葫芦岛市能源可持续开发利用的对策研究

葫芦岛工业技术和装备水平相对落后,万元GDP能耗大。本文针对葫芦岛市现阶段能源消费现状特征．对未来的能源消费进行了预测．提出了优化能源结构．建设多元化的能源供给体系：建设节能体系．提高能源有效利用率：实施环境友好的能源政策等建议。     

中国的能源问题与可再生能源发展规划

中国是一个能源生产大国，也是一个能源消费大国。2003年，全国商品能源生产总量为16．03亿吨标准煤，比2002年增长11％，其中：煤炭产量16．67亿吨、原油产量1．7亿吨、天然气产量345亿立方米，2003年，发电量1．9万亿千瓦时，比2002年增长15．5％，2003年底发电装机容量为3．85亿     

京津地区能源、大气污染物扩散对区域元素循环的作用

对京津区域１９８０－１９９２年间能源利用状况进行分析，并通过模式计算该区域大气污染物的扩散规律，结果表明，大气污染物随能源利用增加而增加，其增加速率ＮＯｘ大于ＯＳ２，经预测，至２００４年京津地区ＳＯ２排放量增咖１１．４０％，ＮＯｘ增加５６．８０％，由于气象和地形条件所致，该区域内不利于大气污染物远距离输送，这使箱型区域内物料平衡计算可以简化。     

我国可再生能源发展现状、目标和政策

可再生能源是中国重要的能源资源．在满足能源需求、改善能源结构、减少环境污染、促进经济发展等方面已发挥了很大作用。目前，在现有的可再生能源开发利用技术中，除水电外，风电和生物质能利用，可以说是最接近商业化的技术。[第一段]     

天津市"十五"期间能源生产消费现状分析

一、能源供给不断增长 “十五”期间，天津市能源供给比例不断提高．2005年一次能源生产量2663．93万t标准煤．比2000年增长1．22倍，年均增长17．3％．占全社会能源消费的比例达64．7％．比2000年提高21．7个百分点。其中原油生产量为1782．88万t．比2000年增长1．33倍，年均增长18．5％，占一次能源生产量的95．6％；天然气生产量为8．79亿m^3．比2000年下降3．4％，占一次能源生产量的4.4％。另外，天津市发电、供热和燃烧用煤完全依靠外省市调入。2005年原煤调入量为3334万t，比2000年增长35．0％．年均增长6．2％，占能源消费量的57．9％。     

全球能源消费与CO2排放量

在收集全球能源储量和流通状况的基础上，综述了世界各地区能源消费量和各国人均能源水平，汇总了全球ＣＯ２排放总量及各大洲对全球ＣＯ２排放量的贡献率，到２１００年，全球Ｃ矿量预计将从目前６０亿ｔ／ａ增加到３６０亿ｔ／ａ，同时，旨出１９９６年中世界人口１８．８％的北美、欧洲、日本、ＣＯ２排放３１．６亿ｔ（碳），占全球当年ＣＯ２排放总量的５２．４％。     

太阳能应用政府主导最重要

清洁能源应用势在必行 有关预测显示，如果不采取措施，50年后，大气中二氧化碳的含量将是现在的3．5倍。如果积极采取各种清洁能源替代技术，在25年内就能看到明显效果，50年内可将大气中二氧化碳含量降低到目前的水平。     

能源管理重要环节的落地执行

天津市锂离子电池单位产量综合能耗标准为:不大于365千克(标准煤)/万安时.历史数据即为我们的能源基准,针对各企业拥有唯一性.能源目标要在一定程度上低于地方单位产品能耗限额强制性标准365千克(标准煤)/万安时.能耗量的预测要分为车间直接生产设备能耗量预测和能源公辅设备能耗量预测两部分分别同时进行.由于能源公辅设备产生...     

