目前医患关系现状及对策研究

医患关系是社会关系的组成部分，医患关系是医疗实践活动中最基本的人际关系，良好的医患沟通是实现以病人为中心，促进社会和谐的基础．医患关系作为一种最基本的社会关系，已普遍受到人们的关注，它随着医学模式的发展，不断发生新的变化．目前我国经济正沿着市场化的轨迹发展，医疗制度改革也在深入进行，这对构建和谐医患关系提出了新的挑战和考验，要想构建和谐的医患关系，必须医方、患方、社会三者共同努力，国家增加卫生投资力度，准确定位医疗机构的性质，确保广大中低档人群的基本健康等实际问题已摆在我们面前，只有从根本上解决群众“看病难、看病贵”的问题，才能实现医患关系真正意义上的融洽．同时我们还要看到，理想化的期待与非理想化的现实差距是客观存在，融洽医患关系是一个漫长的过程，需要我们在健全法制的同时提高自律的约束，只有以诚信为杠杆、人文为基石，才能真正实现理想状态下的医患关系，即充满同情心的医生和对医生充满信任的病人．参8．     

汕头市沿海滩涂综合开发研究

汕头市位于粤东沿海．有丰富的浅海滩涂资源．围海造田在一定程度上缓解了汕头市人多地少的矛盾，但也产生了一些亟待解决的问题．今后，浅海滩涂开发要因地制宜、综合利用．促进汕头市海洋经济可持续发展．     

论山区生态经济管理──以湖北省武陵山区为例

以湖北武陵山区为例，论述了山区生态经济系统的特征．存在的问题及矛盾，指出了山区生态经济管理的原则和宏观管理战略。     

高职院校职业资格证书制度的研究与探索

为深化高等教育改革，适应社会发展和市场变化对人才培养的客观要求与需要，国家有关部门率先在上海等地高校大学生中进行职业资格鉴定的首批试点，并针对2003届高职毕业生就业实际情况，着重实施毕业生职业资格培训工程，取得了部分成果与有益经验．但在实践中存在诸多问题和矛盾，需要进一步加以完善和规范．     

铝毒与有机酸和磷的关系

总结了铝对植物形态及生理方面的毒害，简要概述了铝对植物毒害的机制、植物的抗铝对策、耐铝植物与铝敏感植物对铝胁迫的不同反应，特别综述了有机酸及磷与植物抗铝毒的关系，以及受铝胁迫的各种土壤改良途径及植物抗铝措施．最后提出了铝胁迫导致植物矮化的问题，建议更多研究者来注意并进一步探索相关问题．表3参65     

物种灭绝的若干种可能的序

利用集合种群共存动力模式，研究了由于栖息地毁坏而导致物种灭绝的顺序问题．研究结果表明：在群落里各物种种群具有相等的死亡率的假设下，栖息地毁坏而导致物种的灭绝存在3种最基本可能的顺序，既最弱物种与最强物种相伴灭绝，最强物种与最弱物种是强弱交替灭绝，以及由强而弱依次灭绝．参7     

“权衡过吗？”：在市区实施环境管理系统 (EMS)

到目前为止，政府和市区主要关心公共基金的有效管理，这未必会涉及到环境问题.但随着当前更环境化的、更负责的社会趋势的到来，导致了人们对出现的ISO14001国际认证标准的深入研究.为解决城市环境管理的问题，国际合作提高了解决日益增长的共同的环境问题的能力，导致形成最佳全球性解决方案.     

“权衡过吗?”:在市区实施环境管理系统(EMS)

到目前为止，政府和市区主要关心公共基金的有效管理，这未必会涉及到环境问题.但随 着当前更环境化的、更负责的社会趋势的到来，导致了人们对出现的ISO14001国际认证标准 的深入研究.为解决城市环境管理的问题，国际合作提高了解决日益增长的共同的环境问题 的能力，导致形成最佳全球性解决方案.     

复合生态处理系统颗粒构成差异及其效应分析

研究了复合生态处理系统中不同单元颗粒物的构成差异，探讨了颗粒构成对其去除机制、粒径分布和去除规律的影响．结果表明，水环境对系统后端颗粒构成产生的影响明显高于对系统前端的影响．颗粒构的成差异决定无机颗粒沉降，有机颗粒分解、藻类被捕食、颗粒截滤依次在颗粒物的去除中占主导地位．不同水环境中，颗粒构成和去除机制的差异导致不同单元颗粒物去除规律的相应变化．     

