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生态文明建设为东海近年来的高速发展提供了保障,也为新一轮跨越式发展创造了良好的条件并奠定了扎实的基础。增强了城市的综合竞争力,提升了全民的生活品质,推动了社会事业的协调发展。 相似文献
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简述了微生物肥料的种类和作用,介绍了我国微生物肥料应用现状,分析了存在的问题并提出了相关的处理建议。 相似文献
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介绍了《园林CAD》课程的项目化教学思路,从课程对应岗位群、教学内容的项目化处理、教学设计等3个方面阐述了项目化教学的实践应用。教学实践表明,该方法有效增强了学生学习专业知识的目的性,实现了理论教学和实践教学更好的衔接,有效提高了学生的岗位能力,取得了较好的教学效果,为类似专业课程的教学提供了参考。 相似文献
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The purpose of this research was to determine changes in negative air ion (NAI) concentrations produced by plants grown under different light intensities. NAI concentrations were observed and analyzed in an outdoor green space with five plant species (Aloe arborescens, Clivia miniata, Chlorophytum comosum, Opuntia brunnescens, Crassula portulacea) and A. arborescens was then grown under controlled-light conditions in an enclosed space for the subsequent light intensity experiment. 相似文献
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Martínez Salvador M Mata-González R Morales Nieto C Valdez-Cepeda R 《Environmental management》2012,49(1):55-63
Agave salmiana is a native plant species harvested for the commercial production of mezcal (Agave spirits) in the highlands of central Mexico. The objective of this study was to identify vegetation changes in natural communities
where A. salmiana has been differentially harvested for commercial purposes. Three plant community categories were identified in the state
of Zacatecas based on their history of A. salmiana utilization: short (less than 10 years of use), moderate (about 25 years), and long (60 or more years). Species cover, composition,
and density were evaluated in field surveys by use category. A gradient of vegetation structure of the communities parallels
the duration of A. salmiana use. A. salmiana density was greatest (3,125 plants ha−1) in the short-use areas and less (892 plants ha−1) in the moderate-use areas, associated with markedly greater density of shrubs (200%) and Opuntia spp. (50%) in moderate-use areas. The main shrubs were Larrea tridentata, Mimosa biuncifera,
Jatropha dioica and Buddleia scordioides while the main Opuntia species were Opuntia leucotricha and Opuntia robusta. A. salmiana density was least (652 plants ha−1) in the long-use areas where shrubs were less abundant but Opuntia spp. density was 25% higher than in moderate-use areas. We suggest that shrubs may increase with moderate use creating an
intermediate successional stage that facilitates the establishment of Opuntia spp. Long-term Agave use is generating new plant communities dominated by Opuntia spp. (nopaleras) as a replacement of the original communities dominated by A. salmiana (magueyeras). 相似文献
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Response of Organic and Inorganic Carbon and Nitrogen to Long-Term Grazing of the Shortgrass Steppe 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We investigated the influence of long-term (56 years) grazing on organic and inorganic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents of the plant–soil system (to 90 cm depth) in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. Grazing treatments included continuous season-long (May–October) grazing by yearling heifers at heavy (60–75% utilization) and light (20–35% utilization) stocking rates, and nongrazed exclosures. The heavy stocking rate resulted in a plant community that was dominated (75% of biomass production) by the C4 grass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), whereas excluding livestock grazing increased the production of C3 grasses and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polycantha). Soil organic C (SOC) and organic N were not significantly different between the light grazing and nongrazed treatments, whereas the heavy grazing treatment was 7.5 Mg ha–1 higher in SOC than the nongrazed treatment. Lower ratios of net mineralized N to total organic N in both grazed compared to nongrazed treatments suggest that long-term grazing decreased the readily mineralizable fraction of soil organic matter. Heavy grazing affected soil inorganic C (SIC) more than the SOC. The heavy grazing treatment was 23.8 Mg ha–1 higher in total soil C (0–90 cm) than the nongrazed treatment, with 68% (16.3 Mg ha–1) attributable to higher SIC, and 32% (7.5 Mg ha–1) to higher SOC. These results emphasize the importance in semiarid and arid ecosystems of including inorganic C in assessments of the mass and distribution of plant–soil C and in evaluations of the impacts of grazing management on C sequestration. 相似文献
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This paper examines how the concept of sustainable development is being put into practice by local policy partnership networks. We suggest that due to the highly contested nature of the concept, these networks are facing problems in trying to unravel what sustainable development actually means. Few organisations are grappling with the more fundamental implications of the concept and, as a result, policies for sustainability are being developed cheek by jowl with those of economic growth and competitiveness. Moreover, established local policy networks play a dominant role in defining a vision of sustainable development to the detriment of groups outside the policy process. Mechanisms and institutions need to be established to widen participation and debate on the issue and to draw upon lessons and ideas from organisations outside established networks, such as environmental and campaign groups, third sector organisations, community associations and socially responsible businesses. Este documento examina como el concepto de desarrollo sostenible esta siendo puesto en práctica por redes de sociedades normativas locales. Nosotros sugerimos que debido a la alta naturaleza competitiva del concepto, estas redes estan enfrentando problemas al tratar de desenredar lo que significa realmente desarrollo sostenible. Pocas organizaciones están intentando resolver las implicaciones mas fundamentals del concepto y como resultado las políticas para la sostenibilidad estan siendo desarrolladas lado a lado con esas de crecimiento económico y competitividad. Además, las redes normativas locales establecidas juegan un papel predominante en definir una visión de desarrollo sostenible para el detrimento de grupos por fuera del proceso regulador. Los mecanismos y las instituciones necesitan ser establecidos para ampliar la participación y debatir sobre el asunto y para deducir sobre lecciones e ideas tomadas de organizaciones por fuera de las redes establecidas tales como grupos ambientales y de campaña, organizaciones del tercer sector, asociaciones comunitarias y negocios socialmente responsables. 相似文献
