Effective removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ pollutants from wastewater by dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) process could enhance the removal the Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ with less absorbent. The removal rates of both Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ increased with the increase of voltage. The overall removal rate of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in the binary system is higher than that of Cd²⁺ or Pb²⁺ in the single system. DEP could cause considerable changes of the bentonite particles in both surface morphology and microstructure. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) was combined with adsorption (ADS) to simultaneously and effectively remove Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ species from aqueous solution. To implement the process, bentonite particles of submicro-meter size were used to first adsorb the heavy metal ions. These particles were subsequently trapped and removed by DEP. The effects of the adsorbent dosage, DEP cell voltage and the capture pool numbers on the removal rate were investigated in batch processes, which allowed us to determine the optimal experimental conditions. The high removal efficiency, 97.3% and 99.9% for Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺, respectively, were achieved when the ions are coexisting in the system. The microstructure of bentonite particles before and after ADS/DEP was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Our results suggest that the dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption method has a high capability to remove the heavy metals from wastewater.     

水环境中天然有机物对纳米颗粒吸附铅和镉的不同作用

为阐明天然有机物(NOM)在纳米颗粒(NPs)吸附重金属中的作用,研究了蛋白质(牛血清白蛋白,BSA)、碳水化合物(海藻酸钠,NaAlg)和腐殖酸(HA)对二氧化钛纳米颗粒(TNPs)和氧化铈纳米颗粒(CNPs)聚集沉降和吸附Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的影响.结果表明,当Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺在20—120 mg·L-1范围内,HA和NaAlg显著促进了TNPs和CNPs对这些金属离子的吸附(P<0.05),而BSA对这些金属吸附的影响甚微.TNPs-HA和TNPs-NaAlg对Pb²⁺的吸附分别提高了14%—41%和16%—57%,对Cd²⁺的吸附分别提高了12%—112%和22%—143%.与CNPs相比,CNPs-HA和CNPs-NaAlg对Pb²⁺的吸附增加了21%—71%和23%—65%,对Cd²⁺的吸附增加了26%—45%和45%—91%.并且NPs和NPs-NOM对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型.离子强度的增加抑制了NPs-HA/NaAlg和NPs对Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺的吸附,而pH的增加对NPs-HA/NaAlg和NPs吸附Pb²⁺和Cd²⁺起促进作用.     

Removal of fluoride from water using titanium-based adsorbents

Three adsorbents including TiO₂, Ti-Ce, and Ti-La hybrid oxides were prepared to remove fluoride from aqueous solution. The Ti-Ce and Ti-La hybrid adsorbents obtained by the hydrolysis-precipitation method had much higher sorption capacity for fluoride than the TiO₂ adsorbent prepared through hydrolysis. Rare earth (Ce and La) oxides and TiO₂ exhibited a synergistic effect in the hybrid adsorbents for fluoride sorption. The sorption equilibrium of fluoride on the three adsorbents was achieved within 4 h, and the pseudo-second-order model described the sorption kinetics well. The sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir model well, and the adsorption capacities of fluoride on the Ti-Ce and Ti-La adsorbents were about 9.6 and 15.1 mg·g^-1, respectively, at the equilibrium fluoride concentration of 1.0 mg·L^-1, much higher than the 1.7 mg·g^-1 on the TiO₂. The sorption capacities of fluoride on the three adsorbents decreased significantly when the solution pH increased from 3 to 9.5. The electrostatic interaction played an important role in fluoride removal by the three adsorbents, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicated that the hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent surface were involved in fluoride adsorption.     

Removal of lead from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite/manganese dioxide composite

A novel composite adsorbent, hydroxyapatite/manganese dioxide (HAp/MnO₂), has been developed for the purpose of removing lead ions from aqueous solutions. The combination of HAp with MnO₂ is meant to increase its adsorption capacity. Various factors that may affect the adsorption efficiency, including solution pH, coexistent substances such as humic acid and competing cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺), initial solute concentration, and the duration of the reaction, have been investigated. Using this composite adsorbent, solution pH and coexistent calcium or magnesium cations were found to have no significant influence on the removal of lead ions under the experimental conditions. The adsorption equilibrium was described well by the Langmuir isotherm model, and the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 769 mg·g⁻¹. The sorption processes obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The experimental results indicate that HAp/MnO₂ composite may be an effective adsorbent for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions.     

