广东梅州合水水库枢纽水质变化及饮用水源地环境管理对策

根据2002~2008年合水水库及宁江兴南桥站位的实测资料,分析兴宁饮水源保护区及宁江的水质变化特点,并讨论影响富营养现象及锰等微量元素个别时间超标的原因;根据水质变化特点,提出保洁治理的方法,为梅州＂以人为本＂的和谐社会服务。     

《边城》故事——以牺牲环境为代价的虚假繁荣

若是不读沈从文的《边城》,很多人不会知道凤凰古城;若不是2006年被国家环保总局与监察部列为首批挂牌案件,很多人不会知道"锰三角".更不会有人知道,从凤凰古城行程200公里方可到达"锰三角"中的一角湘西花垣县茶峒镇.     

锰资源开发利用中存在的问题和对策——以秀山锰矿为例

针对秀山锰矿开采秩序混乱、效率偏低、矸石处理、电解锰渣堆存和生产废水、锰深加工路线不健全等特点,结合其他地区锰资源的开发利用情况,提出了秀山锰矿应扩大开采规模,规范管理,矸石用于充填安全柱,加高加固锰渣尾矿库,锰渣的资源化利用等措施;提取生产废水中的金属元素,减少废水产生量,废水达标处理和循环利用降低污染;依靠发展和扩大锰产业链,加大科技投入,促进秀山的可持续发展.     

以科学发展观为指导,走环境友好之路——广东塔牌集团股份有限公司节能减排侧记

广东塔牌集团股份有限公司(下称"塔牌集团")是一家被列入国家重点支持发展和《广东省建材行业结构调整实施方案》鼓励扶持发展的以水泥为主业、跨地区、跨行业、关联多元化发展的梅州市骨干企业集团之一的大型企业集团。目前已形成广东惠州、梅州、福建武平"三大"水泥生产基地公司。产品"塔牌"水泥先后荣获"全国用户满意产品"、"广东省名牌产品",塔牌商标获得"广东省著名商标"等荣誉。     

今日梅州 环境优美——广东省梅州市环保局“十五”环保成

“十五”期间,广东省梅州市环保局坚持环境保护基本国策,积极贯彻落实科学发展观,努力打造适合居住和创业的环境。今日梅州生态优美,环境迷人。环境质量优良“十五”期间,梅州市环境质量保持稳定,城市大气环境质量达到国家规定的二级标准,梅州人民的母亲河——梅江河水质保持在     

锰尾矿资源循环利用分析与环境评价

通过分析我国锰资源分布及锰矿产业发展现状,预测未来10年我国锰尾矿排放量.通过分析评价重庆市秀山、城口锰尾矿对区域生态环境的影响,提出锰尾矿循环利用途径及可产生的效益,归纳出锰资源可持续发展的三点建议.     

自养型锰氧化菌的选育及除锰效果研究

自养型生物除锰滤池可以有效地去除地下水中的锰,为了获取接种该滤池的菌种并探究其除锰效果,利用改良的JFM培养基对曝气池中的活性污泥进行驯化培养,筛选出了除锰率在90%以上的高效自养型锰氧化菌。通过平板培养和革兰氏染色,得到3种不同的菌落且均为阴性菌,16S rDNA基因组测序发现5种不同的科属。菌液经过2个周期的传代培养,探究其除锰效果,最高除锰率达到了98%。     

高锰酸钾预氧化强化微污染水源水中锰的去除

目前,我国很多地区地表水都存在锰超标问题,这给供水安全带来了极大隐患.本文考察了高锰酸盐预氧化强化水中锰的去除效果.实验结果表明,原水经过高锰酸盐处理后,水中的锰含量明显降低,当高锰酸盐投加量达到0.5mg/L之后,水中的锰离子浓度已经达到了原子吸收检出限以下,但色度有所增加.当高锰酸钾∶硫酸亚铁=1∶4时,水中的锰去除效果较好,色度降低,随着亚铁离子投加比例的增加,水中锰的去除率反而下降.     

Zeeman石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定工业废水中的锰

锰是地壳中丰度较高的元素。一般而言,锰对人体健康的影响是利多于弊,因此,它属于人体必需元素。但是人体一旦摄入过多的锰将会引起严重的中毒现象。水中锰的测定被列为环境监测的     

今日梅州 环境优美——广东省梅州市环保局“十五”环保成果展示

“十五“期间，广东省梅州市环保局坚持环境保护基本国策，积极贯彻落实科学发展观努力打造适合居住和创业的环境，今日梅州生态优美，环境迷人。     

TRACE ELEMENTS IN NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS STRIP MINE AND LIVESTOCK IMPOUNDMENT WATER1

ABSTRACT: The water from 32 strip mine water impoundments and nine livestock watering ponds in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming were analyzed for trace elements. Because of the high concentrations of trace elements in coal and bentonite clay, the possibility exists for these elements to dissolve or be suspended in the water. Strip mine ponds were not significantly higher in trace element concentrations compared to livestock ponds. All but one of the 41 ponds sampled contained elemental concentrations that would be detrimental for livestock use or aquatic life use. Cadmium and lead were the elements most frequently in excess of water quality crieria. Lead was found in the study ponds about 35 times the median concentration of North American rivers. Manganese concentrations were found to exceed iron in many ponds, which is unusual in natural waters. The potential for detrimental concentrations of trace elements in pond water must be evaluated when designing land use management plans for ponds intended to be used by livestock or aquatic life.     

