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规范排污权交易促进可持续发展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
阐述了排污交易产生的背景,排污权与排污许可的概念,排污交易政策在美国的发展,并以闵行区10多年来的工业废水排污交易为例,说明了排污交易的巨大环境经济效益,提出了有关规范排污权交易,促进可持续发展的建议。 相似文献
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《环境科学文摘》2001,(3)
X一012(X) 101257从理论到实践的美国排污交易/郑元…(清华大学环境科学与工程系)//上海环境科学/上海市环保局一20(刃,19(11)一505一507环图x一l(X) 阐述了排污交易产生的背景,排污权与排放许可证的概念,TDP的理论研究和实践应用,排污交易政策在美国的发展等。美国的排污交易政策由补偿政策、气泡政策、净得政策和排污银行4项组成,并以美国酸雨计划为例说明了排污交易的巨大环境经济效益,并给出了建议。参4 本文使用有条件的洛吉模式评估1986一1993年间,国家环境管制对外国跨国公司新工厂定址决策的影响。用4种管制规定的严格措施研究了… 相似文献
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介绍了排污许可交易理论的基本内容,对美国和我国上海的排污许可交易实践进行了评述,指出在市场机制愈益完善的我国,建立污染物排放总量控制制度下的排污许可交易体系势在必行,它是我国促进经济和环境协调发展的一种可行的政策选择。 相似文献
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排污交易是一种适应市场经济的排污管理政策。本文从经济学的角度分析了排污交易的原理,提出并论述了排污交易的技术方法,为尽早在我国环境管理中实施排污交易政策提供一定的理论与方法基础。 相似文献
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排污交易是一种适应市场经济的排污管理政策。本文从经济学的角度分析了排污交易的原理,提出并论述了排污交易的技术方法,为尽早在我国环境管理中实施排污交易政策提供一定的理论与方法基础。 相似文献
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Leakage and Comparative Advantage Implications of Agricultural Participation in Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Heng-Chi Lee Bruce A. McCarl Uwe A. Schneider Chi-Chung Chen 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2007,12(4):471-494
The world is moving toward efforts to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions. Reduction efforts may involve the agricultural
sector through options such as planting of trees, altering crop and livestock management, and increasing production of biofuels.
However, such options can be competitive with domestic food production. In a free trade arena, reduced domestic food production
could stimulate increased production and exports in other countries, which are not pursuing net emission reductions. As a
consequence, emission reduction efforts in implementing countries may be offset by production increases stimulated in other
countries.
We examine the competitive effects of agriculturally related emission reduction actions on agricultural production and international
trade. In doing this, we employ the assumption that U.S. emission reduction caused cost increases will also occur in other
reducing countries. We consider emission reduction: 1) unilaterally by the U.S., 2) by all Kyoto Protocol Annex B countries,
and 3) globally. The results, which are only suggestive of the types of effects that would be observed due to the simplifying
cost assumptions, indicate compliance causes supply cutbacks in regulated countries and increases in non-regulated countries.
The study results show that producers in regulating countries are likely to benefit and consumers lose due to commodity price
increases.
Seniority of Authorship is shared among the first three authors. 相似文献
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Yun Zhu Yanwen Lao Carey Jang Chen-Jen Lin Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang Joshua S. Fu Shuang Deng Junping Xie Shicheng Long 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
This article describes the development and implementations of a novel software platform that supports real-time, science-based policy making on air quality through a user-friendly interface. The software, RSM-VAT, uses a response surface modeling (RSM) methodology and serves as a visualization and analysis tool (VAT) for three-dimensional air quality data obtained by atmospheric models. The software features a number of powerful and intuitive data visualization functions for illustrating the complex nonlinear relationship between emission reductions and air quality benefits. The case study of contiguous U.S. demonstrates that the enhanced RSM-VAT is capable of reproducing the air quality model results with Normalized Mean Bias < 2% and assisting in air quality policy making in near real time. 相似文献
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Hua Wang Yun Zhu Carey Jang Che-Jen Lin Shuxiao Wang Joshua S. Fu Jian Gao Shuang Deng Junping Xie Dian Ding Xuezhen Qiu Shicheng Long 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
Due to the increasingly stringent standards, it is important to assess whether the proposed emission reduction will result in ambient concentrations that meet the standards. The Software for Model Attainment Test—Community Edition (SMAT-CE) is developed for demonstrating attainment of air quality standards of O3 and PM2.5. SMAT-CE improves computational efficiency and provides a number of advanced visualization and analytical functionalities on an integrated GIS platform. SMAT-CE incorporates historical measurements of air quality parameters and simulated air pollutant concentrations under a number of emission inventory scenarios to project the level of compliance to air quality standards in a targeted future year. An application case study of the software based on the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) shows that SMAT-CE is capable of demonstrating the air quality attainment of annual PM2.5 and 8-hour O3 for a proposed emission control policy. 相似文献
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湖北省排污权市场的交易频率与交易规模都亟待提高。本文选择全国首家排污权交易中心一嘉兴市排污权储备交易中心作为比较对象,分别从排污权的初始分配、交易制度设计和激励机制等三个方面对两地的具体做法进行了详细的分析比较,最后得出:湖北省在实施排污交易的过程中,初始排污权的分配难以体现公平与效率;集中竞价的交易方式并非当前的最优选择;重平台、忽激励的交易制度设计埋下了市场交易冷清的隐患。最后,提出了相应的改进建议。 相似文献
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国家半导体行业VOC排放标准制订研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着近年来我国半导体产业的持续繁荣发展,中国已成为全球半导体制造增长最为迅速的市场。为有效控制监管半导体生产过程中大量使用的各种有机溶剂所产生的废气中可挥发性有机物(VOC)的排放,加强行业污染控制,规范行业环境保护管理工作,对制订半导体行业VOC排放标准进行了研究。概述了半导体行业VOC排放的特点。分析了该行业对VOC排放的治理技术。阐述了美国和中国台湾地区有关半导体行业VOC废气的排放标准。从国内半导体企业VOC治理现状、现有监测技术、VOC排放管理方式等方面探讨了我国半导体行业VOC废气排放标准的制定思路。 相似文献