浙江省近岸海域一次特大面积赤潮的剖析

通过对发生在浙江省近岸海域一次特大面积赤潮的剖析，阐述了赤潮造成的危害，探索了赤潮爆发的原因，最后还对如何防落赤潮提出了对策措施。     

我国赤潮的预测与控制研究现状

近年来,我国沿海地区赤潮越来越频繁,对水域环境、海水养殖业和人体健康等造成了很大的威胁。本文结合我国现阶段赤潮的研究现状,在分析赤潮的危害和发生条件的基础上,提出了赤潮的预测方法及相应的防治对策。     

中国沿海海平面为近10年最高

2009年1月16日,国家海洋局发布了2008年中国海洋环境公报。该公报由《2008年中国海洋环境质量公报》、《2008年中国海洋灾害公报》、《2008年中国海平面公报》构成,对中国2008年的海洋环境情况作出了详细说明。     

烟台市赤潮多发海域主要环境因子的变化趋势

利用2002-2007年5～10月烟台市四十里湾赤潮多发海域的实际监测数据,采用spearman秩相关系数法对海域主要环境因子的变化趋势及与海域赤潮发生的关系进行了分析.分析结果表明,2002-2007年海域水质透明度、盐度、无机氮呈下降趋势,表层水温、磷酸盐、表层DO、pH、叶绿素a及COD呈上升趋势;发生赤潮年份表层水温较高,透明度较低,盐度较低,无机氮与磷酸盐比值(DIN/DIP)发生变化,海水pH偏高,COD升高;赤潮前期DO较高,赤潮间DO降低;叶绿素a与赤潮呈明显的正相关.     

孔石莼的6种溶剂提取物对3种赤潮微藻生长的影响

通过测定藻细胞密度,观察藻细胞形态,分析藻细胞内叶绿素、蛋白质和多糖等生理指标含量的变化,研究了孔石莼的6种溶剂(石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲醇和蒸馏水)提取物对米氏凯伦藻、中肋骨条藻和塔玛亚历山大藻生长的影响.结果表明,6种溶剂提取物中,甲醇提取物对3种赤潮微藻的抑制作用最为明显.当甲醇提取物为15 mg/L,培养进行到第12天时,其对米氏凯伦藻、中肋骨条藻和塔玛亚历山大藻的抑制率分别为76.67％、65.65％、56.52％.从对藻细胞形态的影响看,除蒸馏水提取物外,其余5种有机溶剂提取物均使赤潮微藻细胞出现不同程度的空洞、破碎和细胞色素减褪现象.甲醇提取物可明显降低3种赤潮微藻细胞内叶绿素、蛋白质和多糖的含量,乙酸乙酯和丙酮提取物对3种生理指标的含量也有一定影响.     

赤泥复合剂絮凝处理太湖水华藻与海洋赤潮藻

研究了一种新型赤泥复合剂对太湖夏季水华原水、实验室培养海洋赤潮藻及模拟海水的絮凝除藻降浊性能。结果表明,赤泥复合剂具有良好的除藻降浊效果,对太湖水华藻去除率为97.3%,原水浊度去除率为95%;对海洋小球藻和三角褐指藻2种赤潮藻去除率分别高达99.1%和98.9%;对2种模拟海水的最高除浊率分别为96.3%和95.3%,其剩余浊度均低于4 NTU,从而为治理淡水水华与海洋赤潮提供一种新技术,同时为赤泥综合利用提供一种新途径。     

浙江苍南海域发生260km^2赤潮

近日,浙江苍南县大渔湾和沿浦湾海域发生了大面积赤潮现象,共涉及9个乡镇,面积达到260km^2。当地海洋渔业局的有关负责人说,往年发生赤潮现象多在6月,2008年由于天气原因,发生得比往年早。目前,当地已采取相应措施,尽量减少养殖户的损失。     

浙江近岸海域有害赤潮发生区麻痹性贝毒素研究

用小白鼠生物检测法和高效液相色谱法对采自浙江舟山海域和浙江中南部海域的麻痹性贝毒素进行了调查分析。结果表明,浙江舟山海域六横岛的西格织纹螺含有贝毒,其毒素为3,7Mu／g,舟山海域有毒贝类检出率为3．1％;浙江中南部海域南麂列岛的棒锥螺含有贝毒,其毒素〈1.7Mu／g,浙江中、南部海域有毒贝类检出率为9．1％。     

