试论实验技术物资的采购与管理

在高等职业技术院校的教学、科研和实验中所使用的实验技术物资种类繁多,性质各异.为适应教学和科研的需要,实验技术物资一般分为低值易耗品和高值耐用品两大类.文章客观而科学地分析了上述两类物资的采购和管理方法.     

我院国资管理的现状及思考

阐述了高职院校国有资产管理的内涵和意义;范畴和分类;分析了院国有资产管理的现状与问题:资产投入需要广辟渠道,资产配置需要科学合理,资产流失需要严格控制,物资采购需要提质增速.提出了院国有资产管理的7条改革与探索思考:进一步健全和理顺管理体制,进一步健全和规范资产制度,进一步加强和提高资经效益,进一步改进和提高配置质量,进一步开源和节流学院资产,进一步清理和登记资产信息,进一步注重和确保资产安全.参3.     

欧洲城市绿色采购者网络(EMGPN)

现有联网举措我们如何进行可持续生产与消费 ?工商企业力求认证其环境管理活动和发展产品管理模式 ;各不同层次的政府利用其购买力作为一种刺激寿命周期分析和革新性市场的途径 ;而消费者及其它非政府组织与零售商一道工作 ,以促进更绿色产品的可得性 .然而 ,迄今为止 ,这些活动大多数都各干各的 .欧洲绿色采购网络 ( EGPN )是1 997年 1 2月推出的 ,旨在便利公共部门和私有部门以及政府组织和非政府组织中所涉及的各种利害攸关者的绿色采购举措 .它效仿 1 996年为促进绿色产品供应与采购而成立的“日本绿色采购网络”树立的榜样 .EGPN的…     

试论高校学生思想政治工作与大学生宿舍管理

大学生宿舍是大学生学习、生活和思想交流的基本单位,它是大学生身心健康成长的重要场所,也是高等学校建设社会主义精神文明的窗口,对大学生各方面的发展有直接的影响.因此,加强大学生宿舍管理,是高校思想政治工作的重要组成部分,是加强高校思想政治教育的有效途径.     

论高等院校图书馆效益评价

图书馆效益是指其服务过程中所产生的直接或间接的社会效益和经济效益.对这种效益进行科学管理,将进一步优化图书馆工作流程,推动图书馆事业积极发展.本文首先分析了图书馆效益的产生和科学管理,然后结合当前高校图书馆的工作实际,论述了图书馆效益评价的具体内容、评价方法,提出了相关改进建议.     

依托普通高等学校培养军队干部制度探析

以信息技术为核心的新技术革命将人类社会带入了21世纪这个信息时代,使战争形态从机械化战争走向信息化战争,从而引起了军事领域一系列的深刻变革.本文通过推进中国特色军事变革,从我军干部培养体制、干部队伍建设的历程、普通高等学校实力与发展和世界主要军事强国的人才建设经验等四个方面,论述了建立依托普通高等学校培养军队干部制度,是推进中国特色军事变革的迫切要求.     

浅谈高等职业院校班主任管理工作

班主任工作在教育和培养当代大学生过程中起到了非常重要的作用,特别是在高等职业院校,建设一支高素质的班主任队伍,改进班主任的工作方法更有必要.     

新世纪高校教师思想政治工作的几点思考

做好新世纪高校教师的思想政治工作,必须进一步解放思想,拓宽思路,注重调整教育内容,切实改进工作方法.     

对高校学生党员教育与管理的思考

高校学生党员教育与管理,是高校党建工作的重要组成部分.面对新形势与新任务,根据高校学生党员自身特点和规律,加强和改进学生党员教育与管理工作,对加强高校学生管理工作将起到十分重要作用.     

改进新形势下高校的思想政治工作

高校的宗旨是培养“四有”新人.要实现这一目标,必须牢固树立思想政治工作是一切工作的生命线意识,认清形势,抓住重点,务实作出创新、齐抓共管,才能切实和改进新形势下高校的思想政治工作中.     

高职院校基建项目工程造价管理问题初探

工程造价管理,是高职院校基建项目管理的核心.在总结高职院校基建项目工程造价管理的基础上,通过分析项目前期决策阶段、项目设计阶段、项目招投标过程、工程材料价格信息管理及全过程跟踪审计中存在的问题,提出了做好前期决策工作、强化项目设计管理、创新项目承发包措施、强化工程材料的认质定价管理、强化基建项目全过程跟踪审计等加强基建项目工程造价管理的建议.     

An experiment on the economic value of visibility

This paper reports on the development and application of an iterative bidding technique to examine proposed visibility reductions in the Four Corners Region of the southwest United States. The iterative bidding technique is a method to elicit honest bids for “goods” not priced in formal markets. Four issues associated with direct revelation of preferences for environmental goods are explored: (1) the establishment of linkages between the physical parameters of visibility and representation of the “good” called visibility to individuals for valuation purposes; (2) a systematic test for both observed and induced biases associated with the interative bidding technique; (3) replication of the results of previous experiments; and (4) reporting of empirical divergences between compensating and equivalent surplus measures of consumer surplus.     

The valuation of aesthetic preferences

This paper reports on a bidding game applied to estimate aesthetic damages from possible construction of the Kaiparowits power plant near Lake Powell. Three problems associated with the interpretation of bidding games are explored theoretically and empirically: (1) incentives for biased responses, (2) divergences between compensating and equivalent variation and (3) problems of interpersonal comparison in the aggregation of individual bids.     

Contingent valuation techniques for assessing environmental impacts: Further evidence

This paper provides further evidence on the development and application of the iterative bidding technique used to assess environmental impacts. Three specific issues—the hypothetical nature of the survey technique, the questionnaire information structure, and the bidding procedure starting point—are examined theoretically and empirically to determine their effect on individual bid behavior. The empirical results indicate that the importance of these influences may have been overstated in earlier studies.     

