基于流程需求的施工企业安全管理信息化分析

大型施工企业下属二级企业和工程项目部多且地域分布广,施工投入大量的人员、设备物资并涉及多种施工工艺,企业本部掌握工程项目施工安全现状并实施有效监管,以及工程项目各级管理部门和人员规范落实安全工作流程,在信息采集和传递手段效率低下的条件下无法有效实现。"互联网+"在我国多行业已得到了广泛应用,在过程标准化管理、企业内部信息汇总分析、企业各业务部门信息共享方面能极大地提高效率。按照管理信息化的思维,分析施工安全管理业务流程对信息化的功能需求,构建了施工企业安全管理信息化模型,据此模型基层管理人员可标准化实施流程业务、自动真实生成工作记录资料,管理部门可及时动态掌握和监督基层安全管理工作开展现状,从而提高企业安全管理工作的高效性。     

生产事故隐患排查治理及预警管理信息系统研究

以"一企一标准、一岗一清单"的安全生产管理思路为中心,在深入研究企业安全生产管理中事故隐患排查治理及预警的主要功能需求和业务逻辑的基础上,构建以隐患排查治理为核心的生产事故隐患排查治理及预警信息系统的基本架构,并通过管理信息系统技术手段与安全系统工程理论的结合,在安全生产管理方法创新的基础上,进一步建立高效和优化的安全管理信息化解决方案,以规范生产企业安全行为,细化和明晰安全职责,强化安全预防意识。该系统以隐患作为管理对象,确保对隐患及时的排查和有效管控,可有效杜绝事故的发生。     

基于云服务的危化品安全管理模式研究

针对当前危化品事故频发的现状,梳理了国家的监管体制、机制,分析了行业安全管理存在的问题。针对企业安全管理和政府监管开展了业务提升研究,提出了企业标准化达标整体解决方案,通过建立危化品安全生产云服务平台,明确了政府监管功能和重点,提升监管效率。     

我国石油企业海外高风险地区项目的安全管理

在简要介绍我国石油企业近年来海外业务的发展状况、分析海外高风险地区石油企业所面临的风险特点和开发生产过程中存在的主要危险因素的基础上,提出了针对这类项目进行安全管理的策略和建立健康、安全、安保和环境保护(HSSE)管理体系的方法,并针对海外高风险地区的特点给出了有针对性的措施,同时指出石油企业在海外高风险地区进行安全管理所面临的问题与建议。该研究对促进我国石油企业海外项目的安全运营具有重要的意义。     

安全经济能力成熟度模型的构建及其应用研究

本文应用安全经济的理论与方法,结合安全经济活动过程的特点,构建了安全经济能力成熟度模型(SE-CMM),用来评估企业的安全经济能力,以帮助企业对关键活动进行管理和质量改进,从而为企业从单项管理功能扩散到综合性的管理功能提供了改进的路径。通过将构建的SE-CMM应用于某采油厂的实际,结果表明该模型可为企业实施安全生产活动的控制提供标准和质量控制点。     

论建立有效的企业安全信息结构

1　引言所谓安全信息结构是指企业在生产经营过程中各种类型安全信息及其功能以及企业安全信息沟通的基本方式的总和。安全信息和资本、劳动力、原材料、设备一样成为主要生产要素。2　企业安全信息基本类型一般来说 ,企业在运行过程中 ,安全信息的需求可以分为两大基本类型 :企业内安全信息需求和企业外安全信息需求。2 .1　企业内安全信息企业内安全信息系指企业内部产生的各种安全生产信息。这些安全信息包括 :( 1)生产信息 :主要是反映生产过程的信息 ,如生产计划、工序管理、工艺流程信息、库存信息、生产过程中的薄弱环节、产品质量等…     

基于ArcGIS Server与Flex的石化企业GIS应急管理平台

介绍了石化企业事故应急管理的现状,分析了当前应急系统所存在的不足.结合应急管理与地理信息相关的功能需求,探讨了石化企业应急管理在GIS平台中能够实现的主要功能,并基于ArcGIS Server和Flex开发了石化企业GIS应急管理系统,基本上实现了对厂区应急数据的信息查询、实时监管、事故应急救援和事故模拟等功能.     

