思想道德修养课教学改革初探

思想道德修养课是对大学生进行思想政治教育的主渠道之一.本文就如何切实提高思想道德修养课的教学质量,不断增加其育人效果、提出进行教学改革,具体方法是:思路树立课堂教学新模式,在教学中做到既教书又育人,进行课堂教学方法改革.     

湖南省县镇卫生院人力资源存在的主要问题及其对策思考

通过调查问卷及实地访谈的方式对湖南省部分乡镇卫生院人力资源(3 024人)进行了调查,通过对调查数据进行统计和分析,得出结论:湖南省乡镇卫生院人力资源存在卫生人员总量不足,人员素质有待提高;专业结构不平衡,职称结构偏向初级;人力资源管理不规范,资源配置不合理等问题.该文在分析湖南省乡镇卫生院人力资源存在问题的原因的基础上,提出具体的对策建议:发挥政府主导作用,促进乡镇卫生院自身发展;建立竞争和激励机制,健全人才考核体系;调整卫生专业结构,加强岗位培训和继续教育;更新人力资源管理模式,健全人力资源管理体制.图3,表1,参8.     

大学生诚信状况的分析及思考

诚信是公民道德建设最基本的规范之一．当然，更应当是青年学生思想道德建设的重点．当前，大学生诚信状况的主要问题是诚信道德的认知和行为存在着明显的差异，针对这种状况，采取相应措施，加强大学生诚信道德能力培养，注重诚信制度，优化诚信环境，实施对大学生诚信道德教育是当前高校的教育重点．     

大学生安全教育探索

随着时代的变迁,“象牙塔”具有封闭意义的围墙已经消失,大学生的活动范围从校园逐步扩大到整个错综复杂的社会,这使得各种生存隐患呈现.安全教育是培养大学生全面素质的重要内容,是提高学生法律意识、增强法制观念的有效途径,它对维护国家安全和学校稳定,确保学生人身财产安全和健康成长非常必要.     

论当代大学生法律意识培育的内涵及阻却因素

大学生是知识水平比较高的群体,其法律意识的高低将直接影响着我国社会主义法治建设的进程,对他们进行现代法律意识教育旨在使其成为既懂专业知识,又有较强法律意识的新型知识分子;同时,这也是预防大学生犯罪,实现依法治校,建设和谐校园的需要．参7．     

我院国资管理的现状及思考

阐述了高职院校国有资产管理的内涵和意义;范畴和分类;分析了院国有资产管理的现状与问题:资产投入需要广辟渠道,资产配置需要科学合理,资产流失需要严格控制,物资采购需要提质增速.提出了院国有资产管理的7条改革与探索思考:进一步健全和理顺管理体制,进一步健全和规范资产制度,进一步加强和提高资经效益,进一步改进和提高配置质量,进一步开源和节流学院资产,进一步清理和登记资产信息,进一步注重和确保资产安全.参3.     

高职院校职业资格证书制度的研究与探索

为深化高等教育改革，适应社会发展和市场变化对人才培养的客观要求与需要，国家有关部门率先在上海等地高校大学生中进行职业资格鉴定的首批试点，并针对2003届高职毕业生就业实际情况，着重实施毕业生职业资格培训工程，取得了部分成果与有益经验．但在实践中存在诸多问题和矛盾，需要进一步加以完善和规范．     

当代公共生活面临的伦理困境研究

在当前中国社会转型时期,人们的生活方式、行为方式、价值规范和文化观念都发生了急剧的变化,使得公共生活产生了许多新的伦理问题,面临着新的伦理困境.主要表现在:一是"熟人社会"向"陌生人社会"转变,交往实践前所未有的拓宽了,信息交流产生不对称;二是社会公共生活在"情"和"理"之间矛盾增加;三是群己调适的问题凸显,在"群己"问题上更强调二者的合理性共存.参9.     

医疗纠纷的预防与应对

随着社会的进步,人民生活水平的提高,人们运用法律武器保护自己的权益已逐渐成为常识．病人对自身健康的保护意识、经济意识也在不断增强,故医疗纠纷时有发生．一旦发生医疗纠纷,医院所消耗的人力、财力、物力、精力是无法估量的．笔者从医疗纠纷的预防和处理两方面进行分析与阐述,强调医护人员提高服务意识、法律意识、预防为主意识的重要性,从而从根本上防止医疗纠纷的发生．参2．     

大学生缺乏学习动力的原因及激励对策探讨

从社会、学校、家庭及学生个人等方面入手,分析了当前大学生缺乏学习动力的主要因素,有社会浮躁心理、大学生就业难、学生理想目标丧失、学校教育与管理不到位等;针对这些问题,提出了激发大学生学习动力的对策,其主要对策有：加强思想政治教育、做好职业规划、提高教师教学水平、切实解决大学生就业难问题等.参3.     

