Photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CaTiO3 under UV-visible light

The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue（MB） over Fe-doped CaTiO3 under UV-visible light was investigated. The as-prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM） equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS） system, Fourier transform infrared spectra（FT-IR）, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（DRS）. The results show that the doping with Fe significantly promoted the light absorption ability of CaTiO3 in the visible light region. The Fe-doped CaTiO3 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than CaTiO3 for the degradation of MB.However, the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped CaTiO3 was greatly influenced by the calcination temperature during the preparation process. The Fe-doped CaTiO3 prepared at500°C exhibited the best photocatalytic activity, with degradation of almost 100% MB（10 ppm）under UV-visible light for 180 min.     

Preparation and characterization of visible-light-active nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalyst

A visible-light photocatalyst was prepared by calcination of the hydrolysis product of Ti(SO4)2 with ammonia as precipitator. The color of this photocatalyst was vivid yellow. It could absorb light under 550 nm wavelength. The crystal structure of anatase was characterized by XRD. The structure analysis result of X-ray fluorescence(XRF) shows that doped-nitrogen was presented in the sample. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated using methyl orange and phenol as model pollutants. The photocatalytic activities of samples were increasing gradually with calcination temperature from 400℃ to 700℃ under UV irradiation. It can be seen that the degradation of methyl orange follows zero-order kinetics. However, the calcination temperatures have no significant influence on the degradation of phenol under sunlight. The N-doped catalyst shows higher activity than the bare one under solar irradiation.     

Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous Methyl Orange using nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared by novel method of ultraviolet-assisted thermal synthesis

A nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide composite photocatalyst(N–TiO_2) with heterojunction structures is synthesized by three different approaches: a novel UV-assisted thermal synthesis, annealing, and microwave technique. Photocatalytic activities of synthesized photocatalysts are evaluated by the degradation of Methyl Orange under ultraviolet light types A(UV-A), B(UV-B), and C(UV-C), visible light, and direct sunlight irradiation. Results show that by using N–TiO_2 photocatalyst prepared by the UV-assisted thermal synthesis and annealing, the degradation increases by 16.5% and 20.4%, respectively, compared to that by bare TiO_2. The best results are obtained at a nitrogen to TiO_2 mass ratio of 0.15(N:TiO_2). The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity observed in the visible range is mainly attributed to the increasing separation rate of photogenerated charge carriers. The novel UV-assisted thermal synthesis has produced encouraging results as a preparation method for the nitrogen-doped TiO_2 photocatalyst; thus, further studies are recommended for process optimization, immobilization, and scale-up to evaluate its applicability in wastewater treatment.     

Synergistic photocatalytic degradation of pyridine using precious metal supported TiO2 with KBrO3

A series of precious metals catalysts （M/TiO/, M = Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt or Au） were prepared by a light deposition method and the synergistic photocatalytic degradations of pyridine （20 mg/L） under UV irradiation （365 nm） using M/TiO2 with electron capture agent KBrO3 have been investigated. The results show that KBrO3 has a greatly synergistic role on M/TiO2 and the photocatalytic activity of M/TiO2 is closely related to its work function. Ag could greatly enhance the activity of TiO2 due to the binding characteristics of pyridine on Ag. Under the conditions of 0.5 wt.% Ag loading, Ag/TiO2 concentration of 0.1 g/L, KlrO3 concentration of 10 mmol/L and reaction liquid pH value at 9, the pyridine can be degraded by 64% within 3 hr, doubled than TiO2 photocatalytic system. The degradation kinetics of pyridine follows first-order kinetics and k = 5.53 × 10-3 min^-1.     

