碳中和视域下的垃圾精细化治理：日本吸收性卫生用品回收体系的构建经验及启示

通过循环利用，减少吸收性卫生用品产量和废弃量的陡增所带来的碳排放量，将加速碳中和进程。日本提供了吸收性卫生用品回收体系构建的先行经验，即以“政府引导—企业运作—社会团体协作”为顶层架构，明确制度、完备设施、完善渠道、宣传到户等。建议我国取长补短，在夯实法律法规和优化主体协同机制的基础上，重点着眼于突破技术壁垒、推动智慧化监管、深化绿色理念，以点带面推进吸收性卫生用品的回收循环试点，进一步推动垃圾分类精细化治理的进程。     

"绿色壁垒"的思考与应对

"绿色壁垒"是<WTO贸易与技术壁垒协议>的重要组成部分.随着中国加入wTO,世界经济的一体化,传统的非关税壁垒被逐步削减,绿色壁垒以鲜明的时代特征正日益成为国际贸易发展的主要关卡,因此研究wTO贸易技术壁垒协议中的"绿色壁垒",对于我国入世后的国际贸易、企业生产和民众绿色消费都具有十分重要的意义.     

龙元建设安徽水泥有限公司

龙元建设安徽水泥有限公司作为国家特级资质建筑企业上市公司——龙元建设集团股份有限公司（股票代码600491）下属子公司,是一家以生产高标号水泥为主的民营股份制企业。公司自成立以来,始终秉承“诚信为本,合作发展,奉献社会”的企业理念,连续多年获得安徽省优秀民营企业、“重合同,守信用”单位、“诚信示范企业”、“节能先进企业”等荣誉。     

数字

38亿只 据统计,2009年,我国已有上万家照明企业,产值达到230亿美元,节能灯产量为38亿只,约占全球产量的1／3,其中2／3出口,畅销170多个国家。中国照明电器协会理事长陈燕生表示,我国节能灯企业大多数规模仍然偏小,不利于产品质量提升和技术水平提高,应进一步提高产业集中度。“目前,飞利浦、欧司朗等节能灯领域的国际品牌厂商,几乎都由中国企业代工。”国家电光源质量监督检验中心（北京）主任华树明说,     

新能源汽车的拥堵之路

在新能源汽车的推广中,政府可谓是不遗余力,对生产和购买新能源汽车的厂商和消费者也给予了较大幅度的补贴,但是市场反应冷清。究其成因在于,新能源汽车的技术极度不成熟,技术路线不清。因此,政府应将产业政策的重点放在协助、支持和鼓励企业进行技术研发方面。推动新能源汽车越过技术壁垒,而不应急切于市场的开拓和占有。     

镁砂企业发展循环经济探析——以中兴矿业为例

镁砂生产是污染大、高耗能行业,生产过程中产生大量粉尘及固体废物。以辽宁中兴矿业集团有限公司为例,介绍镁砂企业如何实施循环经济理念,把经济活动组织成一个“资源-产品-废弃物-再生资源-再生产品”的循环生产新模式,通过“减量化、再利用、再循环”,使所有的物质和能源在这个不断进行的经济循环中得到合理、持久的利用。     

面对[复关]—企业应当强化哪些理念

加入“关贸总协定”,对我国的企业既是机遇,又是挑战。对此,我们要审时度势,抓住机遇,迎接挑战,做好与国际接轨的大文章。当前,必须从强化经营理念入手,提高我国企业的整体竞争水平。天津市经贸委主办的《工业经济导刊》1999年第71期刊登的《面对“复关”企业应当强化哪些理念》一文中提到了12个方面需要强化的理念,本刊予以摘登,供参考。     

环境保护工作喜结硕果

江汉油田地处江汉平原,是一个集油气生产、集输、盐化工生产为一体的大型油田开发企业。多年来,油田领导高度重视环境保护工作,认真贯彻落实国家和地方的有关环境保护方针政策,始终坚持“节约发展、清浩发展、安全发展”的理念,以建设环保和谐企业为目标,着力打造绿色油用,加强环保管理,积极治理污染源,     

环境保护工作喜结硕果

江汉油田地处江汉平原,是一个集油气生产、集输、盐化工生产为一体的大型油田开发企业。多年来,油田领导高度重视环境保护工作,认真贯彻落实国家和地方的有关环境保护方针政篪。始终坚持“节约发展、清洁发展,安全发展”的理念,以建设环保和谐企业为目标,着力打造绿色油田,加强环保管理,积极治理污染源,矿区环境质量得到了前所未有的改变。采油污水处理回注率达到了100％,实现了零排放。     

