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中央空调系统噪声测评与控制对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
张弛 《环境污染治理技术与设备》2005,6(7):77-79
由于中央空调设计缺陷,安装时没有采取有效的减振措施引起机壳振动或管道风量调节不当,导致噪声超标,引发了许多经济纠纷。只有通过对空调系统噪声进行正确测试与合理评价,找出噪声超标的原因,才能化解这方面的矛盾。 相似文献
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在城市化进程加快的过程中,建筑施工产生的噪声如果不加以监管和防治,势必污染环境,影响居民的正常生活、工作与学习。建筑施工单位自身应使用低噪声的设备,改进施工方法,采取隔声、减噪等行之有效的措施,防治噪声污染,环保部门也要对其加强监管与指导,对违法施工、噪声超标排放的行为进行查处,以维护居民的合法权益不受侵害。 相似文献
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防治噪声污染是为了创造一个安宁、适宜的生活和劳动环境。噪声污染涉及的领域很广,应从各个方面加以控制。然而,由于噪声污染不同于水、气、渣污染,除特强噪声外,一般不会造成致命性危害。就现阶段而言,噪声管理的重点是保护居民的睡眠环境,环保部门按国家标准和地方法规,对污染者征收超标排污费,并限期治理。这方面已经收到明显的环境效益,得到了居民的赞赏。但是,城市中有一类极为重要的睡眠休息环境被遗忘了,这就是医院(包括疗养院)病房和旅馆(包括招待所、饭店、宾馆)客房。 相似文献
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基于GIS城市道路交通噪声环境管理系统的构架与实现 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
详细介绍了基于GIS技术开发城市道路交通噪声环境管理系统的构架与实现.该系统的开发工作主要包括:噪声数据库设计、噪声数据管理、交通噪声的模拟和交通噪声影响统计.系统采用了数据库技术、GIS技术和交通噪声预测模型,综合考虑实际情况,对城市噪声环境进行管理和模拟.从实例结果分析可见,模拟结果能达到实际使用的要求.该系统能为城市规划、城市环境评价提供信息和技术支持. 相似文献
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描述了如何利用计算机进行简单实用的噪声半定量频谱分析,并应用在噪声治理实践中,取得了实效。 相似文献
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通过一起噪声扰民监测案例,叙述了《工业企业厂界噪声》和《建筑施工场界噪声》的内涵与特征,针对特定的噪声污染现状,提出更加合理的监测方案,有助于解决噪声扰民的信访案件。 相似文献
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本文包括两个主要部分。第一部分介绍了内燃机发电机组噪声控制基本原理。提出降低内燃机进排气噪声雷诺数原则。第二部分介绍固定式大马力柴油机发电机组及移动式小马力汽油机发电机级的噪声控制工程实例。应用本文介绍的方法,控制内燃机发电机组的噪声,在通常节约开支的条件下,机房外墙一米的测量点,噪声可控制在60±5dB(A)的范围内。 相似文献
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高架道路声屏障的降噪效果 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
详细介绍了德国RLS 90道路交通噪声预测模型,运用RLS 90模型对具有典型道路参数的高架道路试验段在不同距离、不同高度下进行了辐射噪声和声屏障降噪效果特性的预测计算,并进行了实际测量.结果表明,高架道路对低于其路面高度的近距离区域有显著的噪声遮蔽作用,对于高架道路,声屏障对路面高度附近的区域降噪效果最佳,4 m高声屏障的最大降噪效果达10 dB.结果还表明,采用RLS 90模型得到的高架道路噪声级和声屏障降噪效果计算值和实测数据吻合良好. 相似文献
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通过两例噪声和振动污染相互转换的事例分析,阐述了同一种介质中振动和噪声是一对扯不开的连体孪生兄弟。在不同介质之间,振动和噪声可能发生相互转换,在一定的条件下,固体的振动会激发产生空气中的噪声,空气中的噪声也会导致固体产生振动。 相似文献
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从一起邻里间空调噪声扰民的民事案件,阐述了居民邻里间空调扰民噪声监测方法及执行标准,从实践体会到,国家应制定更合适的噪声标准和测量方法,以利于处理这类问题。 相似文献
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John T. Talty 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):633-637
The energy crisis is providing an incentive for industry in the U. S. to conserve fuel. A major consideration is the recirculation of Industrial exhaust air to reduce energy consumption in heating or cooling work place air. Although there is a history of literature on the subject, design criteria for recirculation systems are very limited. Primary system components are air cleaning equipment and monitoring/alarm equipment. If feasibility of recirculation is established, air cleaning equipment must be selected to remove specific contaminants properly. Types of air cleaning equipment are reviewed from the standpoint of collection mechanism, equipment configuration, performance capability, and applicability to recirculation. Monitoring equipment requires significant development work to assist in safeguarding re-circulation systems and to provide worker protection. 相似文献
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通过对置于住宅楼底层室内箱式变压器引起的结构声污染进行调查实测,在对箱式变压器结构声传播进行声学分析基础上,提出了切实可行的防治对策,经实际工程应用验证,效果较好。对机房正上方住房主卧内降噪量为5.0dB,室内夜间噪声降为30.2dB,各层住户夜间烦恼度普遍从非常烦恼或烦恼降为有点烦恼和不大烦恼。这从噪声污染控制的角度证明了变配电房置于住宅楼等噪声敏感建筑物室内底层甚至更高楼层在技术上是可行性的。同时也为杭州市正在试点推广的箱式变压器置于噪声敏感建筑物底层提供了实践依据。 相似文献
