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盐城市海岸带环境预警体系研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
简述了海岸带环境预警系统的组成,将海岸带环境预警的指标体系分为警情指标和警兆指标两大类,建立了海岸带环境预警指标体系。以盐城市为例,应用时间序列曲线模型对盐城市1995年-2010年的各项预警指标进行了拟合、预测。在此基础上,采用综合指数法,对到2010年的环境发展警情和警度进行了预报。研究结果表明,盐城市海岸带环境多数年份处于中警状态,系统指数处于比较严重的状态。 相似文献
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浅谈环境预警应急指挥中心的构建与运作 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从污染事故环境预警应急工作出发,结合当前环境监测和环境监察的职能,提出了环境预警应急指挥中心的构建要素、主要职能和核心任务,建议形成协调统一的组织管理模式、各有侧重的发展建设模式、平战结合的集约运作模式、优势互补的技术支撑模式,以及说清环境的解析问题模式. 相似文献
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集中式饮用水水源地环境监控预警体系构建 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
系统阐述了集中式饮用水水源地环境监控预警体系构建的内容和要素,并介绍了如何建立由风险监控系统、信息发布系统和预警响应系统等组成的水源地监控预警平台,以实现水源地环境监控预警信息和技术的统一管理和资源共享,为饮用水安全保障提供决策支持。 相似文献
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简述了江苏沿江化工园区存在的环境风险,分析了园区区位特征和产业结构矛盾、监控预警体系及应急保障体系等方面存在的问题。提出应加强环境应急队伍建设,完善监控预警体系,强化应急预案管理,提升应急处置能力,以降低环境风险,维护区域环境安全。 相似文献
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环境监测实验室的环境污染与防治 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
主要分析了环境监测实验室产生的污染特点 ,指出环境监测实验室是一类典型的小型污染源。同时详细阐述了环境监测实验室防治污染、加强实验室环境管理的几种途径 相似文献
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环评报告是建设项目开展环保验收工作的重要依据。环保验收工作中必须对照环评报告的内容及要求进行调查和监测。由于环评报告中工程内容、环保措施、评价因子等内容不够完善,使得工程建设中措施无法完全落实,造成环保验收工作不能顺利进行。本文通过对环保验收监测中遇到的实例进行分析,为更好的开展环评及验收监测工作提供建议。 相似文献
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Recent theoretical studies have shown that a relaxation algorithm can be used to find noncooperative equilibria of synchronous
infinite games with nonlinear payoff functions and coupled constraints. In this study, we introduce an improvement to the
algorithm, such as the steepest-descent step-size control, for which the convergence of the algorithm is proved. The algorithm
is then tested on several economic applications. In particular, a River Basin Pollution problem is considered where coupled
environmental constraints are crucial for the relevant model definition. Numerical runs demonstrate fast convergence of the
algorithm for a wide range of parameters.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Environmental Sensitivity Indices (ESI) composed of many field-data are essential for monitoring and control systems. At the
beginning of the last decade an ESI of the German Wadden Sea was developed for use by the relevant authorities. This ESI was
derived by experts semi-manually analysing the extensive field data-set.
An algorithm is presented here which emulates human expert-decisions on the classification of sensitivity classes. This will
permit the necessary regular updates of ESI-determination when new field data become available using automated classifications
procedures. After tuning the algorithm parameters it generates decisions identical to those of human experts in about 97%
of all locations tested. In addition, the algorithm presented also enables erroneous or extremely seldom field data to be
identified. 相似文献
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遗传神经网络在累积性环境风险评价中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以太湖流域常州段为研究对象,构建了累积性水环境风险评价指标体系,利用主成分分析法选取输入变量,并应用MATLAB建立遗传神经网络综合评价模型。运用遗传算法对BP神经网络的权值和阈值进行优化,将遗传算法全局搜索能力和BP算法局部搜索能力相结合,提高了收敛速度和精度。应用模型对2004—2009年常州市累积性水环境风险进行了综合评价,结果表明:2004—2009年风险综合指数总体上处在中级与高级之间,累积性水环境风险较大;2008—2009年风险综合指数不断增大,趋于低级;农业和畜禽养殖业等面源风险源、污水处理和风险管理投资等控制机制以及人口和环境敏感目标等风险受体是造成太湖流域常州段累积性水环境风险较大的主要原因。 相似文献
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Environmental Monitoring in The Netherlands: Past Developments and Future Challenges 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
During the past three decades environmental monitoringsystems covering an immense variety of environmentalproblems emerged rapidly throughout the world. In The Netherlands the entire spectrum of monitoring systemsis present. Their development is especially interesting because of the Dutch complex environmental landscape: a result of the combination of a natural setting with a high small-scale variation and an intense use of the available space by both industry and agriculture. This necessitates a well balanced environmental policy wherein monitoring ofboth environmental compartments and environmental policy itself plays an important role. In this article we focus on abiotic systems, whereby the development of monitoring will be related to that of environmental policy in general. Some general lines emerge: from quantity towards quality, from single pollutants towards environmentally harmful processes as a whole, and from a focus on human health and safety towards integrated environmental management. Because The Netherlands is a highly organized and highly educatedsociety, reacting fast and flexible to new problems, this progression has happened quickly. However, still much remains to be desired and flexibility not necessarily guarantees optimal routes of development. Paramount is the development of sophisticated and robust monitoring systems that truly support integrated environmental management. This asks forclear objectives based on solid scientific insights. 相似文献
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在中国,快速有效的环境监测执法需求越来越急迫,特别是在出现疫情与地质灾害等特殊时期,便携式快速监测仪器能更好地保证执法的时效性,但应用上却在执法环节一直受到监测数据合法性及标准方法等问题的困扰。笔者首先采用关键词频统计法研究了便携式环境监测设备相关领域的研究热点,在此基础上基于执法机构实践,调研了解了中国现行常规环境监测仪器设备质控和认证流程,指出便携监测与常规流程不匹配之处,以空气和废气中颗粒物和SO_2监测为例系统梳理了方法标准、质控、论证等内容,分析论证便携式设备在环境执法中数据有效性的问题,并针对便携监测设备的型式批准、强检、监测方法和数据合法性认定等问题提出具体建议。 相似文献
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Benchmarking of environmental performance to demonstrate theachievement of best practice environmental management is acomponent of a new form of licensing of industrialdischarges in Western Australia. The paper describes theapproaches to benchmarking for the critical environmentalissues for an alumina refinery and wastewater treatmentplant. It also describes the lessons learnt from thebenchmarking process on appropriate methods, the benefitsand difficulties in the benchmarking process, and changesthat would assist benchmarking for best practiceenvironmental management. 相似文献
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