工程用Ag/AgCl参比电极性能对比研究

使用热浸涂法和粉压法制备了工程用Ag/AgCl参比电极.电化学性能测试表明热浸涂法和粉压法制备的Ag/AgCl参比电极的电位稳定性都比较好,但热浸涂法制备的Ag/AgCl参比电极的耐极化性能优于粉压法制备的Ag/AgCl参比电极.热浸涂法和粉压法制备的Ag/AgCl参比电极的温度系数都比较小,温度响应特性较好.海水流速...     

AgCl/ZnO/GO光催化降解甲基橙的性能研究

为了提高ZnO对偶氮染料污染物的光催化降解效率,以AgCl和GO(氧化石墨烯)作为改性剂,通过水热法和化学沉积法制备了AgCl/ZnO/GO光催化材料,采用XRD、SEM、XPS、UV-Vis方法对材料的物相组成、微观形貌及光学特性进行表征;以MO(甲基橙)为目标污染物探究其在可见光下的催化降解性能,考察AgCl含量、催化剂投加量、pH对其可见光催化活性的影响.结果表明:①AgCl的沉积和GO的负载增强了ZnO对可见光的响应能力提高了光生电子-空穴产生、分离效率同时增加了材料的分散性及其对MO的吸附率,因此AgCl/ZnO/GO光催化材料对MO有良好的可见光催化降解效率.②AgCl/ZnO/GO对MO的催化降解效率随着AgCl含量的增加而增加,随着催化剂投加量的增加呈先增后降的趋势,溶液pH对其降解效果有一定影响,但不显著.③当AgCl/ZnO(二者物质的量的比)为2:1、AgCl/ZnO/GO投加量为70 mg、pH为7、室温下经过可见光照射50 min后,AgCl/ZnO/GO对质量浓度为10 mg/L的MO的降解率可达98.93%;此外,该催化剂重复使用4次对MO仍具有88%的去...     

Ag/AgCl海洋电场探测电极研究进展

针对目前广泛应用于海洋电场传感器中的全固态粉压型Ag/AgCl电极对的极差稳定时间长,无法满足快速部署、实时探测这一要求,系统阐述了Ag/AgCl海洋电场探测电极的性能要求和制备工艺方法,对比了制备工艺的优缺点。综述了Ag/AgCl海洋电场探测电极的制备工艺优化以及改性方法,论述了近些年国内外关于Ag/AgCl电极改性的研究进展,并对Ag/AgCl海洋电场探测电极未来的研究与发展趋势进行了展望。     

Effect of manufacturing methods of AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst on selective catalytic reduction of NOx

The AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst has potential for use in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx. A compound hydrocarbon, following oxygenation is used as a type of reducing agent. In this experiment, the AgCl/Al2O3 catalyst was produced by four different methods, and the differences among their reduction catalysis of NOx were compared. Ethanol was used as a type of reducing agent. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to study the crystalline structure and scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were applied to determine the microindentation. The results indicated that, in the range of 350–400°C, there was no significant difference on the NOx reduction rate; however, there was dispersion at high and low temperature ranges. The size of the AgCl particles was about 20–100 nm.     

NaCl溶液pH值对5083铝合金腐蚀的影响研究

采用电化学试验方法,结合金相组织观察、SEM、腐蚀形貌观察等,研究了在不同pH值时3％(质量分数)NaCl溶液中5083铝合金的点蚀电位、自腐蚀电位及腐蚀质量损失.研究结果表明,5083铝合金点蚀电位基本接近,自腐蚀电位存在差异,而且在强酸、强碱溶液中会发生全面均匀的腐蚀溶解;在弱酸、弱碱或偏中性溶液中由于在夹杂物及基...     