Selective recovery of Cu2+ and Ni2+ from wastewater using bioelectrochemical system

As the bioelectrochemical system, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) and the microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) were developed to selectively recover Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions from wastewater. The wastewater was treated in the cathode chambers of the system, in which Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions were removed by using the MFC and the MEC, respectively. At an initial Cu²⁺ concentration of 500 mg·L^-1, removal efficiencies of Cu²⁺ increased from 97.0%±1.8% to 99.0%±0.3% with the initial Ni²⁺ concentrations from 250 to 1000 mg·L^-1, and maximum power densities increased from 3.1±0.5 to 5.4±0.6 W·m^-3. The Ni²⁺ removal mass in the MEC increased from 6.8±0.2 to 20.5±1.5 mg with the increase of Ni²⁺ concentrations. At an initial Ni²⁺ concentration of 500 mg·L^-1, Cu²⁺ removal efficiencies decreased from 99.1%±0.3% to 74.2%±3.8% with the initial Cu²⁺ concentrations from 250 to 1000 mg·L^-1, and maximum power densities increased from 3.0±0.1 to 6.3±1.2 W·m^-3. Subsequently, the Ni²⁺ removal efficiencies decreased from 96.9%±3.1% to 73.3%±5.4%. The results clearly demonstrated the feasibility of selective recovery of Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ from the wastewater using the bioelectrochemical system.     

Preparation of a permanent magnetic hypercrosslinked resin and assessment of its ability to remove organic micropollutants from drinking water

A rapid and effective method based on a novel permanent magnetic hypercrosslinked resin W150 was proposed for the removal of organic micropollutants in drinking water. W150 was prepared by suspension and post-crosslinking reaction and found to possess a high specific surface area of 1149.7 m²·g^-1, a small particle size of 50 μm to 100 μm, and a saturation magnetization as high as 8 emu·g^-1. W150 was used to eliminate nitrofurazone (NFZ) and oxytetracycline (OTC) from drinking water compared with commercial adsorbents XAD-4 and F400D. The adsorption kinetics of NFZ and OTC onto the three adsorbents well fitted the pseudo-second-order equation (r>0.972), and the adsorption isotherms were all well described by the Freundlich equation (r>0.851). Results showed that the reduction in adsorbent size and the enlargement in sorbent pores both accelerated adsorption. Moreover, the effect of particle size on adsorption was more significant than that of pore width. Given that the smallest particle size and the highest specific surface area were possessed by W150, it had the fastest adsorption kinetics and largest adsorption capacity for NFZ (180 mg·g^-1) and OTC (200 mg·g^-1). For the adsorbents with dominant micropores, the sorption of large-sized adsorbates decreased because of the inaccessible micropores. The solution pH and ionic strength also influenced adsorption.     

Ca2+添加对微生物矿化固结Cd2+的影响

微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(MICP)可将游离的重金属离子转化为稳定的矿化物,在修复土壤重金属污染方面具有广阔的应用前景.本研究从铜陵矿区周边土壤中筛选得到1株产脲酶且耐镉矿化菌株CZW-1,16S rDNA鉴定为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.),并将其利用于添加外源Ca²⁺的矿化固结Cd²⁺实验中.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)以及X射线衍射(XRD)对矿化产物进行表征和分析.结果表明,添加一定浓度的Ca²⁺可促进细菌的生长,其最佳浓度为20 mmol·L^-1.且Ca²⁺的添加可提高细菌的最小抑制浓度和促进脲酶活性,提高对Cd²⁺的矿化率,加钙前后的矿化率由68.93%提高到75.95%.通过对矿化物的定性分析,可知加钙前后的矿物沉淀由单一CdCO₃变为CdCO₃和CaCO₃的复合沉淀,其表面也由严密紧实变成填满了小颗粒CdCO₃的多孔状.     