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This article relates the productive and potential oil fields in India to plate junctions and other major tectonic features. High geothermal gradients are known to accelerate the expulsion of petroleum from the source bed, as well as its migration and accumulation in favourable reservoir rocks, resulting in high yield. Some of the world's major petroleum deposits occur along ‘failed arms’ associated with the plume generated triple junctions. Seven triple junctions have been located in the Indian region, and two more are identified here. Interestingly, India's off-shore petroleum prospects coincide with some of these triple junctions. Cet article établit la relation entre les champs de pétrole en production et potentiels en Inde à la théorie des plaques et à d'autres traits tectoniques importants. L'on sait que des gradients géothermiques élevés accélèrent l'expulsion du pétrole à partir de la roche-mère et favorisent la migration et l'accumulation dans des réservoirs convenables. Quelques-uns des plus grands champs de pétrole du monde se rencontrent en liaison avec des ‘bras morts’ associés avec un système triple de fossés d'effondrement. Sept systèmes triples ont été repérés en Inde et deux autres sont reconnus ici. II est intéressant de remarquer que les possibilités pétrolières de l'offshore indien coïncide avec certains de ces systèmes triples. Este artículo establece la relación entre los campos petrolíferos en producción y potenciales de India a la teoría de placas y otros aspectos tectónicos. Es sabido que una gradiente térmica alta ascelera la expulsión del petróleo desde la roca madre y favorece su migración y acumulación en rocas reservorio favorables. Algunos de los mayores depósitos de petróleo se encuentran a lo largo de los “brazos muertos” asociados a un sistema triple de unión de placas. Siete uniones de este tipo habia sido localizadas en India y otros dos más son identificados aquí. Es interesante notar que las posibilidades petroleras en la zona marítima de India coinciden con alguna forma de sistemas triple de placas. 相似文献
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About one third of the area of Turkey is underlain by carbonate rocks that are relatively soluble, and this has produced large areas of karst in the country. The economic implications of karst hydrology in Turkey are immense, considering its effects on water resource development. An ongoing project in Turkey, assisted by the United Nations, is undertaking a comprehensive and interrelated approach to solving hydrogeological problems in a karst polygon region of over 13,000 km2. The area chosen for this project has one of the most complex karst circulation systems, not only in Turkey, but probably in the entire Mediterranean basin. Demand for water in this polygon region is high. The project personnel have applied both the classical methods, such as geological mapping, geophysical research, aerial photo interpretation, drilling, and observation of piezometric boreholes to the problem, as well as more modern techniques such as quantitative fluorometry, processing of remotely sensed data, time bombs and environmental isotopes. Several examples of applied methods and of results obtained are presented. Un tiers environ de la surface de la Turquie recouvre des roches carbonatées relativement solubles où se sont formés des systèmes karstiques très étendus. Les implications économiques de l'hydrologie des karsts en Turquie sont considérables si on considère ses effets sur l'aménagement des ressources en eau. Dans un projet en Turquie, exécuté avec l'assistance des Nations Unies, une approche compréhensive et intégrée est en cours en vue de résoudre des problèmes hydrogéologiques dans un polygone karstique de plus de 13.000 km2. La zone choisie pour ce projet possède l'un des systèmes de circulation karstique les plus complexes qui existent non seulement en Turquie mais probablement dans tout le bassin méditerranéen. Dans ce polygone, la demande d'eau est très élevée. Pour étudier ce problème, le personnel du projet a appliqué deux méthodes classiques comprenant la cartographie géologique, l'exploration géophysique, l'interprétation photoaérienne, les sondages, l'observation des tubes piézométriques et des techniques plus modernes telles que la fluorémetrie quantitative, le traitement des données de la télédétection, les bombes à action retardée et le dosage des isotopes. L'article discute de plusieurs méthodes utilisées et des résultats qui en ont découlé. Cerca de una tercera parte del territorio de Turquía está sobre rocas carbonatadas. Las implicancias económicas de hidrología kárstica en Turquía son immensas si se consideran las posibilidades de desarrollo de sus recursos hidrológicos. En un proyecto en ejecución bajo la asistencia de las Naciones Unidas en Turquía se está haciendo un enfoque integral de la solución de los problemas hidrológicos en una región poligonal kárstica de mas de 13,000 km2. Esta región tiene uno de los sistemas mas complejos de circulación kárstica de no solamente de Turquía sino también probablemente de Mediterraneo. La demanda de agua en este polígono kárstico es muy alta. En el proyecto se está aplicando tanto los métodos geológicos, investigación geofisica, interpretación de fotografia área, perforación, y observación de sondajes piezométricos, asi como también técnicas modernas tales como fluorometría cuantitativa, procesamiento de datos obtenidos por satélite, bombas de acción retardada e isótopos de medio ambiente. Varios ejemplos de los métodos aplicados y de los resultados obtenidos se presentan a este artículo. 相似文献
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为分析飞机噪声对机场内部人员的影响,在某军用机场场区内选取九个主要建筑物作为研究对象,对其进行现场噪声测量,在实测数据的基础上,采用多项指标进行机场内部噪声环境评价和分析。结果表明:机场工作人员一直暴露在高噪声环境中,而且各类噪声事件均对其工作和身体健康产生影响,内场营区的声环境质量比外场工作区稍好,但离标准声环境仍有较大距离。最后结合军用机场的特点提出一些有针对性的防治措施。 相似文献