多手段促进工业节能

改革开放以来，随着经济的快速发展，中国能源消费也快速增长。由于中国政府一直重视节约能源和提高能源利用效率等工作，中国GDP的增长速度远超过能源消费增长，能源消费弹性系数在0．55左右。以1978年不变价格计算，1978年到2005年的27年间，GDP年均增长9．4％，能源消费年均增长5．2％。但是近几年来，由于产业结构调整，     

国际能源署：当前是投资中国清洁能源黄金时机

5月18日，国际能源署高级决策顾问、国际能源经济协会会员弗朗索瓦丝阮18日在北京出席“中国替代能源与电力国际峰会”时说，当前正是对中国的清洁能源进行投资的“黄金时机”。他说，从90年代开始，世界经合组织成员国对能源的投资都在不断增加以满足需求的增长．     

朝阳市农村能源现状与开发利用途径

朝阳市农村能源资源十分丰富 ,但农村能源却普遍短缺。根据朝阳市农村能源供需矛盾 ,本文提出发展农村能源的措施     

基于LMDI方法的广东省生活能源消费影响因素分析

运用对数平均迪氏分解法(LMDI)构建广东省生活能源消费的因素分解模型,定量分析2000~2014年间能源结构、人口规模、居住面积和设备消费等因素的变化对生活能源消费的影响。研究发现,4种因素的累计效应均为正,而采用逐年效应角度观察,设备消费是生活能源消费增加的最大拉动因素,其次为居住面积。基于研究结果,提出降低居民生活能源消费的相关政策建议。     

Assessment of renewable energy potential and policy in Turkey – Toward the acquisition period in European Union

This paper aims to assess the renewable energy capacity of Turkey in order to consider main priorities in the energy policy of Turkey. In this paper, renewable energy potential and regulatory conditions are discussed in Turkey in comparison with European Union. The results of the study implemented within the framework of EnviroGRIDS project indicated a promising yet very susceptible future for the implementation of renewable energy power plants in Turkey. The forecasts have shown that the solar power potential utilization is becoming more significant after 2020. The projections for 2050 indicate that electricity consumption from small and medium renewable energy sources including solar and wind will constitute 15% of the total, whereas the solar thermal will constitute around 16%. Geothermal and other renewables will remain around 3%. According to the high demand scenario, in 2050 the share of hydropower in overall electricity generation will be 12%, followed by solar power at 7% and wind power at 3%. Additionally, renewable energy policy and regulations in Turkey and in EU are overviewed in this study. On the contrary to EU, the constant feed-in tariff amount does not consider capital investments of specific energy sources in Turkey that brings disadvantage to the implementation. However, new regulations published and currently applied should be accepted as milestones in acquisition period of Turkey in EU.     

江苏省节能减排战略研究

江苏省近年经济稳步增长,人民生活水平不断提高,但经济增长的代价是随之增长的能源消耗,导致对资源需求持续增加,对环境的不利影响日益突出,给节能减排工作造成了沉重的压力。在此对江苏省2000年～2006年社会经济发展与节能减排的耦合关系进行了全面分析．重点分析了江苏省经济总量和产业结构与能源消耗和“三废”排放的关联;总结了江苏省的能耗特点和节能减排工作中存在的问题;并根据江苏省千家企业和百家企业的分布以及不同行业“三废”排放量等指标,明确了节能减排工作的区域与行业重点,提出了江苏省的节能减排战略。     

论美国能源监管立法与能源管理体制

美国联邦政府从20世纪30年代开始制定能源监管立法。依据集中程度和立法主题,美国能源监管立法可分为电力管控、核能监管、能源安全、放松管制等4个发展时期。根据现行美国能源立法．美国能源管理体制分为联邦和州两个层次。在联邦层次,对能源进行监管的部门有美国能源部、联邦能源监管委员会、核能监管署、环境保护署、国会内政部等。其中,能源部主要负责能源发展和安全的大政方针的制定,联邦能源监管委员会的使命在于通过管制和市场的手段执行能源立法及能源政策。在州层次,一般由州能源委员会、州公用事业委员会以及州环保局负责州的能源监管。     

低碳经济下农作物秸秆能源利用需求性分析

本文介绍了农作物秸秆能源利用的几个途径,从能源短缺、环境压力、秸秆过剩数量压力以及发展农村经济等方面分析了在低碳经济下秸秆能源利用的需求性和紧迫性,提出应该加强秸秆能源利用技术研究,大力推广秸秆能源利用。     

Energy and environmental attitudes in the green state of Denmark: Implications for energy democracy,low carbon transitions,and energy literacy