A view of the global conservation job market and how to succeed in it

The high demand for conservation work is creating a need for conservation‐focused training of scientists. Although many people with postsecondary degrees in biology are finding careers outside academia, many programs and mentors continue to prepare students to follow‐in‐the‐footsteps of their professors. Unfortunately, information regarding how to prepare for today's conservation‐based job market is limited in detail and scope. This problem is complicated by the differing needs of conservation organizations in both economically developed and developing regions worldwide. To help scientists identify the tools needed for conservation positions worldwide, we reviewed the current global conservation job market and identified skills required for success in careers in academia, government, nonprofit, and for‐profit organizations. We also interviewed conservation professionals across all conservation sectors. Positions in nonprofit organizations were the most abundant, whereas academic jobs were only 10% of the current job market. The most common skills required across sectors were a strong disciplinary background, followed by analytical and technical skills. Academic positions differed the most from other types of positions in that they emphasized teaching as a top skill. Nonacademic jobs emphasized the need for excellent written and oral communication, as well as project‐management experience. Furthermore, we found distinct differences across job locations. Positions in developing countries emphasized language and interpersonal skills, whereas positions in countries with advanced economies focused on publication history and technical skills. Our results were corroborated by the conservation professionals we interviewed. Based on our results, we compiled a nondefinitive list of conservation‐based training programs that are likely to provide training for the current job market. Using the results of this study, scientists may be better able to tailor their training to maximize success in the conservation job market. Similarly, institutions can apply this information to create educational programs that produce graduates primed for long‐term success.     

英国职业技术教育的特点

职业技术教育资格证书体系分为普通教育证书(OCE)、国家职业资格证书和国家普通职业资格证书,三者之间具有相互联系的等价关系．英国高等教育由双重制走向于单一制,这反映了世界高等教育发展的三大主要趋势,即强化市场意识,加强与社会的联系,重视提高质量．继续教育是指学生在16岁后所接受的教育和培训,包括普通中等教育证书考试高级水平课程、普通中等教育证书考试补充高级水平课程、国家通用职业资格和预科课程(亦称为基础课程)．多科技术学院主要承担高等职业教育任务,由中央政府委托组合社团(或协会)作为学校的社会管理机构,普遍实行“三明治”教育模式．职业技术教育理念是以学生为中心,提倡个性化教育．1944年颁布的《教育法》是教育改革的基本法,对英国的职业教育具有划时代的意义;1976年制定的《综合中学设置促进法》促进综合中学迅速发展;1988年《教育法》确定职业教育必须为当地工商企业培养应用型技术人才,办学模式、管理方式、课程设置均注重与企业的结合,突出技术教育,成为英国职业技术教育的新型类型．     

论构建我国资源安全保障的法律体系

资源安全是国家安全的重要组成部分,建构资源安全保障的法律体系具有十分重要的意义。文章从我国资源安全保障立法的现状出发,指出我国资源安全保障法律体系的指导思想是可持续发展观和科学的资源安全观,我国资源安全法律保障体系的整体框架应当包括保护自然资源系统的法律法规、合理开发战略性资源的法律法规、适度消费与高效利用资源的法律法规、利用国际市场与规避贸易风险的资源安全的法律法规、协调资源供给利用与净化资源安全管理的法律法规,并且我国资源安全保障具体法律制度应当从上述方面加以构建和完善。此外,构建我国资源安全法律保障具体制度还应当制定资源安全预警制度、资源安全押金制度、采取积极的资源安全激励措施等相关配套法律法规,从而保障我国资源安全保障法律的体系的完整与有效实施。     

Graduate Student's Guide to Necessary Skills for Nonacademic Conservation Careers

Graduate education programs in conservation science generally focus on disciplinary training and discipline‐specific research skills. However, nonacademic conservation professionals often require an additional suite of skills. This discrepancy between academic training and professional needs can make it difficult for graduate students to identify the skills and experiences that will best prepare them for the conservation job market. We analyzed job advertisements for conservation‐science positions and interviewed conservation professionals with experience hiring early‐career conservation scientists to determine what skills employers of conservation professionals seek; whether the relative importance of skills varies by job sector (government, nonprofit, and private); and how graduate students interested in careers in conservation science might signal competency in key skills to potential employers. In job advertisements, disciplinary, interpersonal, and project‐management skills were in the top 5 skills mentioned across all job sectors. Employers’ needs for additional skills, like program leadership, conflict resolution and negotiation, and technical and information technology skills, varied across sectors. Our interview results demonstrated that some skills are best signaled to employers via experiences obtained outside thesis or dissertation work. Our findings suggest that graduate students who wish to be competitive in the conservation job market can benefit by gaining skills identified as important to the job sector in which they hope to work and should not necessarily expect to be competent in these skills simply by completing their chosen degree path. Guía para el Estudiante de Grado de las Habilidades Necesarias para Carreras de Conservación Académicas     

