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超临界水氧化技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
超临界水氧化是利用有机物与超临界反应来破坏有机物结构的一种新型氧化技术。介绍了超临界水的特性和超临界水氧化的原理与工艺装置,综合这一高新技术在对酚,多氯联苯等有毒有机污染物、工业废水和污泥的处理方面的最新研究成,并对这一新型氧技术的发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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超临界水氧化技术是一种能够高效分解有机废物的新型环境友好技术。以质量平衡方程和能量平衡方程为基础,对废液处理量为300 m3/d利用水膜反应器超临界水氧化反应系统的经济性进行分析,并同其他有机废液处理技术进行比较。结果表明:系统的能量利用率可达到56.4%;利用超临界水氧化技术处理有机废液的成本为33.05元/m3左右;该技术处理废液范围广,产物清洁,尤其适用于二恶英、多氯联苯等有毒有害难降解物质的处理,且反应能量和产物CO2可回收利用,不仅经济上可行,还具有很好的环境效益。 相似文献
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《环境科学文摘》2001,(3)
X7 200101536国外超临界水氧化法在有机危险废物处理上的应用/孟令辉…(哈尔滨工业大学410信箱)//化工环保/中国石化集团公司北京化工研究院环保所.一20(X),20(5)一16一18环图X一32 超临界水氧化法是处理有机危险废物的有效方法之一,是~种新的处理技术。本文介绍了国外以超临界水为反应介质的超临界水氧化法的特点及其在处理多氧联苯、二恶英等有机危险废物中的应用。认为超临界水氧化技术在环保领域具有广阔的应用前景。图3表3参9X7 200101537固定化二氧化钦膜的制备及其光催化性能/张彭义…(清华大学环境科学工程系,环境模拟与污染控制… 相似文献
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垃圾渗滤液的超临界水氧化法处理应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
垃圾渗滤波是垃圾在堆放和填埋过程中由于生化反应渗滤出来的成分复杂的高浓度有机废水,危害性大,是水处理中的难题。超临界水氧化法采用高温高压强氧化使渗滤液反应并降解,本研究选取该法对垃圾渗滤液进行实验研究,以间歇式超临界水氧化装置作为反应器,通过单因素变量法,同时综合仪器设备腐蚀研究及安全等级,确定反应的“最优”工艺参数,即反应时间150秒、反应温度410℃、反应压力35Npa下,污染物的处理效率可达到96.6%,并同时对超临界水氧化法处理的影响因素进行分析。 相似文献
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超临界水处理有机废物研究新进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
超临界水处理废物以通过添加氧化剂的超临界水氧化和不加氧化剂的超临界水萃取两种方式实现,超临界水氧化应用较多,与其它废物处理技术相比有显著优点。本文总结了超临界水氧化流程和反应机理,评述了添加剂,温度,压力及停留时间,催化剂等对超临界水氧化反应的影响,同时介绍了超临界水氧化和超临界水萃取的最新应用研究状况及尚需解决问题。 相似文献
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Supercritical water oxidation for the destruction of toxic organic wastewaters: A review 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
The destruction of toxic organic wastewaters from munitions demilitarization and complex industrial chemical clearly becomes an overwhelming problem if left to conventional treatment processes. Two options, incineration and supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), exist for the complete destruction of toxic organic wastewaters. Incinerator has associated problems such as very high cost and public resentment; on the other hand, SCWO has proved to be a very promising method for the treatment of many different wastewaters with extremely efficient organic waste destruction 99.99% with none of the emissions associated with incineration. In this review, the concepts of SCWO, result and present perspectives of application, and industrial status of SCWO are critically examined and discussed. 相似文献
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采用超临界水氧化(supercritical water oxidation,SCWO)技术对TNT-RDX混合炸药废水进行氧化处理,研究了反应温度、压力、停留时间、过氧量等因素对降解效果的影响。结果表明:采用超临界水氧化技术能够迅速将TNT-RDX废水中的有机物彻底分解为无害的CO2和N2,随反应温度的升高、压力的增大、反应时间的延长,COD去除率也随之提高。过氧量对废水有机物氧化的COD去除率的影响依赖于反应的进程。当反应温度超过550℃,反应时间>120 s时,TNT-RDX废水的COD去除率>99%,完全达到了国家火炸药水污染物排放标准的要求。 相似文献
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The 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT)is a potential carcinogens and TNT contaminated wastewater,which could not be effectively disposed with conventional treatments.The supercritical water oxidation(SCWO)to treat TNT contaminated wastewater was studied in this article.The TNT concentration in wastewater was measured by high-performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC)and the degraded intermediates were analyzed using GC-MS.The results showed that SCWO could degrade TNT efficiently in the presence of oxygen.The reaction temperature,pressure,residence time and oxygen excess were the main contributing factors in the process.The decomposition of TNT was accelerated as the temperature or residence time increased.At 550℃,24 MPa,120 s and oxygen excess 300%,TNT removal rate could exceed 99.9%.Partial oxidation occured in SCWO without oxygen.It was concluded that supercritical water was a good solvent and had excellent oxidation capability in the existence of oxygen.The main intermediates of TNT during SCWO included toluene,1,3,5-trinitrobenzene,nitrophenol,naphthalene,fluorenone,dibutyl phthalate,alkanes and several dimers based on the intermediate analysis.Some side reactions,such as coupled reaction,hydrolysis reaction and isomerization reaction may take place simultaneously when TNT was oxidized by SCWO. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cleaner Production》2007,15(10):972-978
The effectiveness of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) process for the simultaneous recovery of chromium and destruction of organics from liquid crystal display (LCD) manufacturing process wastewater was investigated. The experiments were performed in an isothermal continuous-flow tubular reactor and H2O2 was used as an oxidant. The reaction temperatures ranged from 400 to 605 °C and the residence times ranged from 15 to 31 s at a fixed pressure of 25 MPa. The effect of temperature, oxidant concentration and residence time on chromium recovery and chemical oxygen demand (COD) conversion was investigated. The results of this study demonstrated that the SCWO process recovered chromium and decreased chemical oxygen demand up to 99.3% and 99.9%, respectively. The analyses showed that chromium are recovered as chromium oxide (α-HCrO2 and Cr2O3). The SCWO process is an effective technique for simultaneously recovering chromium and for the destruction of hazardous organics in the LCD manufacturing process wastewater. Our study showed that there are two consequent reactions, chromium recovery reaction (hydrolysis) followed by the organic decomposition reaction (oxidation). The recovery of chromium can be achieved without major organic decomposition. 相似文献
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Yaqin Tan Zhemin Shen Weimin Guo Chuang Ouyang Jinping Ji Weili Jiang Haiyun Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(3):512-518
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针对现有城镇污水处理系统存在的高投入、高产污和低效率等问题,提出了面向污水资源(wastewater resource)极尽利用的“污水精炼(wastewater refining)”新理念,剖析了实现污水精炼的关键技术和可能的技术途径。污水精炼的核心理念是将污水视为资源,改变以污染物分解和去除为基础的现有处理技术原理,通过污水中有价值物质的精细化筛分和定向增值转化,实现污水中水、有机质和无机盐等资源的安全、高效和极尽利用。污水精炼主要包括筛分、转化和利用3个关键环节。基于技术分析,针对不同的场景,提出了污水精炼生态模式(wRefine-E)和污水精炼高端模式(wRefine-S)2种技术途径,并对污水精炼关键技术(wastewater refining technology)进行了较为系统的分析;同时指出,再生水安全高效利用是污水精炼技术发展的重要推动力,污水再生与资源能源转化耦合是未来的必然发展方向。 相似文献