This article investigates how a mix of energy-users from Denmark perceives energy and environmental issues such as the affordability of electricity and gasoline, the seriousness of climate change, and preferences for different energy systems. Its primary source of data is a pilot survey and energy literacy test distributed in English and Danish to 328 respondents spread across the country. The survey results are used to test four propositions about energy prices, being “green,” public knowledge and competence about energy issues, and self-sufficiency and sustainable technology. The data supports the propositions that Danes identify with “being green” and prefer national and local policies that endorse sustainable technology and being self-sufficient. However, the data also challenges the propositions that Danes would prioritize low energy prices and affordability as key energy concerns and that they are knowledgeable about energy and environmental issues. In this way, a problematic gap may exist between what many academic articles (and previous surveys) report Danish attitudes to be and what this study suggests they are. Given Denmark's ambitious low-carbon goals, these findings have clear relevance to other communities and countries seeking to decarbonize their own energy sectors.     

The value of energy efficiency programs for US residential and commercial buildings in a warmer world

US residential and commercial buildings were responsible for about 41 exajoules (EJ) of primary energy use per year in 2002, accounting for approximately 9% of the world fossil-fuel related anthropogenic carbon (C) emissions of 6.7 Gt that contribute to climate change. US Government-sponsored building energy efficiency research and implementation programs are focused on reducing energy consumption in US residential and commercial buildings and reducing these carbon (C) emissions. Although not specifically intended for adaptation to a warmer climate and less effective than under today’s cooler climate, these programs also could help reduce energy demand in a future warmer world. Warming scenarios projected by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001 imply net overall decreases in both site energy and primary energy consumption in US residential and commercial buildings, largely because of the reduced need for heating. However, there would be as much as a 25% increase in building space cooling demand and a significant part of the increase could be offset by energy-efficiency improvements in buildings. Overall, in the US, buildings-related energy efficiency programs would reduce site energy consumption in buildings in the US by more than 2 EJ in 2020 and primary energy by more than 3.5 EJ, more than enough to offset the projected growth in cooling energy consumption due to climate change and growth in the US building stock. The savings would have an estimated annual net value at 2005 energy prices of between $45.0 and $47.3 billion to consumers.

调整能源结构,减少大气污染物排放

上海在“十五”期间能源结构调整的重点为严格控制煤炭消费总量,加强煤炭洁净利用;加快电网建设和改造,优化电源结构;扩大天然气利用,建设天然气管网系统;建立能源安全供应体系,加强能源储备,到2005年,经过能源结构调整,煤炭在能源消费中的比重将下降到55%以下, 天然气和外来电能将上升到10%左右,与2005年的基础情景比较,实施能源结构调整后,上海将分别减少SO2和PM10排放量18万t和2.8万t,全市SO2和PM10排放总量可控制在45.7万t和12.4万t,与2000年基本持平。     

Scenario analysis of energy-based low-carbon development in China

China＇s increasing energy consumption and coal-dominant energy structure have contributed not only to severe environmental pollution,but also to global climate change. This article begins with a brief review of China＇s primary energy use and associated environmental problems and health risks. To analyze the potential of China＇s transition to low-carbon development,three scenarios are constructed to simulate energy demand and CO2 emission trends in China up to 2050 by using the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System（LEAP） model. Simulation results show that with the assumption of an average annual Gross Domestic Product（GDP） growth rate of 6.45%,total primary energy demand is expected to increase by 63.4%,48.8% and 12.2% under the Business as Usual（BaU）,Carbon Reduction（CR）and Integrated Low Carbon Economy（ILCE） scenarios in 2050 from the 2009 levels. Total energy-related CO2 emissions will increase from 6.7 billion tons in 2009 to 9.5,11,11.6 and11.2 billion tons; 8.2,9.2,9.6 and 9 billion tons; 7.1,7.4,7.2 and 6.4 billion tons in 2020,2030,2040 and 2050 under the BaU,CR and ILCE scenarios,respectively. Total CO2 emission will drop by 19.6% and 42.9% under the CR and ILCE scenarios in 2050,compared with the BaU scenario.To realize a substantial cut in energy consumption and carbon emissions,China needs to make a long-term low-carbon development strategy targeting further improvement of energy efficiency,optimization of energy structure,deployment of clean coal technology and use of market-based economic instruments like energy/carbon taxation.