Preparation of a novel anion exchange group modified hyper-crosslinked resin for the effective adsorption of both tetracycline and humic acid

A novel hyper-crosslinked resin (MENQ) modified with an anion exchange group was prepared using divinylbenzene (DVB) and methyl acrylate (MA) as comonomers via four steps: suspension polymerization, post-crosslinking, ammonolysis and alkylation reactions. The obtained resin had both a high specific surface area (793.34 m²·g^-1) and a large exchange capacity (strong base anion exchange capacity, SEC: 0.74 mmol·g^-1, weak base anion exchange capacity, WEC: 0.45 mmol·g^-1). XAD-4 was selected as an adsorbent for comparison to investigate the adsorption behavior of tetracycline (TC) and humic acid (HA) onto the adsorbents. The results revealed that MENQ could effectively remove both TC and HA. The adsorption capacity of XAD-4 for TC was similar to that of MENQ, but XAD-4 exhibited poor performance for the adsorption of HA. The adsorption isotherms of TC and HA were well-fitted with the Freundlich model, which indicated the existence of heterogeneous adsorption through cation-π bonding and π–π interactions. The optimal solution condition for the adsorption of TC was at a pH of 5–6, whereas the adsorption of HA was enhanced with increasing pH of the solution.     

不同部位梧桐生物质炭对水溶液中镉吸附的机理

为了探究梧桐不同部位废弃物所制备的生物质炭(皮、枝、叶)对Cd²⁺的吸附效率和稳定修复的机理,以此为园林废弃物炭化利用在重金属污染修复方面的应用提供科学依据.利用实验室模拟法,通过高温煅烧法制备梧桐不同部位生物质炭,采用元素分析仪、比表面积及孔隙分析(BET)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜/能谱(SEM/EDS)及衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-IR)等技术研究不同反应时间、重金属浓度和溶液初始pH条件下生物质炭对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响,并运用四步萃取法和脱附实验分析生物质炭上Cd²⁺的吸附形态和稳定性.3种生物质炭都在8 h左右达到吸附平衡,最终吸附量依次为树皮炭>枝条炭>叶片炭;溶液初始浓度为0.5—2 g·L^-1时Cd²⁺的吸附量呈增长趋势,在2.5—3g·L^-1时逐渐平缓;生物质炭Cd²⁺吸附量均随着pH的升高而升高,但在pH值为5—8时,吸附的趋势逐渐平稳;树皮炭的酸溶态和非生物利用态的稳定Cd形态要高于枝条炭和叶片炭;比表面积不是影响梧桐生物质炭吸附Cd²⁺的主要影响因素,吸附动力学,ATR,XRD和重金属形态萃取均证实Cd碳酸盐类矿物生成是主导吸附机理;3种生物质炭的脱附量在4 h后逐渐趋于平衡,其中脱附量最大为叶片炭,最小为树皮炭.梧桐不同部位的初始性质对生物质炭吸附Cd²⁺具有明显的影响,其中梧桐皮具备更高的吸附量和重金属稳定形态,并且相比其他种类生物质炭有明显优势.因此,从吸附效果和生产成本的角度,本研究建议以梧桐皮为主,枝条和叶片为辅的生物质炭对重金属Cd进行修复治理.     

Effects of humic acid and surfactants on the aggregation kinetics of manganese dioxide colloids

The aggregation of common manganese dioxide (MnO₂) colloids has great impact on their surface reactivity and therefore on their fates as well as associated natural and synthetic contaminants in engineered (e.g. water treatment) and natural aquatic environments. Nevertheless, little is known about the aggregation kinetics of MnO₂ colloids and the effect of humic acid (HA) and surfactants on these. In this study, the early stage aggregation kinetics of MnO₂ nanoparticles in NaNO₃ and Ca(NO₃)₂ solutions in the presence of HA and surfactants (i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)) were modeled through time-resolved dynamic light scattering. In the presence of HA, MnO₂ colloids were significantly stabilized with a critical coagulation concentration (CCC) of ~300 mmol·L^-1 NaNO₃ and 4 mmol·L^-1 Ca(NO₃)₂. Electrophoretic mobility (EPM) measurements confirmed that steric hindrance may be primarily responsible for increasing colloidal stability in the presence of HA. Moreover, the molecular and/or chemical properties of HA might impact its stabilizing efficiency. In the case of PVP, only a slight increase of aggregation kinetics was observed, due to steric reactions originating from adsorbed layers of PVP on the MnO₂ surface. Consequently, higher CCC values were obtained in the presence of PVP. However, there was a negligible reduction in MnO₂ colloidal stability in the presence of 20 mg·L^-1SDS.     

