可调频高声强声波吹灰器在烟气脱硝中的应用浅析

对SCR脱硝催化剂积灰堵塞原因及对空预器的影响进行了简要分析。介绍了SCR催化剂使用可调频高声强声波吹灰器进行声疲劳和抗压强度试验,结果表明,该新型声波吹灰器不会对SCR催化剂造成损坏。     

1000 MW机组SCR脱硝系统运行中的问题及措施

针对某电厂1000 MW机组SCR脱硝系统运行中出现的突出问题,分析原因并提出治理措施,经实践检验,通过优化燃烧调整、对氨喷射系统及导流板进行优化、更换液氨蒸发器、脱硝催化剂层增加声波吹灰器、空预器进行相应技改后,效果明显,脱硝系统及下游设备空预器运行正常,为同类机组脱硝系统的技改和运行提供了参考。     

机组负荷对SCR系统运行影响研究

对SCR烟气脱硝系统的性能检测指标进行分析,阐述了严格控制SCR系统出口氨逃逸率和定期冲洗空预器装置的重要性,建议可以通过加设省煤器小旁路来调节烟气温度,以保证SCR系统在低负荷下正常运行。     

ENSG-30000-125可调频高声强声波吹灰器除垢机理分析

目前国内燃煤电厂湿法烟气脱硫装置常因为GGH堵塞而被迫停运,为了解决这个问题,介绍了一种利用高声强声波吹灰器结合高压水冲洗,彻底解决GGH结垢堵塞的方法,并对高声强声波吹灰器的除垢机理进行了分析,认为高强声波的推拉作用可使换热器表面的硬垢因声致疲劳而松动、脱落,同时,降低灰垢在换热器表面的附着力。另外,针对强声波对GGH的机械作用力进行了平衡分析,认为在强声波环境下GGH运行是安全的。     

脱硫系统GGH吹灰器高压水喷嘴改进

GGH堵塞是脱硫系统运行常见问题之一,介绍了通过扩大吹灰器高压水喷嘴口径,增加喷嘴射流流量,提高对脱硫系统GGH清洗效果的途径,并实现脱硫系统不开烟气旁路挡板进行GGH波纹板高压清洗的目的。     

GGH换热元件结垢堵塞原因分析及防治措施

京隆发电公司脱硫系统运行过程中经常发生GGH换热元件结垢和堵塞现象,分析了GGH结垢和堵塞的原因,主要包括除雾器除雾效率差;脱硫系统水平衡设计不合理;除雾器冲洗水系统故障、设计不当或冲洗不足;吸收塔补充石灰石浆液量过大;GGH换热元件波形板或GGH换热面高度设计不合理;吹灰系统设计不合理;氧化风量不足;吸收塔液位长时间保持在高液位、消泡剂添加不足;燃煤硫分的变化及吸收剂品质不好等。提出了防治措施,较好地解决了GGH换热元件结垢和堵塞的问题。     

蓄热式热力氧化技术及其应用研究

蓄热式热力氧化技术具有净化效率高、运行成本低及安全系数高等优势,广泛应用于较高浓度废气的治理。简要介绍了蓄热式热力氧化技术的工作原理及各组成部件,包括炉体、切换阀、氧化系统,并通过对蓄热氧化技术在工业废气治理领域应用的初步探索,对未来该技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

燃煤电厂脱硫系统GGH堵塞的改造治理

GGH堵塞是燃煤电厂脱硫系统最常见、影响最严重的问题,解决该问题能促进脱硫系统安全、稳定运行.研究发现,更换换热元件以及改造冲洗系统能够有效地解决这个问题.实际应用表明,这不但解决了GGH堵塞问题,还带来了良好的经济效益.     

火电厂脱硝改造技术路线及方案研究

介绍了锅炉低氮燃烧技术及烟气脱硝技术的分类。通过技术经济分析的方法研究了火电厂脱硝改造的技术原则及应遵循的技术路线;并以锅炉低氮燃烧技术加SCR烟气脱硝技术组合改造为例进行了技术方案讨论,涉及锅炉部分的低氮燃烧改造、空预器改造以及SCR烟气脱硝部分的还原剂选择、催化剂选择、SCR入口参数等。     

300MW锅炉低NOx燃烧系统改造效果分析

针对日益严重的环境污染、锅炉热效率低等问题,阐述了燃煤锅炉炉内空间分级燃烧技术、煤粉浓淡高效分离技术改造项目和特点,提出了对燃烧器系统、一次风管道、二次风系统和空预器系统等系统进行具体的低氮改造措施。分析了300 MW燃煤锅炉低氮改造后的热经济性和安全性。经试验验证,1号锅炉低氮改造后,锅炉NOx 排放量大幅减少,排放浓度降到了280 mg／m3。     

烟气脱硝装置与电厂设备运行的相互影响

火电厂烟气脱硝装置中的二氧化硫、灰分、氨及催化剂中的各种重金属在高温烟气的作用下发生各种化学作用,生成的硫酸氢氨等产物对火电厂的各种设备均会产生不同影响.同时由于系统阻力及荷载的变化,也会对电厂其他相关设备产生影响,根据目前工程的运行经验,火电厂在增设脱硝装置后,均会对空气预热器、引风机、锅炉钢架等进行改造.通过综合分析烟气脱硝装置产生的影响原因及解决办法,为脱硝装置的设计提供参考.     

