浅谈危险废物利用设施运行评估体系设想

当前危险废物环境管理中，缺少针对危险废物利用设施运行评估体系相关研究，导致评估工作在执行上存在差异，影响结果准确性。通过分析当前的利用设施环境管理现状，并重点结合危险废物利用相关技术规范、环境标准等要求开展评估体设施运行能力体系设计，创建危险废物利用设施评估指标、评估标准、评价方法，并选取新疆区内危险废物利用设施开展评估，验证设计体系的效果。旨在建立操作性强的危险废物利用设施评估体系，为危险废物宏观政策制定和指导专职管理人员工作提供依据，助力提升危险废物环境管理工作质量。     

攀枝花市恒德废物集中处理有限公司

<正>我们的实力攀枝花市恒德废物集中处理有限公司所属危险废物处置中心项目是国务院批准的全国31个综合危险废物处置中心建设项目之一,是涉及攀枝花市及周边地区工业发展方向、发展后劲的一个关键性项目,也是四川省最先建成投入营运的综合性危废处理项目。我们严格按照危险废物管理标准,实行危险废物全过程管理模式。我们拥有雄厚的技术实力和完善的服务网络,具备危险废物源头管理、收集、运输、贮存、处置、综合利用     

上海市危险废物智能化管理思考

近年来,为实现危险废物全过程可追溯管理,上海市危险废物管理体系正不断从信息化向智能化转型。文章介绍了上海市危险废物信息化管理的现有模式,分析了目前危险废物从产生到最终处置的全生命周期管理可采用的智能化管理技术,探讨了危险废物从信息化向智能化升级所面临的问题,并提出相关的解决建议。     

多目标规划及其在危险废物管理中的应用

多目标规划是处理多指标函数的重要方法,是目前国内外研究较多的一种规划方法。本文对国内外多目标规划的理论、求解和应用等方面进行了综述。结合多目标规划的特点和危险废物管理的特性,分析了危险废物全过程系统规划管理方法,确定了目标函数、决策变量、约束条件,建立了一个综合考虑了费用和环境影响相关目标的复合效用函数的危险废物全过程多目标系统规划模型,并分析了模型参数的选择。最后,将多目标规划模型应用于重庆市危险废物系统管理中。该模型的合理应用对我国区域性危险废物科学的管理具有参考价值。     

天津市危险废物的现状及管理研究

本文介绍了天津市危险废物的种类、数量等现状,分析了管理过程中存在的问题。通过对天津市危险废物处理处置状况的研究,希望能为今后的研究者和相关管理者提供有益的参考。     

论对危险废物及副产品的界定和管理

通过厘清固体废物、危险废物、副产物等的概念,分析上述物质及副产品的特性,阐述危险废物和副产品间的转换关系,从适用标准、企业实例两方面入手分析危险废物和副产品该如何界定,着重分析副产品在生产管理过程中的关注点,以期为生产企业及行政管理部门的固废管理工作提供参考。     

医疗废物、危险废物集中焚烧处置工程建设技术要求发布

国家环保总局于2004年1月19日发布了《医疗废物集中焚烧处置工程建设技术要求》(试行)和《危险废物集中焚烧处置工程建设技术要求》(试行)。“要求”对医疗废物、危险废物集中焚烧处置工程建设技术术语做出了界定。“要求”对医疗废物产生量、特性分析及焚烧处理适用范围;医疗、危险废物焚烧厂总体设计;医疗、危险废物接收、分析鉴别、贮存、输送;医疗、危险废物焚烧处置系统;配套(公用)工程;环境保护与安全;工程施工及验收;运营管理等方面都做出了明确的规定。其中明确了医疗废物产生量的计算方法,规定了危险废物特性分析鉴别的内容。在医…     

危险废物焚烧处置技术

焚烧具有减容、减量、可回收能量等特点,是危险废物处置最有效的手段之一。国内大多危险废物处置项目均为区域性危险废物处置场,处理的废物种类很多,入窑焚烧的成分波动大,造成焚烧工况不稳定、烟气排放不达标等问题,形成治污企业不自洁的现象。针对这些问题,提出将焚烧控制过程前移,通过智能仓储和预配伍系统的控制管理,根据物料特性进行分类预处理,将焚烧控制过程前移,保证入窑焚烧的危险废物热值、元素含量等稳定在一定范围内,有效提高窑炉焚烧工况的稳定性。     