Heavy-metal adsorption by non-living biomass

The adsorption of some heavy metals onto the walls of harvested, washed, and dried non-living biomass cells of different Pseudomonas strains was studied at optimum experimental conditions using a simplified single component system. The Langmuir adsorption model was found to be a suitable approach to describe the system via multi-step processes. Isotherms measured at 30.0°C and pH 5.5 with [M]_total = 10-100 mM for tight, reversible Cr⁶⁺(aq), Ni²⁺(aq), Cu²⁺(aq) and Cd²⁺(aq) binding by the cell walls of the investigated biomass fit the Langmuir model and give the pH-independent stoichiometric site capacities ν_i and equilibrium constants K_i for metal binding at specific biomass sites i = A, B, C, and D. Tight binding sites A, B, and D of the non-living biomass are occupied by Cr^VI, sites A and C by Ni^II, sites A and D by Cd^II, and only site B by Cu^II. It is concluded that ν_i is a stoichiometric parameter that is independent of the magnitude of K_i for binding site i and that the studied heavy metals selectively and tightly bind at different biomass sites.     

Simple fabrication of carboxymethyl cellulose and κ-carrageenan composite aerogel with efficient performance in removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from water

● A composite aerogel was simply obtained to remove various fluoroquinolones (FQs). ● The structural and textural properties of this composite aerogel are improved. ● Its adsorption capacity was improved at a low content of coexisting Cu²⁺ or Fe³⁺ ion. ● Two substructural analogs of FQs are compared to explore the adsorption mechanisms. ● This aerogel after saturated adsorption can be reused directly for Cu²⁺ adsorption. 3D composite aerogels (CMC-CG) composed of carboxymethyl cellulose and κ-carrageenan were designed and fabricated using the one-pot synthesis technique. The optimized CMC-CG showed a good mechanical property and a high swelling ratio due to its superior textural properties with a proper chemically cross-linked interpenetrating network structure. CMC-CG was utilized for the removal of various fluoroquinolones (FQs) from water and exhibited high adsorption performance because of effective electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding interactions. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a popular FQ, was used as the representative. The optimized CMC-CG had a theoretically maximal CIP uptake of approximately 1.271 mmol/g at the pH of 5.0. The adsorption capacity of CMC-CG was improved in the presence of some cations, Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions, at a low concentration through the bridging effect but was reduced at a high concentration. The investigation of adsorption mechanisms, based on the adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic study, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses before and after adsorption, and changes in the adsorption performance of CMC-CG toward two molecular probes, further indicated that electrostatic attraction was the dominant interaction rather than hydrogen bonding in this adsorption. CMC-CG after saturated adsorption of CIP could be easily regenerated using a dilute NaCl aqueous solution and reused efficiently. Moreover, the disused aerogel could still be reused as a new adsorbent for effective adsorption of Cu²⁺ ion. Overall, this study suggested the promising applications of this composite aerogel as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and recyclable adsorbent for the efficient removal of FQs from water.     

Shifts in Microbial Communities, Microbial Biomass and Organic Matter Mineralization for Three Mediterranean Soils Contaminated By Metals

Microbial communities (phospholipid fatty acid pattern, bacterial growing strategies, eco-physiological index (EPI) and total bacteria counts, as a number of heterotrophic cuhurable bacteria), substrate-induced respiration (SIR), and nitrogen mineralization were studied in three Mediterranean soils at three different depth levels (A, B and C). Soils were experimentally treated with a final concentration of 1000 ppm of trace metals (Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Cd²⁺). Soils were stored in 571 plastic containers for one year, and watered with 1001 during this period. Leachate was recovered through a bottom tap. Samples of the three depths were studied. Soil microbial communities showed different effects to other studies presented in the literature, but carried out on non-Mediterranean soils. Dramatic differences were found between treated soils and untreated ones, but not between soils or horizons. the treated soil displayed a decrease in CFUs, SIR N-mineralization and EPI together with a dominance of r-growing strategists. the relative moles percent of several PLFAs, especially 15:0, 16: 1ω7, cy17: 0, br18:0 and 18: 1ω7 decreased because of the pollution of soils, whereas 10Me16, 18:2ω6, cy19:0, i16:0 and br17:0 showed higher values than in untreated soils.     