Bidding games for valuation of aesthetic environmental improvements

An empirical case study of the benefits of abatement of aesthetic environmental damage associated with the Four Corners power plant and Navajo mine using the bidding game technique is presented. Bidding games were carefully designed to avoid the potential problems inherent in that technique. The results indicate the existence of substantial benefits from abatement of this aesthetic environmental damage. Aggregate bid curves, marginal bid curves, and estimates of the income elasticity of bid are presented. The effectiveness of the bidding game technique is discussed.     

决策树法在投标决策中的应用

为了提高施工企业的中标概率,获取更多的利润,减少决策失误.本文对决策树法的基本理论、适用条件、绘制方法及选取最佳方案进行了探索.     

The Potential Impact of Geophagia on the Bioavailability of Iron, Zinc and Calcium in Human Nutrition

Geophagia, the deliberate ingestion of soil, is a complex eating behaviour with obscure aetiology and numerous health/medical problems. It is conventionally assumed that geophagia may help supplement mineral nutrients in individuals with limited intake of trace elements such as Fe and Zn. This view, however, has largely been based on the bulk nutrient composition of geophagic materials and the assumption that these nutrients are potentially available for absorption in the body. We have tested this assumption by equilibrating five geophagic materials collected from Uganda, Tanzania, Turkey and India with mineral nutrient concentrations and conditions similar to the gastrointestinal tract. The results showed that all five geophagic materials, regardless of their composition, sorbed large amounts of Fe and Zn across a range of dietary intake scenarios, even under acidic conditions (pH 2) similar to the stomach. However, significant amounts of Ca desorption were observed from calcareous soil samples. The findings show that while calcareous geophagic materials may supplement Ca, geophagia can potentially cause Fe- and Zn-deficiency. This is consistent with mineral nutrient deficiency problems observed in clinical nutrition studies conducted amongst geophagic populations.     

Attached cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 on selected solids and the effect of surface properties on attachment

Attachment of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 was tested on certain materials. A criterion for selection of materials was used to choose seven materials. The amount of S. sp. LX1 attached on polyurethane foam was 51.74 mg/L. Materials’ surface influenced the attachment of microalgae. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties also affected the attachment of S. sp. LX1. Attached cultivation systems in the literature do not present a methodology to screen materials for microalgal growth. Hence, a method is needed to find suitable materials for attached cultivation that may enhance attachment of microalgae. In this paper, we have tested seven materials culturing Scenedesmus sp. LX1 (S. sp. LX1) to evaluate the attachment of microalgae on the material surface, its growth in suspension phase and the properties of the materials. Two materials showed attachment of S. sp. LX1, polyurethane foam and loofah sponge, and allowed microalgae to grow both in the surface of the material and suspended phase. Polyurethane foam proved to be a good material for attachment of S. sp. LX1 and the amount of attached microalgae obtained was 51.73 mg/L when adding 100 pieces/L. SEM images showed that the surface and the pore size of the materials affected the attachment of the microalgae, increasing its attachment in scaffold-like materials. Furthermore, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the materials also affected the attachment of microalgae. This research can be used as a methodology to search for the assessment of a material suitable for attachment of microalgae.     

Buybacks with costly participation

Posted price offers and first price auctions, along with the multi-unit discriminatory auction extension, are two widely used mechanisms for allocating conservation contracts. The choice between the two typically hinges on the trade-off between the posted price's simplicity and the potential revenue gains of the auction. In this paper we introduce a novel mechanism that attempts to bridge the gap between the performance of posted price offers and auctions. A two-price and lottery schedule combines the simplicity of the former with some of the flexibility of the latter. Using a model that incorporates agents' cognitive and information costs of bidding, we analyze how the ranking of allocative efficiency and cost-effectiveness between the mechanisms varies as the wedge of participation costs increases. When the number of bidders is endogenously determined by participation costs, bid shading associated with a lack of competition in the auction compromises its cost-effectiveness vis-à-vis the posted price and the lottery schedule. We use data from three recent buybacks for fishing licenses conducted in Maryland to calibrate our model and identify conditions under which the two-price schedule outperforms the other mechanisms.     

Cement industry: sustainability, challenges and perspectives

Cement-based materials, such as concrete and mortars, are used in extremely large amounts. For instance, in 2009 concrete production was superior to 10 billion tons. Cement plays an important role in terms of economic and social relevance since it is fundamental to build and improve infrastructure. On the other hand, this industry is also a heavy polluter. Cement production releases 5–6% of all carbon dioxide generated by human activities, accounting for about 4% of global warming. It can release huge amounts of persistent organic pollutants, such as dioxins and heavy metals and particles. Energy consumption is also considerable. Cement production use approximately 0.6% of all energy produced in the United States. On the other hand, the chemistry underlying cement production and its applications can be very helpful to overcome these environmental issues. In terms of manufacture, there are many alternative materials that can be used to minimize carbon dioxide production and reduce energy consumption, such as calcium sulfoaluminates and β-Ca₂SiO₄—rich cements. Using residues from other industrial sectors can also improve the sustainability of cement industry. Under adequate conditions, waste materials such as tyres, oils, municipal solid waste and solvents can be used as supplementary fuel in cement plants. Concrete can be used for encapsulation of waste materials such as tyres, plastics and glasses. In this review, we discuss some aspects of the cement industry associated with environmental science. Other issues such as economic aspects, the chemistry of cement manufacture and its properties are also presented. Special attention is given to the role that cement chemistry can play in terms of sustainability. The most relevant aspects are outlined, such as the use of alternative materials, new possibilities and also the recycling of materials. It is also argued that an important aspect is the role of research and development necessary to improve cement sustainability.