WATER QUALITY BENEATH URBAN RUNOFF WATER MANAGEMENT BASINS1

ABSTRACT: The chemical impact of urban runoff water on water quality beneath five retention/recharge basins was investigated as part of the US EPA's Nationwide Urban Runoff Program in Fresno, California. Soil water percolating through alluvium soils and the ground water at the top of the water table were sampled with ceramic/Teflon vacuum water extractors at depths up to 26 m during the two-year investigation. Inorganic and organic pollutants are present in the runoff water delivered to the basins. No significant contamination of percolating soil water or ground water underlying any of the five retention/recharge basins has occurred for constituents monitored in the study. The oldest basins was constructed in 1962. The concentration of selected trace elements in the ground water samples was similar to the levels reported in the regional ground water. None of the pesticides or other organic priority pollutants, for which water samples were analyzed, was s̊ detected except diazinon which was found in trace amounts (0.3 μg/L or less) in only three soil water samples. These results are important to the continued conservation of storm water and the development of a best management practice for storm-water management using retention/recharge basins in a semi-arid climate.     

关于城市水“分流”的设想

淡水是人类赖以生存的资源,淡水的短缺已成为制约经济发展的重要因素之一,并危及人类的生存。解决淡水危机,加强淡水资源利用和管理已刻不容缓。对城市进行分流供水,对产生的废水进行分流回收处理,是实现淡水资源的持续利用,满足城市用水需要的新思路     

Relationship of Water Quality and Pollutant Loads to Land Uses in adjoining watersheds1

ABSTRACT: The Grand and Saugeen Rivers in southern Ontario were chosen for study as pilot watersheds under the Pollution From Land Use Activities Reference Group (PLUARG) study. The pilot watersheds have adjacent headwater areas and are physically similar in geology, physiography, and climate. Significant differences in water quality between the watersheds at their outlets are attributed to land use and population differences. The major pollutant sources in the two pilot watersheds were identified as trace elements from urban runoff and point source discharges; phosphorus from agricultural and urban runoff and private waste disposal; chloride from transportation corridors; and sediment and nitrogen from agricultural runoff. Yields at the watershed outlets were similar for suspended sediment and two to three times as high in the Grand River for phosphours, nitrogen, chloride, and lead. The higher phosphorus and nitrogen levels were attributed to larger point source inputs and the higher proportion of agricultural activity, comprising 75 percent of the Grand River basin compared to 64 percent in the Saugeen River basin. Similarly, the higher chloride and lead levels were attributed to an order of magnitude larger population and three times as much urban land in the Grand River basin compared to the Saugeen River basin.     

Impact of Coal Ash from Electric Power Production on Changes in Water Quality1

ABSTRACT: Since 1972 the use of coal in the U.S. has increased much more rapidly than predicted, with much of this increased use by electric power generating plants. Residue after combustion consists primarily of inorganic materials, with the majority of chemical elements concentrated in fly ash as is sulfate. The concentration of sulfate in this ash fraction most affects the chemical and physical state of other elements when fly ash comes in contact with water by lowering the pH. In a properly constructed and operated ash settling basin, however, major water quality parameters of effluent may be improved as compared to source water. It is necessary, however, to consider the solubility or deposition in sediment of potentially toxic chemical elements from fly ash as these may affect reuse of this water, or as they may impact other parts of the aquatic environment.     

饮用矿泉水中微量钡的测定方法

采用硫酸钡比浊法测定饮用矿泉水中微量的钡。结果如下：１＋１０硫酸用量以５ｍＬ为最佳;标准曲线相关系数达极显著水准;回收率９５—１０７％;变异系数６４８％;最佳比浊时间为停止搅拌后３０ｍｉｎ内     

Major and trace elements of selected pedons in the USA

Few studies of soil geochemistry over large geographic areas exist, especially studies encompassing data from major pedogenic horizons that evaluate both native concentrations of elements and anthropogenically contaminated soils. In this study, pedons (n = 486) were analyzed for trace (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) and major (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, Si, Ti, Zr) elements, as well as other soil properties. The objectives were to (i) determine the concentration range of selected elements in a variety of U.S. soils with and without known anthropogenic additions, (ii) illustrate the association of elemental source and content by assessing trace elemental content for several selected pedons, and (iii) evaluate relationships among and between elements and other soil properties. Trace element concentrations in the non-anthropogenic dataset (NAD) were in the order Mn > (Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu) > (Pb, Co) > (Cd, Hg), with greatest mean total concentrations for the Andisol order. Geometric means by horizon indicate that trace elements are concentrated in surface and/or B horizons over C horizons. Median values for trace elements are significantly higher in surface horizons of the anthropogenic dataset (AD) over the NAD. Total Al, Fe, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic C, pH, and clay exhibit significant correlations (0.56, 0.74, 0.50, 0.31, 0.16, and 0.30, respectively) with total trace element concentrations of all horizons of the NAD. Manganese shows the best inter-element correlation (0.33) with these associated total concentrations. Total Fe has one of the strongest relationships, explaining 55 and 30% of the variation in total trace element concentrations for all horizons in the NAD and AD, respectively.     

水资源短缺的有效解决途径——虚拟水战略

针对中国水资源利用现状，系统论述了水足迹、虚拟水以及虚拟水战略的概念和内涵。通过水足迹来揭示人类对水资源的实际需求和占用，介绍了虚拟水战略的研究展望及存在的不足，通过应用虚拟水战略可以缓解水资源短缺现状，保证水资源与人口、耕地的地域组合均衡。     

山西省饮用天然矿泉水有益元素分析

山西省地下热水及饮用天然矿泉水资源丰富,分布广泛。本文分析了山西省地下热水的物理与化学特征,同时对地下热水与饮用天然矿泉水中的有益元素及其来源进行了探讨