Synthesis,crystal structure,photodegradation kinetics and photocatalytic activity of novel photocatalyst ZnBiYO4

ZnBiYO4 was synthesized by a solid-state reaction method for the first time. The structural and photocatalytic properties of ZnBiYO4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance.ZnBiYO4 crystallized with a tetragonal spinel structure with space group I41/A. The lattice parameters for ZnBiYO4 were a = b = 11.176479  and c = 10.014323 . The band gap of ZnBiYO4 was estimated to be 1.58 e V. The photocatalytic activity of ZnBiYO4 was assessed by photodegradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation. The results showed that ZnBiYO4 had higher catalytic activity compared with N-doped Ti O2 under the same experimental conditions using visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange with ZnBiYO4 or N-doped Ti O2 as catalyst followed first-order reaction kinetics, and the first-order rate constant was 0.01575 and 0.00416 min-1for ZnBiYO4 and N-doped Ti O2, respectively. After visible light irradiation for 220 min with ZnBiYO4 as catalyst, complete removal and mineralization of methyl orange were observed. The reduction of total organic carbon, formation of inorganic products, SO2-4and NO-3, and evolution of CO2 revealed the continuous mineralization of methyl orange during the photocatalytic process. The intermediate products were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The ZnBiYO4/(visible light) photocatalysis system was found to be suitable for textile industry wastewater treatment and could be used to solve other environmental chemical pollution problems.     

Minimization of methabenzthiazuron residues in leaching water using amended soils and photocatalytic treatment with TiO2 and ZnO

In the present work, potential groundwater pollution by methabenzthiazuron （MTBU） and the effect of three different amendments （composted sheep manure, composted pine bark and spent coffee grounds） on its mobility were investigated under laboratory conditions. The efficiency of ZnO and TiO2 suspensions in the photocatalytic degradation of MTBU in leaching water was also investigated. The relative and cumulative breakthrough curves were obtained from disturbed soil columns. The presence and/or addition of organic matter drastically reduced the movement of the herbicide. On other hand, photocatalytic experiments showed that the addition of ZnO and TiO2 strongly enhances the degradation rate of this herbicide compared with the results of photolytic experiments under artificial light. ZnO appeared to be more effective in MTBU oxidation than TiO2. The results obtained point to the interest of using organic wastes and heterogeneous photocatalysis for reducing the pollution of groundwater by pesticide drainage.     

Reaction site and mechanism in the UV or visible light induced TiO2 photodegradation of Orange G

For TiO2 heterogeneous reaction, the reaction site and the detailed mechanism are interesting and controversy topics. In this paper, effects of surface fluorination of TiO2 on the photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye, Orange G（OG） under UV or visible light irradiation were investigated, and the possible reaction site and mechanism were elucidated. The adsorption of OG on TiO2 was nearly inhibited by fluoride but its UV light induced photodegradation rate was greatly increased by a factor of about 2.7, which was due to the more generated free hydroxyl radicals. It supported the views that fluoride could desorb the oxidant species from surface and that the reaction sites could move to the bulk solution. In TiO2/Vis system, the observed inhibition effects of fluorination could be interpreted by the competitive adsorption, which provided additional evidences that the visible light sensitized photodegradation of dye pollutants on the catalyst surface.     

Detection of intermediates in the TiO2-assisted photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation

The photocatalytic degradation of dye Rhodamine B （RhB） in the presence of TiO2 nanostdpe or P25 under visible light irradiation was investigated. The degradation intermediates were identified using Infrared spectra （IR spectra）, ^1H nuclear magnetic resonance （^1HNMR） spectra, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC-MS）. The IR and the ^1HNMR results showed that the large conjugated chromophore structure of RhB was efficiently destroyed under visible light irradiation in both the photocatalytic systems （TiO2 nanostfipe or P25 and Rhodamine B systems）. GC-MS results showed that the main identified intermediates were ethanediotic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and benzoic acid, which were almost the same in the TiO2 nanostdpes and P25 systems. This work provides a good insight into the reaction pathway（s） for the TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutants under visible light irradiation.     

Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol-A in the presence of prepared CexZn1-xO nanocomposites under irradiation of sunlight

Photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A （BPA）, a representative endocrine disruptor chemical, was carried out under irradiation of sunlight in the presence of CexZn1-xO nanophotocatalyst. Cerium （Ce） ions were successfully incorporated into the bulk lattice of ZnO by simple co-precipitation process. The CexZn1-xO composite nanostructures exhibited higher photocatalytic efficiency than pure ZnO in the degradation of BPA under sunlight irradiation and nearly complete mineralization of BPA was achieved. The degradation rate was strongly dependent on factors such as the size and structure of catalyst, doping material concentration, BPA concentration, catalyst load, irradiation time and pH levels. This work suggested that the CexZn1-xO assisted photocatalytic degradation is a versatile, economic, environmentally benign and efficient method for BPA removal in the aqueous environment.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of rGO/TiO2 for the decomposition of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation

Due to the low concentration of indoor air contaminants,photocatalytic technology shows low efficiency for indoor air purification.The application of TiO_2 for photocatalytic removal of formaldehyde is limited,because TiO_2 can only absorb ultraviolet(UV) light.Immobilization of TiO_2 nanoparticles on the surface of graphene can improve the visible light photocatalytic activity and the adsorption capacity.In this study,rGO(reduced graphene oxide)/TiO_2 was synthesized through a hydrothermal method using titanium tetrabutoxide and graphene oxide as precursors,and was used for the degradation of low concentration formaldehyde in indoor air under visible light illumination.Characterization of the crystalline structure and morphology of rGO/TiO_2 revealed that most GO was reduced to rGO during the hydrothermal treatment,and anatase TiO_2 nanoparticles(with particle size of 15–30 nm) were dispersed well on the surface of the rGO sheets.rGO/TiO_2 exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of formaldehyde in indoor air and this can be attributed to the role of rGO,which can act as the electron sink and transporter for separating photo-generated electron–hole pairs through interfacial charge transfer.Furthermore,rGO could adsorb formaldehyde molecules from air to produce a high concentration of formaldehyde on the surface of rGO/TiO_2.Under visible light irradiation for 240 min,the concentration of formaldehyde could be reduced to 58.5 ppbV.rGO/TiO_2 showed excellent moisture-resistance behavior,and after five cycles,r GO/TiO_2 maintained high photocatalytic activity for the removal of formaldehyde(84.6%).This work suggests that the synthesized rGO/TiO_2 is a promising photocatalyst for indoor formaldehyde removal.     

混晶纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化降解有毒有机污染物

以无定形TiO2沉淀为前驱体,在水热条件下得到了含板钛矿(121)相混晶纳米TiO2,考察了水热反应的温度和时间等因素对含板钛矿型TiO2光催化活性的影响.采用XRD、TEM对制备的TiO2进行初步表征,并结合光催化(λ≤387 nm)降解有机染料的光活性探针反应.结果表明,水热温度为150℃,时间为24 h时,可制得具有较高光催化活性的纳米TiO2,其纳米尺寸为14.20 nm,板钛矿相含量63.6%,锐钛矿含量为36.4%.光催化实验中跟踪研究了其对染料酸性桃红(sulforhodmineB,SRB)的褪色及2,4-DCP的降解情况,并对降解中间产物H2 O2、.OH进行跟踪测定,实验结果表明板钛矿相混晶TiO2的光催化主要涉及.OH氧化历程,光照射9 h对SRB和2,4-DCP的矿化氧化分别达到89%和78%,循环5次光催化降解SRB实验,催化剂表现出较好的稳定性,催化性能无明显变化.     

石墨烯/二氧化钛降解亚甲基蓝的研究

以钛酸丁酯和氧化石墨烯为前驱物,通过水热法制备石墨烯/二氧化钛(GR/TiO2)复合光催化剂。采用XRD、TEM和FT-IR等技术手段对GR/TiO2粉体的结构和形貌进行了表征。利用对亚甲基蓝光催化降解,考察了GR/TiO2的光催化降解能力,并研究了H2O2用量和p H等因素对光催化降解速率的影响。结果表明:复合催化剂中,TiO2为锐钛型晶体,粒径为25 nm左右,分散在薄纱状的石墨烯上;复合催化剂通过紫外光下光催化性能有所提高,对可见光产生响应,具有良好的稳定性;加入适量H2O2能提高反应速率,碱性条件下,对亚甲基蓝的降解效率更高。     

