一种定量评价随机振动试验效果的新方法--计量法

从随机振动试验的试验手段和试验目的出发,分析了试验效果好坏的评判原则,针对以往试验人员主观定性判断试验效果的情况。通过定义统计量实现了试验效果的定量评价,评价从响应的均方根值（RMS）和功率谱密度（PSD）两方面考虑。用双台振动试验模型数据仿真证明了该方法的有效性．并讨论了其应用价值。     

A comparative review of entrainment survival studies at power plants in estuarine environments

Steam-electric power plants drawing cooling water from surface waters entrain a variety of plankton and weak-swimming nekton. These small organisms pass through the intake screens and are carried along with the cooling water through the plant and are subjected to thermal, physical, and chemical (biocide) stresses. In once-through cooling systems, entrained organisms are returned to the source water body, where they are subjected to rapidly decreasing temperatures as cooling waters are mixed into receiving waters. With 4316(b) of the Clean Water Act as the impetus, studies were conducted at many power plants to quantify the number of entrained organisms. Early studies focused on simple abundance, and assumed total mortality. By the late 1970s and early 1980s, advances in sampling technology demonstrated that many entrained organisms survived. Continuing refinement of sampling techniques revealed impressive survival statistics for many species (>90% in some cases), with concomitant reductions in perceived impacts. This paper reviews state-of-the-art sampling methods and results of field entrainment studies at seven power plants. This review demonstrates that high entrainment survival of a variety of aquatic organisms does, in fact, occur and specifies the plant-operating and environmental conditions under which high survival occurs.     

Amniotic fluid pregnancy-specific β1-glycoprotein (SP1) in Meckel's syndrome: A new test for prenatal diagnosis?

Amniotic fluid levels of pregnancy-specific β₁-glycoprotein (SP₁) were elevated in four pregnancies with Meckel's syndrome at 16 and 26 weeks, and the levels of hCG were also elevated in three out of four cases. These findings suggest a potential new application of SP₁ measurement for prenatal diagnosis.     

Ingredients in sustainably managing water in semi-arid environments

The lessons learned from CALFED indicate that ingredients important in the long-term resolution of water management issues may not result in short-term “solutions”. The value of this special issue lies in its identification of ingredients that stimulate re-framing of issues, adapting to new knowledge and innovative decisions. But sustainable water management also requires the political patience to sustain those processes as a means of perpetuating the long-term decision-making necessary to anticipate and/or respond to an ever-changing environment.     

黄家埠排污口邻近海域水环境分析

根据2007年3、5、8、10月四个航次对余姚市黄家埠2个排污口的污水调查和8月对排污口及邻近海域的水质监测,发现:1号排污口水质中pH、COD在4个航次都超标,氰化物和Cu在3个航次均未做到达标排放;排污口邻近海域主要污染因子是氰化物、Cu,氰化物浓度很高已达到鱼类中毒浓度(0.03 mg/L),排污口邻近海域水质污染较为严峻.     

Diversity and distribution of proteorhodopsin-containing microorganisms in marine environments

Proteorhodopsin (PR) is a recently discovered protein involved in the utilization of light energy. Several studies have shown that PR-containing microorganisms are widespread and compose a large proportion of the biomass in marine ecosystems. A better understanding of the ecological role of PR will help clarify the effect of the global flow of energy and the carbon cycle on marine communities. In this study, a bioinformatical database of PR codon sequences, the Global Distribution Database of Proteorhodopsin (GDDP), as a tool for analyzing the diversity and distribution of PR-containing microorganisms in marine environments throughout the world was designed. The community structure of PR microorganisms were also compared using PCR assays and UniFrac analyses of 12 samples collected from three water layers (0, 75, and 200 m) at four representative sites in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The results indicate that PRcontaining microorganisms can be grouped into two distribution types: widespread and location-specific. Representative cases of the former include SAR11-PR and HOT2C01-PR. Interestingly, PR communities cluster by geographic locale but not by water depth.     

数字海洋中海量多源异构空间数据集成研究

针对目前海量多源异构空间数据在组织、管理、集成方面的困难以及传统方法在数据转化过程中造成的数据损耗等问题,结合海洋空间数据的特征,提出一种新的海量多源异构空间数据无缝集成技术(SIMMHS)。该技术针对底层海洋空间数据的海量性和异构性,利用FLEX和XML技术,以XML为数据转换格式,使用XML Schema建立了公共模型,利用虚拟空间数据搜索引擎作为中介实现平台,实现了对海量多源异构空间数据的无缝集成。结合数字海洋上海示范区建设项目的实际应用,有效集成了海量多源异构的空间数据,以方便用户的快速浏览查询、系统的三维展示和数据的实时更新。     

可剥性气相防锈涂料在海洋环境中的防锈实验研究

研制了一种可剥性气相防锈涂料,主要以乙烯基高分子树脂和环氧树脂为成膜物质,另还有复合型油溶性气相缓蚀剂、稳定剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂和混合有机溶剂等。该涂料能够在常温下快速成膜,所形成的涂层具有优良的柔韧性能、耐冲击强度、气相防锈性能和可大面积地进行剥离性能。针对4种不同的海洋环境进行了实际的防锈性能实验,结果表明该涂料短期内可以在海洋环境下对金属进行防锈。     

应用流式细胞术测定水体异养细菌

比较了未经固定的新鲜样品与用不同固定剂固定的不同预处理方法及不同染色条件包括染色时间、新鲜样品添加与不添加RNA酶或柠檬酸钾,对用流式细胞术测定近岸海水与淡水中的异养细菌的影响,认为现场计数水体中异养细菌细胞,可省略固定和酶解等步骤,在大大节省时间和财力的同时而不影响测定结果。