三峡库区生态安全问题与对策

具体分析了三峡库区自然、社会和经济三方面的生态安全问题。采用相对资源承载力的研究思路与计算方法，得出该地区超载人口占该地区总人口的比例达37．4％，人地矛盾日益突出的结论。针对三峡库区的生态安全问题，提出了如下的对策：建立科学合理的生态补偿机制和库区立体管理模式；建立库区生态安全预警系统和绿色GDP核算体系；倡导各产业在生态安全下的生产经营运行模式；建立库区县市级管理责任定位体制，明确不同部门、地区所对应的库区生态流域单元的管理权限和责任：积极引导公众进行安全生产和科技减灾。     

On the behaviour of the residence time at the bottom of the mixed layer

To understand why the findings of Deleersnijder et al. [(2006), Environ Fluid Mech 6: 25–42]—the residence time in the mixed layer in not necessarily zero at the pycnocline—are consistent with those of Delhez and Deleersnijder [(2006), Ocean Dyn 56:139–150]—the residence time in a control domain vanishes at the open boundaries of this control domain—, it is necessary to consider a control domain that includes part of the pycnocline, in which the eddy diffusivity is assumed to be zero. Then, depending on the behaviour of the eddy diffusivity near the bottom of the mixed layer, the residence time may be seen to exhibit a discontinuity at the interface between the mixed layer and the pycnocline. If such a discontinuity exists, the residence time is non-zero in the former and zero in the latter. This is illustrated by analytical solutions obtained under the assumption that the eddy diffusivity is constant in the mixed layer.     

知识型员工的特点、激励及管理对策研究

知识经济时代，企业最宝贵的财富是知识型员工。知识型员工是生产力的代表。知识型员工的工作效率决定了企业的竞争能力．因此。如何激励知识型员工成为企业探讨的一个重要问题．本文从知识型员工的特点入手。按有关知识管理专家提出的激励因素，从四个方面阐述了对知识型员工的激励策略。并提出了对知识型员工的管理对策．     

豪猪消化系统的解剖研究

为了了解豪猪的消化生理,为豪猪的人工饲养技术研究提供基础依据,以达到高效饲养豪猪的目的,笔者对豪猪的消化器官进行了系统解剖研究.结果表明:豪猪的胃为单室胃.盲肠很发达,这与其能够消化植物纤维有关.豪猪肝脏很发达,其重量为402 g,是其体重的4.59%,肝脏分叶多而明显.     

Adjusting the economy to the new energy realities of the second half of the age of oil

Our research indicates that, due to the depletion of conventional, and hence cheap, crude oil supplies (i.e. peak oil), increasing the supply of oil in the future would require exploiting lower quality resources (i.e. expensive), and thus will most likely occur only at high prices. This situation creates a system of feedbacks where economic growth, which requires more oil, would require high oil prices that will undermine that economic growth. We conclude that the economic growth of the past 40 years is unlikely to continue unless there is some remarkable change in how we manage our economy.     

Splitting the tail of the displacement kernel shows the unimportance of kurtosis

Animals disperse in space through different movement behaviors, resulting in different displacement distances. This is often described with a displacement kernel where the long-distance dispersers are within the tail of the kernel. A displacement with a large proportion of long-distance dispersers may have impact on different aspects of spatial ecology such as invasion speed, population persistence, and distribution. It is, however, unclear whether the kurtosis of the kernel plays a major role since a fatter tail also influences the variance of the kernel. We modeled displacement in landscapes with different amounts and configurations of habitats and handled kurtosis and variance separately to study how these affected population distribution and transition time. We conclude that kurtosis is not important for any of these aspects of spatial ecology. The variance of the kernel, on the other hand, was of great importance to both population distribution and transition time. We argue that separating variance and kurtosis can cast new light on the way in which long-distance dispersers are important in ecological processes. Consequences for empirical studies are discussed.     

Assessing the relation between the distribution of salt-marsh communities and the sediment budget of the North Norfolk coast

Very high resolution imagery from an airborne multi-spectrål scanner has been used to estimate the distribution of different salt-marsh communities along a 30-km stretch of the North Norfolk coast. Field observations have been used to develop a mathematical relationship between the vegetation, physical environment and sediment accumulation. This relationship has been used to produce provisional sediment accretion maps for the north Norfolk coast.     

Observations on the function of the glands of the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis during settlement

The use during settlement of secretions of the 9 different types of gland in the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis L. was examined experimentally. During settlement, there is a progressive decrease in the crawling speed of the larva and a strengthening of its bond with the substratum. Both changes are related to (a) a change from ciliary to muscular pedal locomotion; (b) the increasing acidity and viscosity of the mucoid secretions used; (c) the secretion of a byssus thread by the glands of the byssus duet; (d) changes in the form and composition of this byssus. At the termination of settlement, the entire contents of 2 types of gland are discharged. Their secretions give rise to the cement which permanently fixes the larva to the substratum. The 9 types of gland are utilised sequentially in a manner closely related to the 6 phases recognised in settlement behaviour.