迁就港商带来的火灾留下的思索

迁就港商带来的火灾留下的思索段克仁（山西省运城地区新绛纺织厂）大家或许还记得，１９９３年１１月１９日深圳致丽工艺玩具厂发生的那次特大火灾事故。在这场大火中，８４人的生命被火魔吞噬，１６００ｍ２的厂房及价值２６０万元的一批原材料、设备等财产化为乌有。火...     

一起罕见的中性线带电事故

事故经过某区９号楼住户因家中日光灯断电后灯管仍闪烁,怀疑开关仅控制中性线,但经改接后故障依旧。当用测电笔测量相线和中性线时,氖泡均亮;用万用表检查相线对地压高达３７０Ｖ,中性线对地电压为２１５Ｖ,但相线与中性线间电压为２１２Ｖ,感到莫名其妙。遂去８号...     

建筑施工临时用电事故的起因及预防

任何一个建筑工程的施工现场都有大量的用电设备,然而,在这种特殊的场所内的某些电气安全措施往往没有引起有关人员的足够重视,从而导致事故的发生。本文就建筑施工工地的电气危险隐患、用电安全措施作如下浅析。     

家庭火灾的事故树分析

家庭火灾的事故树分析王海宁（江西省赣州南方冶金学院）自从人类出现在地球上以来，很早就同火结下了不解之缘。人类的生产、生活活动几乎没有一样离得开火，但是无数事实告诉人们，火可以被人们利用，给人类创造财富，推动人类社会的进步；火同样也会给人们带来灾难，失...     

作业不确认引发的事故

1994年11月7日22:40分左右,某炼钢厂铁水工,在指挥向混铁炉兑铁水过程中,因未确认行车龙门钩两侧是否挂进铁水罐的耳轴内,就指挥行车起吊。在铁水工吹口哨指挥行车副钩上升,兑铁水约2分钟后,再次     

电机车运输事故的事故树分析

以平一矿为例,应用事故树分析法,对电机车运输事故进行分析,打出了影响事故发生的主要因素,并提出了相应的安全防范措施。     

由一起电力爆炸事故谈电缆安全敷设

将电缆直接埋设在地下,不需要复杂的结构设施,由于施工较简单、经济,而泥土散热性也较好,对城市美化也有利,因而被广泛应用.但是我们也时常发现一些单位电缆沟缺盖板,电缆排列不规范,电缆长期浸泡在水里等现象.由于电缆在敷设时没有按规定进行设计、施工和验收,因而同时埋下的不安全隐患在生活中时有发生.下面就我所一起电力爆炸事故进行分析.     

对某建筑工地一起漏电事故的分析

分析了某建筑工地一起漏电事故漏电的原因 ,提出了整改措施并总结了教训。     

一起起重机电气故障引发的钩头坠落事故剖析

某厂电炉分厂发生一起起重机钩头坠落事故。经分析 ,该事故是由电气故障引起的。提出了防范措施     

典型用电案例敲警钟

近年来,农村在生活、生产、防盗等用电中,由于少数农民缺乏电力法制观念、安全用电知识、思想麻痹大意,用电疏忽随意,导致触电伤亡事故屡有发生。不仅给生命财产带来重大损失,还严重影响电网安全运行。     

Investigation of key factors for accident severity at railroad grade crossings by using a logit model

Although several studies have used logit or probit models and their variants to fit data of accident severity on roadway segments, few have investigated accident severity at a railroad grade crossing (RGC). Compared to accident risk analysis in terms of accident frequency and severity of a highway system, investigation of the factors contributing to traffic accidents at an RGC may be more complicated because of additional highway–railway interactions. Because the proportional odds assumption was violated while fitting cumulative logit modeled by the proportional odds models with stepwise variable selection to ordinal accident severity data collected at 592 RGCs in Taiwan as suggested by Strokes et al. [Strokes, M.E., Davis, C.S., Koch, G.G., 2000. Categorical Data Analysis Using the SAS System, second ed. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, p. 249], a generalized logit model with stepwise variable selection was used instead to identify explanatory variables (factors or covariates) that were significantly associated with the severity of collisions. Hence, the fitted model was used to predict the level of accident severity, given a set of values in the explanatory variables. Number of daily trains, highway separation, number of daily trucks, obstacle detection device, and approaching crossing markings significantly affected levels of accident severity at an RGC (p-value = 0.0009, 0.0008, 0.0112, 0.0017, and 0.0003, respectively). Finally, marginal effect analysis on the number of daily trains and law enforcement camera was conducted to evaluate the effect of the number of daily trains and presence of a law enforcement camera on the potential accident severity.     

山区高速公路局地团雾灾害的交通安全保障

为保障德上山区高速公路交通安全,介绍了团雾的形成机理和危害,依据团雾形成条件,识别了德上高速公路易发团雾路段,建议了雾区交通安全监控系统;在交通安全保障设施建设上,建议建设道路雾天引导系统、长大下坡和小半径路段安全工程设施和交通安全服务设施,实施雾区四级交通管制。     

Modelling of BP Texas City refinery accident using dynamic risk assessment approach

Process industries involve handling of hazardous substances which on release may potentially cause catastrophic consequences in terms of assets lost, human fatalities or injuries and loss of public confidence of the company. In spite of using endless end-of-the-pipe safety systems, tragic accidents such as BP Texas City refinery still occur. One of the main reasons of such rare but catastrophic events is lack of effective monitoring and modelling approaches that provide early warnings and help to prevent such event. To develop a predictive model one has to rely on past occurrence data, as such events are rare, enough data are usually not available to better understand and model such behavior. In such situations, it is advisable to use near misses and incident data to predict system performance and estimate accident likelihood. This paper is an attempt to demonstrate testing and validation of one such approach, dynamic risk assessment, using data from the BP Texas City refinery incident.Dynamic risk assessment is a novel approach which integrates Bayesian failure updating mechanism with the consequence assessment. The implementation of this methodology to the BP Texas City incident proves that the approach has the ability to learn from near misses, incident, past accidents and predict event occurrence likelihood in the next time interval.