Influence of coating method on catalyst activity of AgCl/Al2O3/SUS304 composite plate

The γ-Al₂0₃ and AgCl/Al₂0₃ catalyst powder were coated on a stainless steel substrate by dip coating and electrophoretic deposition method. And AgCl/Al₂0₃ catalyst was produced by three kinds of methods, and the difference between the NOx reduction catalysis of the coated sample was compared. XRD and SEM were used to study the crystalline structure and cross-section of the coatings. The coating of γ-Al₂0₃ with the thickness of 3-5 μm and AgCl/Al₂0₃ catalyst with the thickness of 5-9 μrn were made on the surface of SUS304 plate without exfoliation. The NOx conversion of the coated sample with catalyst was about 70% at the maximum.     

NaCl盐度对氨氧化细菌活性的影响及动力学特性

含盐废水的硝化过程常常出现亚硝酸盐积累,NaCl盐度对氨氧化菌(AOB)活性的影响与动力学特性并不清楚.采用高浓度氨氮污水富集培养AOB,并成功实现短程硝化.对富含AOB的污泥进行荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)分析表明AOB占细菌总数比例为(55±7)%.污泥的最大比氨氧化速率为(0.92±0.13)gN/(gVSS·d).用此污泥考察了NaCl盐度对AOB活性的影响,并测定了10g/L时AOB的动力学参数(KNH3、Ko).试验结果表明,与盐度为0g/L时的AOB活性相比,盐度为15g/L时的AOB活性降低了37%;盐度为30g/L时降低了85%.盐度为10g/L时,AOB的最大比氨氧化速率为(0.62 ± 0.03)gN/(gVSS·d),底物半饱和常数KNH3值为(7.62 ± 0.13)mg/L,氧的半饱和常数Ko值为(0.39 ± 0.04)mg/L,其中KNH3测定值高于ASM2模型推荐值.NaCl盐度对AOB的抑制降低了最大比氨氧化速率,对底物(NH4+-N)传递存在影响.     

NaCl对好氧颗粒污泥短程硝化反硝化的影响

利用SBR(序批式反应器)研究了不同ρ(NaCl)、曝气时间、ρ(COD_Cr)、进水ρ(NH₄+-N)对AGS(好氧颗粒污泥)短程硝化反硝化的影响. 结果表明,在pH、温度和ρ(DO)为8.0、30 ℃和3 mg/L条件下,以及ρ(NaCl)、曝气时间、ρ(COD_Cr)和ρ(NH₄+-N)为20 g/L、8 h、600 mg/L和70 mg/L时,η_A(NH₄+-N去除率)和NAR(NO₂--N积累率)达到最佳. 当进水ρ(NaCl)为10 g/L时,NOB(亚硝酸盐氧化菌)被完全抑制,AOB(氨氧化菌)能够保持正常活性. ρ(COD_Cr)较高时能够促进NAR的提高. 经过116 d的培养,AGS短程硝化反硝化的耐盐极限为50 g/L,此时η_A小于50%,AOB被严重抑制,AGS丧失硝化能力. AGS的同步硝化反硝化作用明显,SND(同步硝化反硝化率)平均值为24.2%,SNDV(同步硝化反硝化比速率)平均值为0.63 h-1,低ρ(DO)比高ρ(DO)下的SND同步硝化反硝化作用更为明显.      

铝合金在NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为

采用极化曲线法和交流阻抗法,分析了ZL102和LF6铝合金在不同pH的3%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特性,并用金相显微镜观察了铝合金的微观组织。结果表明,2种铝合金的自腐蚀电位都随着pH的升高变得愈负;除pH=9.5的情形之外,ZL102铝合金的腐蚀速率均小于LF6铝合金;LF6铝合金结构的不均匀性与其加入的合金化元素是导致其耐蚀性能较ZL102铝合金差的主要原因。     

两种紫铜在3.5％NaCl溶液中的腐蚀性能比较

采用极化曲线和交流阻抗技术,研究了2种紫铜在3.5％(质量分数)NaC1溶液中的腐蚀行为,比较了其耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,随着浸泡时间的延长,2种紫铜的自腐蚀电位先降低再升高,腐蚀速率先增大后减小.金相观察发现紫铜T2的第二相夹杂颗粒大小不均匀、晶粒粗大,经扫描电镜和能谱分析后发现其夹杂的成分不同,这是导致其耐蚀性能出现...     