烟尘浓度分布对二次扬尘影响的探讨

电除尘器内电场断面烟尘浓度呈非均匀性分布,它是产生振打二次扬尘的重要原因之一,通过改善电场内部气流分布状况和使用出口向上的出气箱,可以减少振打二次扬尘,从而达到电除尘器高效除尘的目的。     

燃煤硫分对二氧化硫控制的影响

燃煤硫分不仅对SO2产生量有直接影响,而且对脱硫装置能否正常运行以及经济性也有影响。系统分析了燃煤硫分与脱硫装置的建设和运行、脱硫电价、脱硫成本、SO2绩效指标、煤价的关系,研究了其对SO2控制及经济性的影响,并指出了应对措施。     

Numerical simulation of municipal solid waste combustion in a novel two-stage reciprocating incinerator

A mathematical model was presented in this paper for the combustion of municipal solid waste in a novel two-stage reciprocating grate furnace. Numerical simulations were performed to predict the temperature, the flow and the species distributions in the furnace, with practical operational conditions taken into account. The calculated results agree well with the test data, and the burning behavior of municipal solid waste in the novel two-stage reciprocating incinerator can be demonstrated well. The thickness of waste bed, the initial moisture content, the excessive air coefficient and the secondary air are the major factors that influence the combustion process. If the initial moisture content of waste is high, both the heat value of waste and the temperature inside incinerator are low, and less oxygen is necessary for combustion. The air supply rate and the primary air distribution along the grate should be adjusted according to the initial moisture content of the waste. A reasonable bed thickness and an adequate excessive air coefficient can keep a higher temperature, promote the burnout of combustibles, and consequently reduce the emission of dioxin pollutants. When the total air supply is constant, reducing primary air and introducing secondary air properly can enhance turbulence and mixing, prolong the residence time of flue gas, and promote the complete combustion of combustibles. This study provides an important reference for optimizing the design and operation of municipal solid wastes furnace.     

Sulfur recirculation for increased electricity production in Waste-to-Energy plants

Sulfur recirculation is a new technology for reducing boiler corrosion and dioxin formation. It was demonstrated in full-scale tests at a Waste to Energy plant in Göteborg (Sweden) during nearly two months of operation. Sulfur was recirculated as sulfuric acid from the flue gas cleaning back to the boiler, thus creating a sulfur loop.The new technology was evaluated by extensive measurement campaigns during operation under normal conditions (reference case) and operation with sulfur recirculation. The chlorine content of both fly ash and boiler ash decreased and the sulfur content increased during the sulfur recirculation tests. The deposit growth and the particle concentration decreased with sulfur recirculation and the dioxin concentration (I-TEQ) of the flue gas was reduced by approximately 25%. Sulfuric acid dew point measurements showed that the sulfuric acid dosage did not lead to elevated SO₃ concentrations, which may otherwise induce low temperature corrosion.In the sulfur recirculation corrosion probe exposures, the corrosion rate decreased for all tested materials (16Mo3, Sanicro 28 and Inconel 625) and material temperatures (450 °C and 525 °C) compared to the reference exposure. The corrosion rates were reduced by 60–90%. Sulfur recirculation prevented the formation of transition metal chlorides at the metal/oxide interface, formation of chromate and reduced the presence of zinc in the corrosion products. Furthermore, measured corrosion rates at 525 °C with sulfur recirculation in operation were similar or lower compared to those measured at 450 °C material temperature in reference conditions, which corresponds to normal operation at normal steam temperatures. This implies that sulfur recirculation allows for higher steam data and electricity production without increasing corrosion.     

湿法脱硫系统经济运行对策研究

随着脱硫装置的大量投运,燃煤硫分、运行人员操作水平、检修人员技术能力都直接影响着脱硫系统的安全性和经济性。结合钱电公司的运行实际,当燃煤硫分和负荷的变化,原烟气的SO2浓度低于2300mg/m3,采用2泵运行;SO2浓度超过2300mg/m3时,采用3泵运行,脱硫效率均能达到设计要求。为此,降低脱硫系统入口SO2浓度是提高优化运行的关键。脱硫系统在线仪表的准确性和数据的有效性,直接关系到脱硫系统的考核和脱硫电价的补助,对脱硫系统的安全、经济运行起到至关重要的作用。