Diana Feliciano 《Sustainable Development》2019,27(4):795-808

Crop diversification is one of the most cost‐effective way of reducing uncertainties in farmer's income, especially among poor smallholder farmers. However, poverty is a complex concept, which includes more dimensions than only income. This review investigates the contribution of crop diversification to Sustainable Development Goal 1(SDG1) “No poverty” by also considering other dimensions of poverty, namely gender equality, food security and nutrition, and vulnerability to climate change. It demonstrates that the contribution of crop diversification to food security and nutrition, gender equality, and reduction of poor farmers' vulnerability to climate change has not been properly researched. Several factors across the studies analysed were found to influence the implementation of crop diversification, but these were hardly connected to poverty reduction. New research and policy impact evaluation methods that follow a sustainability approach perspective to poverty need to be undertaken in order to assess the contribution of crop diversification to SDG1.  相似文献   

    

Joo Marcelo Pereira Ribeiro  Issa Ibrahim Berchin  Samara da Silva Neiva  Thiago Soares  Celso Lopes de Albuquerque Junior  Andr Borchardt Deggau  Wellyngton Silva de Amorim  Samuel Borges Barbosa  Leonardo Secchi  Jos Baltazar Salgueirinho Osrio de Andrade Guerra 《Sustainable Development》2021,29(1):13-24

Global environmental changes coupled with socioeconomic changes are major challenges to food security. Changes in climate affect most food crops, particularly in countries that rely on agriculture for subsistence. The article proposes a model to analyze food stability in the context of climate change. Genetic improvement, agrobiodiversity, sustainable intensification, climate monitoring, and market monitoring were considered key perspectives for the balanced scorecard to achieve stability in food production. The set of perspectives and indicators were validated by 185 experts, which supported the creation of a balanced scorecard map to assist decision‐making. Therefore, the model could serve as an addition to FAO's approach to food security, driving actions related to global food policy. This research can also assist governmental policies to mitigate the effects of climate change on food stability around the world.  相似文献   

    

Wiltrud Terlau  Darya Hirsch  Michael Blanke 《Sustainable Development》2019,27(3):523-529

This paper reviews the role of smallholder farmers with respect to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Their double function in the adoption of the SDGs and their socio‐economic limitations have made it difficult for them to fulfil the expectations as promoters of sustainable development. Our analysis showed that 13 SDGs and respective targets address these socio‐economic limitations. We identified that the satisfaction of basic human needs is a central issue for smallholder farmers. Other essential issues are (a) innovative education and training options for producers; (b) new organisational forms such as cooperatives and start‐ups along the value chain from production to logistics and marketing; (c) financial support; (d) access to farming information; (e) suitable, low‐cost, and simple technological solutions and innovations; and (f) an enabling institutional environment. We grouped these issues under the categories “social,” “environment,” “economic,” and “governance.” To assess the double function of smallholder famers, we proposed to apply the handprint approach. This approach focuses on positive sustainability performance and on the social dimension, after modification for food and agriculture. It can therefore illustrate the potential of smallholder farmers as a backbone for sustainable development.  相似文献   

    

Ivon Cuadros-Casanova  Andrea Cristiano  Dino Biancolini  Marta Cimatti  Andrea Antonio Sessa  Valeria Yeraldin Mendez Angarita  Chiara Dragonetti  Michela Pacifici  Carlo Rondinini  Moreno Di Marco 《Conservation biology》2023,37(3):e14052

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the European Union's main instrument for agricultural planning, with a new reform approved for 2023–2027. The CAP intends to align with the European Green Deal (EGD), a set of policy initiatives underpinning sustainable development and climate neutrality in the European Union (EU), but several flaws cast doubts about the compatibility of the objectives of these 2 policies. We reviewed recent literature on the potential of CAP environmental objectives for integration with the EGD: protection of biodiversity, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and sustainable management of natural resources. The CAP lacks appropriate planning measures, furthering instead risks to biodiversity and ecosystem services driven by landscape and biotic homogenization. Funding allocation mechanisms are not tailored to mitigate agricultural emissions, decreasing the efficiency of climate mitigation actions. The legislation subsidies farmers making extensive use of synthetic inputs without adequately supporting organic production, hindering the transition toward sustainable practices. We recommend proper control mechanisms be introduced in CAP Strategic Plans from each member state to ensure the EU is set on a sustainable production and consumption path. These include proportional assignment of funds to each CAP objective, quantitative targets to set goals and evidence-based interventions, and relevant indicators to facilitate effective monitoring of environmental performance. Both the CAP and the EGD should maintain ambitious environmental commitments in the face of crisis to avoid further degradation of the natural resources on which production systems stand.  相似文献   

    

Kristin B. Byrd  Elliott Matchett  Claudia Mengelt  Tamara S. Wilson  Deanne DiPietro  Monica Moritsch  Erin Conlisk  Sam Veloz  Michael L. Casazza  Matthew E. Reiter 《Conservation biology》2023,37(5):e14089

Scientists, resource managers, and decision makers increasingly use knowledge coproduction to guide the stewardship of future landscapes under climate change. This process was applied in the California Central Valley (USA) to solve complex conservation problems, where managed wetlands and croplands are flooded between fall and spring to support some of the largest concentrations of shorebirds and waterfowl in the world. We coproduced scenario narratives, spatially explicit flooded waterbird habitat models, data products, and new knowledge about climate adaptation potential. We documented our coproduction process, and using the coproduced models, we determined when and where management actions make a difference and when climate overrides these actions. The outcomes of this process provide lessons learned on how to cocreate usable information and how to increase climate adaptive capacity in a highly managed landscape. Actions to restore wetlands and prioritize their water supply created habitat outcomes resilient to climate change impacts particularly in March, when habitat was most limited; land protection combined with management can increase the ecosystem's resilience to climate change; and uptake and use of this information was influenced by the roles of different stakeholders, rapidly changing water policies, discrepancies in decision-making time frames, and immediate crises of extreme drought. Although a broad stakeholder group contributed knowledge to scenario narratives and model development, to coproduce usable information, data products were tailored to a small set of decision contexts, leading to fewer stakeholder participants over time. A boundary organization convened stakeholders across a large landscape, and early adopters helped build legitimacy. Yet, broadscale use of climate adaptation knowledge depends on state and local policies, engagement with decision makers that have legislative and budgetary authority, and the capacity to fit data products to specific decision needs.  相似文献