炼化企业安全投入指标与安全效能的关系模型构建

针对目前炼化企业在进行安全投入时,由于缺少科学的、直观的、有效的理论支持,而存在安全投入不合理,投入效能无法评估的状况,提出了炼化企业安全投入指标体系以及安全效能量化的方法,应用灰色关联分析方法构建了炼化企业安全投入指标与安全效能的关系模型,并通过实例对该模型的应用、演算过程做了分析说明,验证了安全管理投入、安全设施投入与安全效能的关系,从而证明了该模型能够指导企业合理分配管理资源,最大限度地发挥安全投入的效能,降本增效,综合提升炼化企业安全管理水平。     

石化企业作业现场智能化管控系统设计与实现

概述了石化企业作业管控现状,分析了当前作业现场人工操作环节管控过程中存在的问题。结合企业作业现场智能化安全管理和监督监控的实际需要,设计了石化企业作业现场智能化管控系统,并深入研究作业现场安全作业管控的关键技术,系统实现了作业许可管理、智能巡检、质量管控、电子档案、应急指挥、地理信息和大屏幕监控显示等功能,具有一定的推广价值。     

石化企业HSE管理平台设计与实现

阐述了石化企业HSE管理平台的设计思想和主要功能,介绍了HSE平台的特点.该平台的建立和运行,将提高企业安全管理的效率,使之更加科学化、系统化、规范化、制度化.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Elevated CO2 changes the moderate shade tolerance of yellow birch seedlings

To demonstrate the existence of light thresholds in plant growth and to examine the effects of elevated CO2 on the shade tolerance of a tree species, an experiment consisting of a completely randomized design for a total of 96 yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) seedlings was conducted with 3 light levels (2.9%, 7.7%, 26.1% of full sunlight)×2 CO2 levels (350 and 700±10 ppm) with 4 replications in a phytotron. The study proved that thresholds exist and they vary in different plant organs. In ambient CO2, the thresholds were 13.3%, 18.7%, 15.0%, 15.2%, and 15.6% of full sunlight for stem, leaf, root, total plant biomass, and the averaged value, respectively. In 700 ppm CO2, the corresponding thresholds were 16.7%, 21.3%, 18.1%, 21.7% and 19.5% for stem, leaf, root, total plant biomass, and the averaged value, respectively. The lowest threshold in the stem is an indicator of the minimal light intensity for regular growth for seedlings of this species. Below this threshold, light-stressful growth occurs. The result of a paired t-test indicated that the thresholds in elevated CO2 were significantly higher than in ambient CO2. This suggests that yellow birch will lose its moderate shade tolerance, evolutionally becoming a shade-intolerant species, and that it may become more difficult to naturally regenerate in the future.     

基于EPMA的背角无齿蚌贝壳中元素分布的初步研究

应用电子显微探针元素分析技术,对背角无齿蚌（Anodonta woodiana）的贝壳（棱柱层和珍珠层）进行了19种元素（Ag、Al、Au、Ca、Co、Cu、Fe、Hf、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Re、Se、Sn、Sr、Tl、V、Zn）分布特征的初步研究.元素面分布分析和定量线分析结果均直观而明显地表明：贝壳中Ca含量最高,Hf、Re、Mn、Al、Co、Fe、Sr、Cu和Na的含量较低,而Au、Mg、Tl、Zn、Sn、Ag、V、Mo和Se的含量甚少.Mn在珍珠层的分布高于棱柱层,壳顶区域的珍珠层的含量（0.087±0.045）%显著高于棱柱层（0.030±0.025）%（P<0.05）,腹缘区域的珍珠层的含量（0.072±0.055）%亦显著高于棱柱层（0.044±0.025）%（P<0.05）,而其余元素在贝壳中均匀分布.     

青岛近海不同天气状况下大气气溶胶中金属元素浓度分布特征研究

为探究青岛近海不同天气下气溶胶中金属元素的浓度分布特征,于2012年4~5月,2012年8月~2013年3月在青岛近海采集了总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICPAES)分析了主要微量金属元素.结果表明,Al、Ca、Fe、Na、K和Mg是TSP中主要的金属元素,质量浓度占所测元素总浓度的94.2%.TSP及金属元素浓度月变化明显,Fe、Al、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Ba、Mn、Ti、Sr和Li均在11月和1月浓度最高,Be、Sc、Co、Ni和Cr在1月最高,Na在8、11和2月较高,12月最低,Pb在1月和2月最高,8月和12月最低.富集因子表明Be、Co、Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Sr和Ti主要受自然源影响,Li、Cr、Ni、Zn、Ba和Na除受自然源外,还受部分人为源影响,Pb主要来自人为源.不同天气状况对TSP及其金属元素浓度影响较大,除Ti外,所测元素浓度均在烟雾天最高.与晴天相比,烟雾天除Ti外,其余元素均升高,增幅为1~4倍,雾天Li、Be、Cr、Ni、Al、Fe、Mg和Mn变化不大,Pb和Na升高较多,Co、Ca和Ti降低较多,霾天Cr、Co和Ti降低,其余元素浓度升高,增幅为1~3倍.大部分元素在晴天富集因子最小,雾天富集因子最大.Ni、Zn、Ba、K、Na、Pb和Sr富集因子为晴<霾<烟雾<雾,Fe和Mn为晴<烟雾<霾<雾,Al和Mg为晴<雾<霾<烟雾,其余金属不同天气下富集因子的变化规律各不相同.     