“绿色双指令”难住家电业

在遭遇贸易壁垒、技术壁垒后,中国家电企业又遭遇到了“绿色壁垒”。7月4日,从广东东莞市外经贸部门传出消息,因受欧盟“绿色双指令”影响,今年1月至5月,该市机电产品出口欧盟为24.6亿美元,同比增长仅为4.66%,远低于全市出口平均增长水平。而在此之前,机电产品出口在东莞出口产品中占据了大半份额。东莞检验检疫部门有关人士认为,在欧盟“绿色双指令”相继实施后,东莞涉及出口欧盟的家电企业将受到巨大冲击。据了解,所谓“绿色双指令”是指“WEE E指令”和“R OH S指令”。2005年8月13日,欧盟率先开始实施《关于废旧电子电气设备指令》(…     

WATER RESOURCES AND SOCIAL CHOICES1

ABSTRACT The problem of water resources management can be viewed as one requiring the existence and application of some type of “collective decision” mechanism. Currently, the general water resource decision problem is solved using an “individual decision” format without explicit consideration of the dominant social decision system. This paper demonstrates the need for blending technical planning activities with organized societal processes and then proposes a specific public decision framework to satisfy this requirement. The key element in this planning framework is a generalized “bargaining arena” which serves to link technical activities with the social system. Using this bargaining device we can (1) specify policy at a local level, (2) incorporate “social decision” rules into the planning process, and (3) provide local access to the decision process. A simple case of regional water quality management is used to describe the application of this planning procedure and to offer encouragement for successful use in more complex real-world cases.     

EFFECT OF “WHITING” ON OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND TURBIDITY IN OWASCO LAKE,NEW YORK1

ABSTRACT: The effects “whiting” (CaCO₃ precipitate) had on the optical properties and turbidity of the epilimnion of Owasco Lake, New York, were studied during the summer of 1985. Turbidity was partitioned according to “whiting” and non-“whiting” components utilizing a simple acidification procedure. Diffuse light attenuation was partitioned according to the attenuating processes of absorption and scattering. “Whiting” was present most of the summer. Two major “whiting” events occurred that caused major increases in turbidity and the attenuation of light. “Whiting” was the principle regulator of turbidity during the study; it caused increases in light attenuation by increasing light scattering. “Whiting” events can easily be mistaken by the public for phytoplankton blooms.     

The electric utility business case for investigating EMS: ISO 14000 and beyond

This article will focus on how a systems approach can be used as a strategic tool for environmental improvement that makes sense from a perspective of bottom-line financial performance. The author will discuss some real-world experience concerning how electric utilities are attempting to align environmental management more closely with business management theory and practice. The ISO 14000 standards have been proposed and, in many instances, finalized as global voluntary standards. How important will they be to the U.S. electric utility sector? ISO 14001, the EMS standard, has been promoted as a necessary “certificate” for those who sell products and/or services overseas. In fact, to be of value to most organizations, the standard must show that it can make a positive financial contribution, whether the service or product is marketed globally, nationally, or locally. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

新《环境保护法》对重污染企业盈余管理的影响研究——基于政治成本假说的实证检验

本文利用新《环境保护法》实施这一外生事件,采用双重差分模型,从应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理两个方面实证检验了政治成本对重污染企业盈余管理的影响。研究发现在新《环境保护法》实施后,相比于非污染企业,重污染企业面临更高的政治成本,其进行了显著的向上应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理,向外界传递了企业未来发展良好的信息。上述研究结论经过一系列稳健性检验依然成立。进一步的异质性检验表明:①基于产权性质的分析表明,本文的研究结论在非国有企业的子样本组中更为明显;②基于企业规模的分析表明,小规模重污染企业更倾向于进行向上应计盈余管理,但不同规模重污染企业的真实盈余管理没有显著差异;③基于市场竞争程度的分析表明,高市场竞争环境下的重污染企业更倾向于采取向上应计盈余管理,低市场竞争环境下的重污染企业更倾向于进行向上真实盈余管理;④基于经济发展水平的分析表明,东部地区的重污染企业倾向于向上应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理。本文研究结论与西方的“政治成本假说”并不相符,为中国情境下的“政治成本理论”发展提供了另一种证据,同时为进一步加强新《环境保护法》的环境规制效果提供了决策参考。     

国内外“食”旅游:“Food Tourism”“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”研究比较

基于文献研究法,对国内外1996—2020年721篇文献进行了梳理、归纳与总结,从年度载文量、来源期刊类型、基金项目资助等入手,比较了国内外“食”旅游:“Food Tourism”“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”的研究现状、热点及进展。结果表明:①国外“食”旅游研究已进入成熟阶段,国内正处拓展阶段。②国内外均采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法,国内以定性分析为主,而定量方法相对简单,国外定量方法趋于多元化、复杂化。③国内学者对“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”分别进行了研究。④文献研究得知,韩国“食”旅游研究对全球“食”旅游研究贡献巨大。     