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Measurements of carbonyls in a 13-story building 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Báez AP Padilla HG García RM Belmont RD Torres Mdel C 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2004,11(6):400-404
BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are emitted by many mobile and stationary sources and secondary aldehydes are intermediates in the photo-oxidation of organic compounds in the atmosphere. These aldehydes are emitted indoors by many materials such as furniture, carpets, heating and cooling systems, an by smoking. Carbonyls, mainly formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, have been studied because of their adverse health effects. In addition, formaldehyde is a suspected carcinogen. Therefore, the concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were determined to assess the inhalation exposure doses to carbonyls for people who work in a 13-story building and in order to evaluate the cancer hazard. METHODS: Carbonyl compounds in indoor and outdoor air were measured at a 13-story building located in Mexico City. The mezzanine, fifth and tenth floors, and the third level-parking garage were selected for sampling. Samples were collected in two sampling periods, the first from April 20 to 29, 1998 and the second from December 1 to 20, 1998. Carbonyls were sampled by means of DNHP-coated cartridges at a flow rate of 1 l min(-1) from 9:00 to 19:00 hours, during 2-hour time intervals and analyzed by HPLC with hours, during 2-hour time intervals and analyzed by HPLC with UV/VIS detection. RESULTS: Mean carbonyl concentrations were highest in the 3rd level-parking garage, with the formaldehyde concentration being the highest ranging from 108 to 418 microg m(-3). In working areas, the highest carbonyl arithmetic mean concentrations (AM) were observed on the 5th floor. Acetone and formaldehyde concentrations were highest in April ranging from 161 to 348 microg m(-3) (AM = 226) and from 157 to 270 microg m(-3) (AM = 221), respectively. Propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde were present in smaller concentrations ranging from 2 to 25 and 1 to 28 microg m(-3), respectively, considering all the samples. Mean indoor/outdoor ratios of carbonyls ranged from 1.8 to 9.6. A reduction of inhalation exposure doses of 41% and 45% was observed in the fifth floor air after the air conditioning systems had been repaired. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations were higher in smoking environments. CONCLUSION: Indoor carbonyl concentrations were significantly greater than outdoor concentrations. Tobacco smoke seems to be the main indoor source of formaldehyde. After the air conditioning system was maintained and repaired (as was recommended), an important reduction in the emission of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was achieved on all floors, except for the 3rd level parking garage, thereby reducing the inhalation exposure doses. RECOMMENDATION: The results obtained in this research demonstrated that maintenance of air conditioning systems must be carried out regularly in order to avoid possible adverse effects on health. Additionally, it is mandatory that isolated smoking areas, with air extraction systems, be installed in every public building. 相似文献