Fabrication,characterization and evaluation of mesoporous activated carbons from agricultural waste: Jerusalem artichoke stalk as an example

This work explores the feasibility of Jerusalem artichoke stem (JAS), an agricultural waste, as an alternative precursor for fabrication of mesoporous activated carbon (MAC) via conventional ZnCl₂ activation. The as-prepared JAS-MACs were characterized by thermogravimetric, nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm and high resolution scanning electron microscopy analysis. The interacting effects of chemical dosage, activation temperature and time on the mesoporosity, mesopore volume and carbon yield were investigated, and further optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, mesoporosity and mesopore volume of the JAS-MAC prepared under optimum condition were identified to be 1631 m²·g^-1, 90.16% and 1.11 cm³·g^-1, respectively. Compared with commercial activated carbons, this carbon exhibited a comparable monolayer adsorption capacity of 374.5 mg·g^-1 for Methylene Blue dye. The findings suggest that RSM could be an effective approach for optimizing the pore structure of fabricated activated carbons.     

钾改性蒙脱石磁性微球对铯的吸附性能

本研究以钙基蒙脱石(Ca-MMT)为原料,通过K⁺作用制得改性蒙脱石粉(K-MMT),经海藻酸钠交联作用,将改性蒙脱石与永磁体(BaFe₁₂O₁₉)结合,制成钾改性蒙脱石磁性微球(KMBC).对比了Ca-MMT、K-MMT、KMBC对Cs+的吸附差异,并通过SEM-EDS、FTIR、XRD、XPS分析了K-MMT的微观结构及理化性质.试验结果表明,K⁺对蒙脱石的改性以离子交换为主,改性后晶体层间距变小,吸附量K-MMT>KMBC>Ca-MMT,分别为57.08、45.13、45.05 mg·g^-1;K-MMT对Cs⁺的吸附属于吸热反应,反应在2 h内可达到平衡,35℃时KMBC的最大吸附量为136.08 mg·g^-1;随着pH的增加,KMBC对Cs+的吸附量呈先增大后减小的趋势;吸附机理主要包括离子交换和内层扩散.     

Competitive adsorption and desorption of copper and lead in some soil of North China

The competitive adsorption and desorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in the soil of three sites in North China were investigated using single and binary metal solutions with 0.01 mol·L^-1 CaCl₂ as background electrolyte. The desorption isotherms of Pb(II) and Cu(II) were similar to the adsorption isotherms, which can be fitted well by Freundlich equation (R₂>0.96). The soil in the three sites had greater sorption capacities for Pb(II) than Cu(II), which was affected strongly by the soil characteristics. In the binary metal solution containing 1∶1 molar ratio of Pb(II) and Cu(II), the total amount of Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption was affected by the simultaneous presence of the two metal ions, indicating the existence of adsorption competition between the two metal ions. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the interaction between soil and metal ions, and the results revealed that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the soil were the main binding sites of metal ions.     

Effect of metal ion-doping on characteristics and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes for removal of humic acid from water

The effect of ion-doping on TiO₂ nanotubes were investigated to obtain the optimal TiO₂ nanotubes for the effective decomposition of humic acids (HA) through O₃/UV/ion-doped TiO₂ process. The experimental results show that changing the calcination temperature, which changed the weight fractions of the anatase phase, the average crystallite sizes, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, and the energy band gap of the catalyst, affected the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. The ionic radius, valence state, and configuration of the dopant also affected the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts on HA removal increased when Ag⁺, Al³⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, V⁵⁺, and Zn²⁺ were doped into the TiO₂ nanotubes, whereas such activities decreased as a result of Mn²⁺- and Ni²⁺-doping. In the presence of 1.0 at.% Fe³⁺-doped TiO₂ nanotubes calcined at 550°C, the removal efficiency of HA was 80% with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.158 min⁻¹. Fe³⁺ in TiO₂ could increase the generation of ·OH, which could remove HA. However, Fe³⁺ in water cannot function as a shallow trapping site for electrons or holes.     