武汉市工业危险废物现状调查及污染防治对策研究

为了解武汉市工业危险废物现状,根据工业企业行业情况和分布,选择449家工业企业进行工业危险废物管理状况现场调查。对调查结果进行统计,分析了武汉市主要工业危险废物类别、产生行业、分布特点,介绍武汉市工业危险废物产生和利用处置现状,分析当前危险废物污染防治存在的问题,借鉴国内先进管理理论和实例,从提升处置设施规模和管理水平等方面提出合理性的建议,为政府部门危险废物管理提供决策参考,以消除环境风险隐患,促进经济与环境可持续发展。     

油气田含油污泥污染防治管理探索

含油污泥是油气田勘探开发过程中产生的主要危险废物之一,具有点多、分散、总量大等特点,又因其产生环节和地域不同其成分有所不同,造成处理效果有较大差异。如何做好含油污泥从产生、贮存、转移、处置及利用全过程管理一直是油气田企业危险废物管理的重点和难点,文章从技术和管理两个层面总结了含油污泥处理实践效果与难点和侧重点,旨在为陆上油气田企业含油污泥处置与管理提供参考。     

当前危险废物治理工作存在的问题及建议

分析了国内当前危险废物治理工作中普遍存在的问题及原因,对解决这些问题的方法进行了探讨,并对危险废物的管理工作提出了建议,同时结合国内外的成功经验,提出了一些新的思路。     

Liquid household hazardous wastes in the United States: Identification,disposal, and management plan

Present methods of disposal of today's hazardous household chemicals in the United States are frequently not acceptable because of pathways to groundwater, surface water, and the atmosphere. This report identifies potentially hazardous liquid waste in the household, notes current disposal practices, and recommends an improved management plan that utilizes consumer education, manufacturer cooperation, and governmental intervention. Laws requiring uniform disposal labeling on packaging are critical. Local, county, and state governments must be encouraged to coordinate the necessary infrastructure. Managing hazardous household wastes now will mitigate potential disposal problems.     

Critical review of industrial and medical waste practices in Dar es Salaam City

Industrial and medical wastes constitute a larger part on what is known as ‘hazardous wastes’. The production of these wastes is and will continue to be an on going phenomenon as long as human civilization persists. The health impacts of direct and indirect exposure to hazardous wastes include carcinogenic effects, reproductive system damage, respiratory effects, central nervous system effects, and many others. Today, many developed countries have legal provisions with regard to proper management of hazardous wastes. Tanzania, like many developing countries, has little emphasis on the proper handling and disposal of hazardous wastes. There is a serious inadequacy in handling industrial and medical solid wastes in the Dar es Salaam City. Improper waste deposition is increasingly becoming a potential public health risk and an environmental burden. Due to poor control of waste, industrialists and hospital owners are not well checked on how they handle and dispose of the wastes they produce with the result that many hazardous wastes reach the Vingunguti dumpsite without notice. Data on waste generation in Dar es Salaam is also inadequate, making it difficult to plan an efficient solid waste system. Promotion of public awareness, legislation and regulations enforcement and establishment of a proper sanitary landfill are considered to be principal remedial measures to ensure sound environmental maintenance. This paper summarizes the findings of the study on the practices of industrial and medical waste management in Dar es Salaam. The author aims to express the inadequacy in hazardous waste management and suggests possible measures to be applied in order to rectify the situation.     

中国危险废物污染防治技术发展趋势与政策分析

本文对我国危险废物产生及废物流进行了分析,对我国危险废物污染控制原则、目标和处理处置技术现状及发展趋势进行了评价。以此为基础,提出了我国危险废物管理全过程污染防治的技术路线和技术政策。     

衡水市医疗废物处理现状调查及对策

医疗废物是一类成分复杂并有特殊危害的危险废弃物。通过分析衡水市医疗废物处理过程中存在的分散处置、处理率低等问题,提出了加强管理监督机制、提高医疗废物收集处理率的应对策略。通过综合比较分析几种医疗废物处理方法的优缺点,指出高温焚烧法集中处置是衡水市医疗废物的最佳处理方法。     