NaCl对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产VFA浓度及组分的影响

通过间歇实验研究了最适反应条件(pH值为6.0、温度为35℃)下NaCl含量对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)的影响.考察了NaCl含量为0.0,3.0,6.0,9.0,12.0g/L下的有机酸浓度及组成情况.结果表明,NaCl对厌氧发酵液中VFA浓度影响显著,随NaCl含量提高VFA浓度呈下降趋势,当NaCl含量达到12.0g/L时,VFA浓度在第114h达到最大值4.14g/L,仅为未添加NaCl条件下的10.1%.发酵液中各组分变化经历丁酸积累、乙酸积累与乙酸消耗3个阶段,NaCl对厌氧发酵类型影响不显著,各批次发酵均为丁酸型发酵,仅当NaCl含量超过6.0g/L时丁酸积累阶段时间延长.     

The growth of large diamond crystals

Large diamond crystals up to 6 mm in average diameter may be grown at high pressures (55–60 kbar) and temperatures (1400–1500 °C) by causing diamond to dissolve in a molten catalyst metal (Fe, Ni, Co, etc.) in a hot region and deposit upon a seed crystal in a slightly cooler region. Several days are required to produce a high quality single crystal. The process can be controlled to produce different kinds of diamonds whose properties have been studied.     

电化学法处理含盐染料废水

研究了电化学法处理含盐染料废水的可行性及其处理效果．结果表明,电化学法对废水的色度和COD具有良好的去除效果,电解过程中余氯的产生对色度和COD的去除有决定性作用．实验确定的高浓度含盐废水电化学处理条件为：电流密度0．017A/cm²,电压10．3V,平均电导率12．35ms/cm,电解60min,色度和COD的去除率分别为85％和99．8％．电解过程无难以继续反应的中间产物生成．     

催化臭氧氧化过程中溴酸盐的生成机制研究

以黄河下游某水厂滤后水为目标物,选择了9种催化剂,在间歇反应装置中研究了单独臭氧和催化臭氧氧化过程中溴酸盐（BrO 3-）的生成情况,结果表明,在催化臭氧氧化过程中,NiO、CuO、Fe3O4、Al2O3加入使BrO 3-质量分数分别降低34.0%、32.8%、29.2%、20.8%.选取Fe3 O4作为催化剂研究催化...     

A laboratory study on the scavenging of SO2 by snow crystals

A laboratory experiment is described where the uptake of SO₂ by dendritic snow crystals was studied. In a first experimental series the uptake of SO₂ was investigated during the growth of the snow crystals from water vapor with and without the presence of H₂O₂ in the air. In a second series of experiments we studied the uptake of SO₂ by snow crystals which had completed their growth. The results of our experiments showed that under both conditions SO₂ became scavenged by snow crystals. The uptake of SO₂ was particularly pronounced during the growth of the snow crystals, and at temperatures close to 0°C where a quasi-liquid layer exists at the surface of ice. As expected, the SO₂ uptake becomes enhanced in the presence of H₂O₂. The present results are in qualitative agreement with previous studies involving bulk ice.     

5%NaCl盐雾环境对铝合金铆接防护结构性能影响研究

目的研究2024铝合金在5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳性能。方法开展2024铝合金5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳试验,采用"疲劳加载-腐蚀环境"交替循环的试验模式,通过试验测试铝合金铆接结构在5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳寿命值,分析不同疲劳载荷大小对铝合金连接结构的腐蚀疲劳寿命影响。结果 5%NaCl盐雾环境对于铝合金铆接结构疲劳寿命有较大影响,疲劳载荷对防护涂层防护性能和腐蚀疲劳载荷的滞后效应等两方面影响,0.25P破坏载荷相较于0.3P破坏载荷,涂层防护作用影响更小,低载锻炼效应更强,腐蚀疲劳寿命降低量更少。结论 2024铝合金铆接结构耐腐蚀性能与结构载荷和防护涂层特性有重要关系。