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道路交通噪声相关因素的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
道路交通噪声相关因素的研究王振中(云南个旧市环境监测站,个旧)在噪声环境评价、预测以及噪声污染防治工作中,首先必须对影响道路交通噪声的主要因素,如机动车类型、车流量、行车速度、鸣喇叭频率、道路状况、声学环境等诸多相关因素进行深入的分析研究后,才能够较... 相似文献
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道路交通噪声自动监测应用探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合城市道路路网状况及实际噪声监测数据和历史实验数据,对道路交通噪声自动监测数据的有效性、监测点位布设进行了研究,对道路交通噪声监测点位优化提出建议。 相似文献
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公交车已成为当前北京市道路交通噪声的主要束源之一,针对公交车声源模型缺乏而沿用大型车声源模型所致的噪声预测误差问题,在北京市选取了两类常见公交车进行了537辆车的单车通过噪声测试,在无效数据剔除和背景噪声修正后,利用回归分析法获得了北京市公交车声源模型,通过与现有《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中大型车声源模型的比较,显示出建立北京市公交车噪声声源模型的必要性。基于《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中的道路交通噪声预测方法,提出了符合北京市实际情况的道路交通噪声预测模型。 相似文献
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高架复合道路交通噪声时空分布规律研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对杭州市典型高架复合道路交通噪声监测,研究高架复合道路交通噪声的时空分布规律。结果表明,噪声与车流量、车辆类型及车速密切相关;噪声随着与高架路距离的增大,地面各测点的噪声值呈递减趋势;高架复合道路平直段与下坡路段的噪声在临街建筑竖直立面的分布规律基本一致,但在不同高度的影响程度上存在一定差异。 相似文献
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评价监测采样过程QC/QA的优劣的方法并不多见,本文试图通过逐步回归的方法来探讨特定水质监测对象监测采样过程QC/QA的评价问题。 相似文献
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在线生物毒性监测系统在饮用水源地水质监测中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对汞、镉、铬、铅和砷的生物毒性剂量效应分析,评估生物毒性监测方法在饮用水源地水质监测中的预警作用,结果显示,几种元素的生物毒性大小依次为:汞〉砷〉铅〉镉〉铬。结合南京上坝饮用水源地的生物毒性监测数据,建立动态报警限,用于评价水质安全。 相似文献
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Jennifer Lento Peter J. Dillon Keith M. Somers 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(12):7175-7187
The Mann–Kendall test has been proposed as a nonparametric method to evaluate trends in long-term water quality datasets with missing values, serial correlation, and non-normality. However, this test has rarely been used to evaluate long-term trends in biological data. In this study, we used the Mann–Kendall test to evaluate trends in 15?years of data on benthic macroinvertebrate communities from 17 Precambrian Shield lakes. We also used the van Belle and Hughes test of trend homogeneity to assess whether common among-lake temporal trends existed. We assumed that evidence of a common regional trend among lakes would support the hypothesis of long-term biological recovery from past acidification. We found decreasing proportions of Chironomidae and increasing proportions of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) in both single-lake and multi-lake trend analysis. Moreover, six of the nine lakes with significant trends in more than one benthos metric displayed a significant decrease in Chironomidae and increase in EPT concurrently, indicating a shift towards more acid-sensitive taxa. Weak trends in several of the biological metrics indicated that recovery in these lakes has been impeded. Results of this study indicate that the Mann–Kendall and van Belle and Hughes trend tests are useful statistical tools to evaluate long-term patterns in biological data. 相似文献
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van den Brink PJ den Besten PJ bij de Vaate A ter Braak CJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2009,152(1-4):271-281
Although chemical and biological monitoring is often used to evaluate the quality of surface waters for regulatory purposes and/or to evaluate environmental status and trends, the resulting biological and chemical data sets are large and difficult to evaluate. Multivariate techniques have long been used to analyse complex data sets. This paper discusses the methods currently in use and introduces the principal response curves method, which overcomes the problem of cluttered graphical results representation that is a great drawback of most conventional methods. To illustrate this, two example data sets are analysed using two ordination techniques, principal component analysis and principal response curves. Whereas PCA results in a difficult-to-interpret diagram, principal response curves related methods are able to show changes in community composition in a diagram that is easy to read. The principal response curves method is used to show trends over time with an internal reference (overall mean or reference year) or external reference (e.g. preferred water quality or reference site). Advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed and illustrated. 相似文献
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Ming-Lang Tseng 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,172(1-4):171-187
The aim of this study was to evaluate and position the perceptions of importance and performance of municipal solid waste management aspects and criteria. The study results propose dependence relations among four aspects and 33 criteria pertaining to metropolitan Taipei. Evaluation was based on linguistically described preferences and multiple aspects and criteria analysis; in particular, applied fuzzy set theory was used to evaluate linguistic vagueness, and the analytic network process was applied for dependence relations among the aspects and criteria. In order to compile managerial implications and concluding remarks, importance?Cperformance analysis was conducted, using several mathematical techniques applied to the objectives as well as the participation and input of professionals and academicians. Overall results and concluding remarks are discussed. 相似文献
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Ramos Marcio Antonio Gomes Bueno de Oliveira Eduardo Schneider Pião Antonio Carlos Simões Nalin de Oliveira Leite Dilza Aparecida de Franceschi de Angelis Dejanira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2016,188(5):1-14
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment - Due to the concern with the quality of hydric resources, the monitoring is essential to evaluate and identify the anthropogenic and environmental... 相似文献
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排污许可证执行报告是评价排污单位排污许可证实施情况的重要依据。执行报告以自行监测与台账记录信息为核心,涵盖排污单位污染治理与排放全过程的众多信息,但是目前尚缺少据此对排污许可执行情况进行综合评价的方法体系。采取常见的指数化方法,基于执行报告中的自行监测和台账记录等信息,构建排污许可证执行报告报送指数(A)、合规指数(R),结合监督检查校正系数(B),最终建立依证指数(I),依此对排污单位排污许可执行情况进行综合评价。对案例甲和案例乙两家火电企业2018年、2019年依证指数进行试算,所得结果可以较为全面地反映排污单位的执行情况,证明了该方法的可行性。建议以此方法为基础,对排污单位排污许可执行情况进行综合评价,以推动排污许可制的有效执行。 相似文献