Toxicity assessing for chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil with three different earthworm test methods

Earthworm toxicity tests are useful tools for terrestrial risk assessment but require a hierarchy of test designs that differ in effect levels (behavior, sublethal, lethal). In this study, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos contaminated soil on earthworms was assessed. In addition to the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was applied. Earthworms were exposed to sublethal and lethal concentration of chlorpyrifos, and evaluated for acute toxicity, growth, fecundity and avoidance response after a certain exposure period. The test methods covered all important ecological relevant endpoints (acute, chronic, behavioral). Concentration of 78.91 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos caused significant toxic effects in all test methods, but at lower test concentrations, only significant chronic toxic effects could be observed. In the present study, chlorpyrifos had adverse effect on growth and fecundity in earthworm exposed to 5 mg/kg chlorpyrifos after eight weeks. The avoidance response test, however, showed significant repellent effects concentration of 40 mg/kg chlorpyrifos. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far greater than growth and fecundity, it seemed likely that earthworms were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides.     

Environmental chemical study on the marsh of Fatimid cemetery at Aswan City,Egypt

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彭佳屿岛春季TSP中痕量金属组成及其来源解析

通过大气环流向海洋大气边界层传输的人为源和陆源物质,明显改变了海洋气溶胶中痕量金属的组成.但基于开阔海域岛屿连续观测研究海洋气溶胶中痕量金属元素组成及其来源的研究较少.2010年3—5月在我国台湾北部东海海域彭佳屿岛采集了60个TSP（总悬浮颗粒物）样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）分析了19种痕量金属（Al、Fe、Ti、Y、Mn、Ba、Sr、Co、Cr、V、Ni、Tl、Zn、Sn、Pb、As、Cd、Sb、Se）的质量浓度.基于TSP中Al浓度、气团后向轨迹分析和美国国家宇航局CALIPSO卫星星载激光雷达扫描图像,将采集的TSP分为非沙尘TSP（不受沙尘影响的TSP）和沙尘TSP（受沙尘影响的TSP）.沙尘TSP中所有痕量金属的浓度都高于非沙尘TSP,表明沙尘对彭佳屿岛TSP中痕量金属有贡献.结合富集因子、相关性分析和PMF模型研究结果表明,彭佳屿岛春季非沙尘TSP中Al、Fe、Ti和Y主要来源于地壳矿物,Mn、Ba、Sr、Co和Cr同时受地壳矿物和人为源的影响;沙尘TSP中Al、Fe、Ti、Y、Mn、Ba、Sr、Co和Cr主要来源于地壳矿物.V和Ni在彭佳屿岛春季非沙尘TSP中主要来源于燃料油燃烧,而在沙尘TSP中同时受燃料油燃烧和地壳矿物的影响.非沙尘TSP和沙尘TSP中,Tl、Zn、As、Sn、Pb、Cd、Sb和Se的来源相似.Tl主要源于交通和煤燃烧,Zn、Sn、Pb、Cd和Sb同时来源于交通、煤和燃料油燃烧,As主要来源于煤燃烧,Se则主要来源于煤和燃料油燃烧.研究显示,人为源释放到大气中的Tl、Zn、As、Sn、Pb、Cd、Sb和Se可以通过大气环流长距离传输至开阔海域.      

Distribution characteristics and indicator significance of Dechloranes in multi-matrices at Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic

In recent years, Dechloranes have been widely detected in the environment around the world. However, understanding and knowledge of Dechloranes in remote regions, such as the Arctic, remain lacking. Therefore, the concentrations of 5 Dechloranes in surface seawater, sediment, soil, moss, and dung collected from Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic were measured with the concentrations 93 pg/L, 342, 325, 1.4, and 258 pg/g, respectively, which were much lower than those in Asian and European regions. The mean ratios of anti-Dechlorane Plus (DP) to total DP (?_anti) in seawater, sediment, soil, moss, dung, and atmospheric samples were 0.36, 0.21, 0.18, 0.27, 0.66, and 0.43, respectively. Results suggested that the main source of DP in seawater, sediment, soil, and moss was long-range atmospheric transport. However, the ratio identified in dung was different, for which the migration behavior of the organism is probably the main source of DP.     

Distribution characteristics and indicator significance of Dechloranes in multi-matrices at Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic

In recent years, Dechloranes have beenwidely detected in the environment around the world. However, understanding and knowledge of Dechloranes in remote regions, such as the Arctic, remain lacking. Therefore, the concentrations of 5 Dechloranes in surface seawater, sediment, soil, moss, and dung collected from Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic were measured with the concentrations 93 pg/L, 342, 325, 1.4, and 258 pg/g, respectively, which were much lower than those in Asian and European regions. The mean ratios of anti-Dechlorane Plus (DP) to total DP (f_anti) in seawater, sediment, soil, moss, dung, and atmospheric samples were 0.36, 0.21, 0.18, 0.27, 0.66, and 0.43, respectively. Results suggested that the main source of DP in seawater, sediment, soil, andmosswas long-range atmospheric transport. However, the ratio identified in dung was different, for which the migration behavior of the organism is probably themain source of DP.