浙江省清洁生产现状及发展对策

叙述了清洁生产的背景、意义及浙江省实施清洁生产的情况。从组织落实、宣传培训、完善政策、建立市场运行机制和队伍建设等方面提出了促进浙江省清洁生产的对策。     

浙江省地方环境标准制定思考

地方环境标准是对国家环境标准的补充和完善。为加大污染控制力度,适应新形势下环境管理和执法要求,有效改善和保护环境质量,针对浙江省主要环境问题和现行国家环境标准的不足,结合产业发展方向和环境保护目标,制定浙江省地方环境标准十分必要。主要从浓度控制与排放总量控制相结合、敏感或特殊有毒有害污染物控制、行业污染控制和相关环境质量等方面提出了地方环境标准的制定思路。     

HPLC pigment analysis of marine phytoplankton during a red tide occurrence in Tolo Harbour,Hong Kong

A red tide was detected in the inner parts of Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, in November 2000. Water samples were collected from a fixed station at the centre of the red tide patch for microscopic analysis of phytoplankton community composition and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of phytoplankton pigments. At the peak of the red tide on 24 November 2000, phytoplankton was dominated by the dinoflagellate Scrippsiella trochoidea. The red tide began to decline at the end of November and, by 1 December 2000, the phytoplankton was dominated by diatoms. Chlorophylls and carotenoids in water samples were analysed using HPLC pigment separation technique. Dinoflagellates were indicated by the signature pigment peridinin. Significant correlation (r=0.999) was found between the peridinin concentration and dinoflagellate density. A decrease in peridinin and an increase in fucoxanthin, a major carotenoid in diatoms, marked the shift in phytoplankton composition at the end of the red tide. HPLC analysis also revealed the occurrence of minor phytoplankton groups that are difficult to identify by light microscopy. Red tide monitoring and study of red tide dynamics in Hong Kong have been based on cell counting and spectrophotometric or fluorometric measurement of chlorophyll a. HPLC pigment analysis provides an effective alternative for investigating phytoplankton dynamics during red tide and other algal blooms.     

生态保护红线与保护地重叠特征及协同管控研究 ——以浙江省为例

开展生态保护红线与各类保护地重叠特征分析及政策法规梳理研究,对推进生态环境治理体系建设具有重要实践意义.以2018年浙江省生态保护红线划定成果为典型案例,采用定量与定性结合的分析方法,分析了生态保护红线与保护地重叠特征,归纳整理了国家及浙江省出台的政策法规文件,分类梳理了各部门监管职能分工.结果表明:(1)浙江省各类保...     

Measurements of particulate carbon in urban and marine air in Japanese areas

A measurement method for particulate carbon in the atmosphere was developed and applied to carbon measurement in urban and marine air. The amount of particulate carbon collected on quartz fiber filter was determined by sample combustion to produce CO₂, followed by catalytic conversion of CO₂ to methane, and flame ionization detection. Organic and elemental carbon were separated by oxidation at 300°C. The detection limit of this method was 1 μg carbon 10 cm^/t-2 of sample filter.The respective concentrations of atmospheric total and elemental carbons ranged from 1.2 to 3.1 μgC m^/t-3 and 0.6 to 1.4 μgC m^/t-3 at Hachijo-jima, and 0.8 to 2.5 μgC m^/t-3 and 0.4 to 1.3 μgC m⁻³ at Chichi-jima, respectively in winter. On the Pacific coast of Japan in winter, away from Tokyo Bay, the total and elemental carbon concentrations were horizontally uniform with mean values of about 3 and l μgC m^/t-3, respectively in particles with diameter less than 6 μm. In Sapporo they ranged from 4.4 to 14.5 μgC m^/t-3 and 2.3 to 8.0 μgC m^/t-3, respectively from January to December in 1982.In winter marine air, particulate elemental carbon comprised about 10% of total aerosol mass if sea-salt particles were excluded from the aerosol, and it was 9–23 % of total aerosol mass in Sapporo. The ratio of excess sulfate to elemental carbon could be a good indicator of the formation of sulfate in the atmosphere.     

Green method of stemming the tide of invasive marine and freshwater organisms by natural filtration of shipping ballast water

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Marine and freshwater pollution caused by transport of invasive species in shipping ballast water is a major global problem and will increase in...