广东省肥料市场现状、存在问题及对策

总结了当前广东省肥料生产、供应、价格的基本情况，指出了该省肥料市场存在的主要问题，最后提出了改善该省肥料市场秩序的对策。认为应当切实落实肥料生产流通中的各项优惠政策，降低肥料生产成本；建立适应社会主义市场经济要求的肥料储备制度；加快《肥料管理条例》的立法步伐；加强宣传和培训，提高农民鉴别能力和自我保护意识。     

Conservation and the Lure of the Garden

Abstract:  Among the conservation voices today who seek a sensible "middle ground" in remedying land-use problems are those who propose a tend-the-garden ethic in which humans would merely need to view the earth as a garden and labor to make it productive and beautiful in order to solve conservation challenges. This line of reasoning is exemplified by Michael Pollan's highly praised book, Second Nature , which supports conservation values but harshly criticizes contemporary environmental efforts, including the work of such organizations as The Nature Conservancy. Pollan's portrayal of the gardener as model conservationist is usefully compared with an important essay by Aldo Leopold from a half-century ago, "The Farmer as a Conservationist," which similarly uses a model land tender as exemplar of where conservation needs to head. Comparing the two writings reveals profound flaws in the contemporary tend-the-garden line of thought. In doing so, it usefully reveals to scientists why their efforts are so often misunderstood and resisted. The popularity of tend-the-garden reasoning illustrates how successful the environmental backlash has been in misportraying the motives and aims of serious conservationists, particularly those who seek to protect wildlife and natural habitat. In doing so, it highlights the need for conservationists to take their own ideas more seriously and to do a far better job of presenting those ideas, in coherent form, to broad audiences.     

A Conceptual Analysis of the Application of Tradable Permits to Biodiversity Conservation

Abstract: Tradable permits have been applied in many areas of environmental policy and may be a response to increasing calls for flexible conservation instruments that successfully conserve biodiversity while allowing for economic development. The idea behind applying tradable permits to conservation is that developers wishing to turn land to economic purposes, thereby destroying valuable habitat, may only do so if they submit a permit to the conservation agency showing that habitat of at least the equivalent ecological value is restored elsewhere. The developer himself does not need to carry out the restoration, but may buy a permit from a third party, thus allowing a market to emerge. Nevertheless, the application of tradable permits to biodiversity conservation is a complex issue because destroyed and restored habitats are likely to differ. There may be various trade‐offs between the ecological requirements that destroyed and restored habitats be as similar as possible, and the need for a certain level of market activity to have a functioning trading system. The success of tradable permits as an instrument for reconciling the conflicts between economic development and conservation depends on the existence of certain economic, institutional, and ecological preconditions, for example, a functioning institutional framework, sufficient expert knowledge, and adequate monitoring and enforcement mechanisms.     

高校思想政治工作创新浅论

社会进入二十一世纪,时代的发展,教育观念的转变,对高校学生的思想政治工作提出了新的机遇和挑战,新的时期,如何做好高校学生思想政治工作,这是摆在思想政治工作者面前的重要课题。笔者认为,创新,是高校思想政治工作的生命所在,既是时代发展、教育向素质教育转轨的客观要求,也是高校思想政治工作本身发展的内在动力。思想政治工作的创新是整体的,只有从思想政治工作的内容、形式和方法上全面创新,才能适应社会发展和人才成长的需要。     

基于经济全球一体化背景的我国会计制度改革

分析了经济全球化对我国现行会计准则、对无形资产会计业务、对固定资产折旧方法、对坏账计提的规定及对人力资源会计业务的影响，充分探讨了这些影响对我国会计改革所带来的不利后果；在此基础上提出会计改革的基本思路，即完善会计准则、拓展无形资产的核算范围、对固定资产采用加速折旧法、提高坏账准备率和应尽快将人力资源会计纳入财务会计系统；最后从进一步转换政府职能，加强会计监管，满足社会公共需要和抓住机遇，积极稳妥地开放会计服务市场，提升我国会计行业的竞争力和整体水平及加强会计法规体系建设，积极开展诚信教育，强化职业道德建设和专业技能培训等方面对会计改革提出了三点意见．     

关于铁路运输企业一线员工实施岗位轮换制的构想

从分析铁路目前施行的固定的岗位责任制弊端入手,以大型的客货运车站为例,提出了对铁路运输企业一线员工进行岗位轮换制改革的构想,并对该制度发挥的作用,实现形式、具体操作程序、以及实施过程中可能出现的问题进行了探究,有一定的指导和现实意义.图3,参3.