碳中和背景下中国钢铁行业低碳发展路径

钢铁行业的低碳转型对于我国实现碳达峰碳中和目标具有至关重要的作用,有必要提前研究“双碳”目标下中国钢铁行业的发展路径及技术路线图。本文回顾了中国钢铁行业发展的历史趋势;归纳了钢铁行业实现低碳发展的主要技术选择;基于文献调研汇总了近年来关于中国钢铁行业低碳发展路径的相关研究,并总结了不同研究对钢铁未来低碳路径中关键参数的判断,包括粗钢产量、废钢资源量、电炉炼钢比例、低碳技术应用、能耗强度、二氧化碳排放等,同时分析了不同研究得出的普遍认识和主要差异。在研究中我们也简要分析了中国钢铁转型路径与全球钢铁转型路径之间的异同。基于上述分析,本文提出了“双碳”目标下中国钢铁行业发展路径的研究需求。     

Environmental and socioeconomic impacts of cobblestone quarries in Addis Ababa and implication for resource use efficiency,environmental quality,and sustainability of land after‐use

The extraction of construction material in Addis Ababa has been a source of public conflict for many years, especially in terms of quarry operation, displacement of people, rehabilitation of quarry sites, and land after‐use. One of the main reasons for the conflict has been the extraction sector's inability to adjust to the existing laws. This paper reports the findings of a study undertaken to assess the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of quarry mining in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and it prescribes interventions that can assist in mitigating the negative impacts of mining. Marked operational, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts have occurred as a result of cobblestone quarrying in Addis Ababa. Improvements in the mitigation of these impacts can be achieved if quarrying operations are planned prior to commencement; resource‐efficient and sustainable mining techniques are employed; stakeholder participation is enhanced; the government provides institutional, organizational, and technical support to the operators; regulations are improved and regulatory implementations receive strict follow‐up; and the provision of the Ethiopian constitution's regarding “rights to development” is respected.     

Including Public Perspectives in Industrial Biotechnology and the Biobased Economy

Industrial (“white”) biotechnology promises to contribute to a more sustainable future. Compared to current production processes, cases have been identified where industrial biotechnology can decrease the amount of energy and raw materials used to make products and also reduce the amount of emissions and waste produced during production. However, switching from products based on chemical production processes and fossil fuels towards “biobased” products is at present not necessarily economically viable. This is especially true for bulk products, for example ethanol production from biomass. Therefore, scientists are also turning to genetic modification as a means to develop organisms that can produce at lower costs. These include not only micro-organisms, but also organisms used in agriculture for food and feed.The use of genetic modification for “deliberate release” purposes, in particular, has met great opposition in Europe. Many industrial biotechnology applications may, due to their scale, entail deliberate releases of GM organisms. Thus, the biobased economy brings back a familiar question; is it ethically justifiable, and acceptable to citizens, to expose the environment and society to the risks associated with GM, in order to protect that same environment and to sustain our affluent way of life? For a successful innovation towards a biobased economy, its proponents, especially producers, need to take into account (take responsibility for) such issues when developing new products and processes. These issues, and how scientists can interact with citizens about them in a timely way, are further explored in projects at Delft University and Leiden University, also in collaboration with Utrecht University.     

CQC 3114-2015标准与CQC 3114-2009标准的主要差异

面对计算机行业的飞速发展,产品生产企业在不断创新技术的同时,也需要持续了解国家对产品节能认证及测试的最新标准,已满足产品节能的新要求。本文简述新旧版计算机节能认证技术规范的主要差异,运用实例比对阐述标准的使用,帮助企业更好的理解新版标准的实施。     

Putting the cart before the horse: Water governance and IWRM

Water governance has emerged as perhaps the most important topic of the international water community in the 21^st century, and achieving “good” water governance is now a focus of both policy discourse and innumerable development projects. Somewhat surprisingly in light of this attention, there is widespread confusion about the meaning of the term “water governance”. This paper reviews the history of the term's use and misuse to reveal how the concept is frequently inflated to include issues that go well beyond governance. Further, it highlights how calls to improve water governance often espouse predetermined goals that should instead be the very function of water governance to define. To help overcome this confusion, the paper suggests a more refined definition of water governance and related qualities of good water governance that are consistent with broader notions of the concepts. In light of the substantial resources allocated in its name, this paper's findings show there is significant potential to strengthen efforts at improving water governance.