Enhanced dewatering characteristics of waste activated sludge with Fenton pretreatment: effectiveness and statistical optimization

In this work, the enhanced dewaterabing characteristics of waste activated sludge using Fenton pretreatment was investigated in terms of effectiveness and statistical optimization. Response surface method （RSM） and central composite design （CCD） were applied to evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of important operational parameters, i.e., H202 concentrations, Fe2＋ concentrations and initial pH values. A significant quadratic polynomial model was obtained （R2= 0.9189） with capillary suction time （CST） reduction efficiency as the response. Numerical optimization based on desirability function was carried out. The optimum values for H202, Fe2, and initial pH were found to be 178 mg-g-1 VSS （volatile suspended solids）, 211mg.gI VSS and 3.8, respectively, at which CST reduction efficiency of 98.25% could be achieved. This complied well with those predicted by the established polynomial model. The results indicate that Fenton pretreatment is an effective technique for advanced waste activated sludge dewatering. The enhancement of sludge dewaterability by Fenton＇s reagent lies in the migration of sludge bound water due to the disintegration of sludge flocs and microbial cells lysis.     

One-pot preparation of graphene oxide magnetic nanocomposites for the removal of tetrabromobisphenol A

A simple solvothermal method was used to prepare monodisperse magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles attached onto graphene oxide (GO) sheets as adsorbents to remove tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) from an aqueous solution. These Fe₃O₄/GO (MGO) nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The adsorption capacity at different initial pH, contact duration, and temperature were evaluated. The kinetics of adsorption was found to fit the pseudo-second-order model perfectly. The adsorption isotherm well fitted the Langmuir model, and the theoretical maximum of adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model was 27.26 mg?g^-1. The adsorption thermodynamics of TBBPA on the MGO nanocomposites was determined at 303 K, 313 K, and 323 K, respectively. The results indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. The MGO nanocomposites were conveniently separated from the media by an external magnetic field within several seconds, and then regenerated in 0.2 M NaOH solution. Thus, the MGO nanocomposites are a promising candidate for TBBPA removal from wastewater.     

生物炭对土壤中阿特拉津吸附特征的影响

为探究生物炭对土壤中阿特拉津的吸附特征及影响因素,采用批处理实验研究了灭菌(T1)、5%秸秆生物炭+灭菌(T2)、未灭菌(T3)和5%秸秆生物炭+未灭菌(T4)条件下对土壤中阿特拉津吸附特征及土壤理化性质的影响.结果表明,在最初0—12 h内,不同处理下阿特拉津吸附量均随时间的延长而快速增加,而在12—96 h内增加较为缓慢并逐渐趋于平衡.在96 h时,T2和T4处理下阿特拉津最大吸附量分别达到46.22 mg·kg^-1和46.43 mg·kg^-1,而未添加生物炭的T1和T3处理则有所降低,分别为44.20 mg·kg^-1和43.09 mg·kg^-1.准二级动力学模型更好地拟合不同处理下土壤对阿特拉津吸附特征,T2和T4处理下吸附速率常数K分别为0.257 kg·mg^-1·h^-1和0.339 kg·mg^-1·h^-1,显著高于未添加生物炭处理的T1和T3处理(K分别为-0.083 kg·mg^-1·h^-1和-0.261 kg·mg^-1·h^-1).内扩散模型显示添加生物炭后,土壤对阿特拉津的吸附是一个由边界扩散、内部孔隙扩散等多因素控制的复杂化学过程.添加生物炭可显著提高土壤pH、有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,其中土壤有机碳含量与阿特拉津最大吸附量之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.05).由此可见,添加生物炭可以提高土壤对阿特拉津的固持能力,减少其淋溶迁移风险,从而达到修复阿特拉津污染土壤的目的.