Failing to Site Hazardous Waste Facilities Voluntarily: Implications for the Production of Sustainable Goods

A current approach to the process of siting hazardous waste facilities is to seek 'willing host' communities that will not oppose but rather voluntarily accept risky facilities. Voluntary siting strategies have been put forward as the solution to hazardous waste location problems, and there have indeed been a small number of siting successes achieved voluntarily. This paper argues that, despite claims about voluntary processes, there are indications that few 'willing host' sites will be found in response to the many that are proposed. Instead, it suggests that the limited success of siting attempts, voluntary or otherwise, signals a new phase in hazardous waste management, a shift in focus from where to site a facility to whether a good is worth producing at all if its wastes are not siteable. A characteristic of this phase is the growing influence that the disposal potential of the generated waste can have on future management decisions to produce a good. In practice, siting failure may be one of the critical turning points on the road to sustainable production. It can accomplish what technology and environmental assessments have generally been unable to do: foresee the sustainability of a good. In this way, siteability can be seen as one indicator of sustainable production. A good can be considered sustainable if the wastes associated with its production are siteable.     

对新疆边境地区跨境环境问题的思考

新疆边境贸易的发展促进了新疆经济的发展,但是在发展的过程中也存在跨境水体污染、固体废物危险废物跨境转移、消耗臭氧层物质非法贸易、外来物种入侵、跨境保护区与野生动物跨境迁徙和沙尘等跨境环境问题,并针对性提出了相应的科技需求,旨在为新疆边境地区跨境环境问题的研究提供一些思考。     

中国控制危险废物越境转移管理现状与展望

按照环境无害化管理原则,严格限制危险废物越境转移活动是中国履行《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置巴塞尔公约》的重要内容。本研究通过梳理《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置巴塞尔公约》关于控制危险废物越境转移的主要规定和中国立法管理实践,全面分析了中国控制危险废物越境转移管理进展。从打击非法转移、完善法律基础、建立预警机制等方面,深入剖析了中国控制危险废物越境转移面临的形势,并从强化危险废物越境转移管控、严厉打击非法出口行为、联合海关部门加强日常监管三方面提出对策建议,以期为中国全面履行《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置巴塞尔公约》要求、控制和防范危险废物越境转移环境风险提供支撑。     

Chemical Warfare Materiel: Unique Regulatory Issues

In those states that have not included CWM as hazardous materials in their RCRA programs, the RCRA requirements for management of hazardous waste would not strictly apply to any of the CWM. The Army has historically implemented procedures requiring that chemical warfare agents be managed as RCRA hazardous waste regardless of the concentration, physical form, or configuration of the agent. Such application of strict hazardous waste requirements to management of potentially nonhazardous CWM can result in remedial costs well out of proportion to potential human health and environmental benefits. Recent development of chronic toxicity values for the CWM has opened the door for development of cleanup and waste management standards for waste streams or media containing small residual amounts of CWM. Implementation of this health-based approach to management of CWM remediation wastes may, in part, help to reduce potentially unnecessary hazardous waste management costs for the nonhazardous CWM.     

A Paradigm of International Environmental Law: The Case for Controlling the Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes

The production of large quantities of wastes globally has created a commercial activity involving the transfrontier shipments of hazardous wastes, intended to be managed at economically attractive waste-handling facilities located elsewhere. In fact, huge quantities of hazardous wastes apparently travel the world in search of “acceptable” waste management facilities. For instance, within the industrialized countries alone, millions of tonnes of potentially hazardous waste cross national frontiers each year on their way for recycling or to treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) because there is no local disposal capacity for these wastes, or because legal disposal or reuse in a foreign country may be more environmentally sound, or managing the wastes in the foreign country may be less expensive than at home. The cross-boundary traffic in hazardous wastes has lately been under close public scrutiny, however, resulting in the accession of several international agreements and laws to regulate such activities. This paper discusses and analyzes the most significant control measures and major agreements in this new commercial activity involving hazardous wastes. In particular, the discussion recognizes the difficulties with trying to implement the relevant international agreements among countries of vastly different socioeconomic backgrounds. Nonetheless, it is also noted that global environmental agreements will generally be a necessary component of ensuring adequate environmental protection for the world community—and thus a need for the careful implementation of such agreements and regulations.