppbv. Comparing the results of the two measurements indicated that a zenith column amount 8.3×10¹⁷ molecules cm^-2±20%, or an average mixing ratio of 66 ppbv, was present in the free troposphere above an altitude of 4.8 km. These results are consistent with those reported for other northern mid-latitude locations using various in situ and solar absorption measuring techniques.     

Black carbon particulate matter emission factors for buoyancy-driven associated gas flares

Flaring is a technique used extensively in the oil and gas industry to burn unwanted flammable gases. Oxidation of the gas can preclude emissions of methane (a potent greenhouse gas); however, flaring creates other pollutant emissions such as particulate matter (PM) in the form of soot or black carbon (BC). Currently available PM emissionfactors for flares were reviewed and found to be questionably accurate, or based on measurements not directly relevant to open-atmosphere flares. In addition, most previous studies of soot emissions from turbulent diffusion flames considered alkene or alkyne based gaseous fuels, and few considered mixed fuels in detail and/or lower sooting propensity fuels such as methane, which is the predominant constituent of gas flared in the upstream oil and gas industry. Quantitative emission measurements were performed on laboratory-scale flares for a range of burner diameters, exit velocities, and fuel compositions. Drawing from established standards, a sampling protocol was developed that employed both gravimetric analysis of filter samples and real-time measurements of soot volume fraction using a laser-induced incandescence (LII) system. For the full range of conditions tested (burner inner diameter [ID] of 12.7-76.2 mm, exit velocity 0.1-2.2 m/sec, 4- and 6-component methane-based fuel mixtures representative of associated gas in the upstream oil industry), measured soot emission factors were less than 0.84 kg soot/10(3) m3 fuel. A simple empirical relationship is presented to estimate the PM emission factor as a function of the fuel heating value for a range of conditions, which, although still limited, is an improvement over currently available emission factors.     

The relationship between carbon dioxide emission and crop and livestock production indexes: a dynamic common correlated effects approach

Rapid increase in carbon dioxide emission triggers climate change, while climate change poses a threat to food security. On the other hand, emission increase as a result of agricultural production continues. Considering this cycle, it is thought that examining the relationship between agricultural production and carbon dioxide emissions can help countries take emission-reducing measures and develop policies to ensure food safety. With this thought, a common correlated effect estimator was used in this study to explain the relationship between crop and livestock production index and carbon dioxide emission of 184 countries with the use of data for the period of 1998–2014. Countries were classified under four categories: low-income countries, lower middle–income countries, upper middle–income countries and high-income countries. According to DCCE test results, it was reported that a 1% increase in crop production index had effect on CO₂ emission only in lower middle–income countries. A 1% increase in livestock production index, on the other hand, was reported to increase CO₂ emission rates by 0.28, 0.49, and 0.39 in lower middle–income, upper middle–income, and high-income countries, respectively. When evaluated in general, it could be stated that livestock breeding has a higher effect on CO₂ emission in agricultural production. The findings of the present study revealed that countries need to improve agricultural production methods in ways to minimize the positive association between vegetative and livestock production in accordance with their level of development, to adopt more environment-friendly agricultural technologies and to endorse international environmental policies.

     

Effects of urbanization and nonrenewable energy on carbon emission in Africa

This study investigates the impact of urbanization and nonrenewable energy consumption on carbon emissions. The context of the analysis is 54 African Union countries from 1996 to 2019. For estimation, we use panel quantile regression (PQR) and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS). Our regression results demonstrate that there is a positive correlation between urbanization and CO₂ emission. Further, our empirical results confirmed that nonrenewable energy consumption increases environmental pollution in African Union countries. The outcomes demonstrate the EKC hypothesis because at the initial stage of development, when economic growth increases, environmental pollution increases; after a threshold point, environmental pollution decreases as economic growth increases. It can find an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO₂ emission. The findings also show that urbanization should be planned; otherwise, it can lead to environmental degradation in the long run. Africa continent takes strict action and builds a blueprint for efficient and effective energy production and consumption. The only solution to achieve green growth in Africa is to shift from fossil fuel energy supply to renewable energy supply.

     

Spatial–temporal characteristics and regional differences of the freight transport industry’s carbon emission efficiency in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The freight transport industry is an important field in which to achieve the goal of carbon emission reduction within the transportation industry....     

Methane emission from lakes

A physico-chemical model to describe methane and carbon dioxide emission from lakes was developed. The model describes the emission by diffusion, bubbles and plants. The intensity of the fluxes can be calculated either for total or particular emission in dependence on gas bubbles composition. It was found, that diffusional (Q) and bubble (J) fluxes depend on the methane molar ratio (X) in bubbles as follows: [formula: see text]. The model allows to estimate the role of the methane oxidation by atmospheric oxygen in the total methane flux. It was shown, that the methane oxidation does not influence much methane fluxes to the atmosphere for most of the experimentally observed situations.