负载型二氧化钛光催化降解苯胺

以紫外灯为光湖，在圆柱型光反应器中，负载在镍网上的ＴｉＯ２为催化剂，研究了水中苯胺光催化剂降解行为，结果表明苯胺的降解动力学可用Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ－Ｈｉｎｓｈｅｌｗｏｏｄ方程来描述，对苯胺的浓度、介质ｐＨ、液体流速、氧气浓度和外加Ｈ２Ｏ２等因素对光催化反应的影响进行了研究，并以实验现象予以解释。     

Degradation of dyestuff wastewater using visible light in the presence of a novel nano TiO2 catalyst doped with upconversion luminescence agent

IntroductionEvery year ,the dyeing processes and dye productionbring large amounts of wastewaters containing highconcentration poisonous organic compounds ( Neppolian,2002 ; An, 2002) . If not being treated properly andbetimes , the wastewaters will serio…     

制药废水的Fenton光催化降解

以宜昌某药厂废水为水处理对象,利用Fenton光催化技术,在暗反应、可见光、太阳光及紫外光照射条件下跟踪测定废水COD对废水进行光催化降解研究,探讨了在太阳光及紫外光照射条件下Fenton试剂组分Fe3+与H2O2不同投料比、介质酸度以及温度对光催化降解废水的影响,得出了最佳的处理废水方案。     

铁-草酸配合物光分解降解活性染料的研究

研究了铁（Ⅲ)-草酸配合物在可见光及太阳光照射下，对活性染料的光解降解作用。结果表明，在pH=4．0、Fe(Ⅲ)／H2E2O4=0．060mmol／L／2．88mmol／L(草酸分2次加入)、光照3h的条件下，20mg／L的活性红的降解率为97．5％。溶液pH值、铁与草酸浓度比和活性染料浓度均对降解效果产生影响。     

Nafion膜中嵌入Fe~(2+)光催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究

将亚铁离子嵌入Nafion膜中利用Fe3+/Fe2+光催化降解亚甲基蓝,脱色率达90%。研究探讨了降解亚甲基蓝时H 2O2以及pH值的影响。亚甲基蓝光催化降解氧化反应符合一级动力学规律,表观速率常数为0.5689min-1。     

低浓度甲苯的气相光催化降解研究

研究了较低浓度的甲苯在较短停留时间时(17s～83s)的光催化降解,考察了甲苯初始浓度、停留时间、湿度、光源和催化剂载体等因素的影响,并分析了光催化处理降解能力随甲苯负荷的变化.研究表明,在较短停留时间时,甲苯降解率随进口浓度的增大而下降,且停留时间越短,随进口浓度增大而下降的越快;在某一停留时间范围内,甲苯的降解近似遵循一级反应动力学,动力学常数随浓度的增大而增大;低浓度时甲苯的光催化降解受湿度影响较小;低压汞灯为光源时甲苯的光催化降解率显著高于黑光灯为光源时的降解率;涂覆在不锈钢网状上的光催化剂性能随载体目数的增加而提高,但不及涂覆在铝板上的光催化剂.     

在TiO2催化剂上菲的光催化氧化反应研究

选择TiO₂ 粉末催化剂,在发射光谱为254 nm的15 W紫外灯照射下,反应液中Al3+,Fe3+和H2O₂ 浓度增加能提高菲的降解率;TiO₂ 表面载银量的增加能提高降解速度;TiO₂ 投入量在一定范围内随投入量的增加,光催化降解菲的速度也增加,但当投入量较多时又能降低降解速率;在酸性条件下,菲易被光催化降解;菲的起始反应浓度与反应速度成负一级反应动力学关系。      

磷钨酸光催化降解甲基橙溶液的研究

以磷钨酸为光催化剂,在紫外灯照射下,对模拟染料废水甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解反应;研究了催化剂加入量、甲基橙初始质量浓度、外加TiO2和氧化剂H2O2、KIO4对甲基橙溶液光催化脱色效果的影响。结果表明:100mL20mg/L甲基橙溶液光催化剂最佳用量80m g;在较低浓度下,甲基橙溶液的光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程;在特定条件下,(TiO2+H3PW12O40)/UV、(H2O2+H3PW12O40)/UV和(KIO4+H3PW12O40)/UV光催化体系对甲基橙溶液光催化脱色效果优于H3PW12O40/UV光催化体系。