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为明确泥水盾构废弃泥浆固液分离性能,提高泥浆固液分离效率,采用化学絮凝的方法对建筑废弃泥浆快速泥水分离性能进行了试验研究,开展了不同种类聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作用下废弃泥浆絮凝沉降试验、颗粒级配试验及浊度试验研究,考察了药剂种类(APAM、NPAM、CPAM)、分子量及用量对废弃泥浆絮凝沉降特性的影响规律。试验结果表明:APAM和NPAM对废弃泥浆固液分离效果显著,CPAM对废弃泥浆并无明显絮凝作用;对于APAM而言,当其分子量分别为1200万,1600万和1800万时,废浆絮凝效果最佳时的添加量分别为0.35g/L、0.3g/L和0.25g/L;对于NPAM而言,当其分子量分别为1200万,1600万和1800万时,废浆絮凝效果最佳时的添加量分别为0.3g/L、0.3g/L和0.25g/L,且在最佳添加量的情况下,底泥体积、底泥含水率和上清液浊最小,泥浆粒径参数D50最大;APAM与废弃泥浆颗粒之间的作用方式主要是“吸附架桥连接”,NPAM与废弃泥浆颗粒之间的作用方式主要是“电性中和”与“吸附架桥连接”。 相似文献
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板框压滤技术广泛应用于废弃水基钻井液无害化处理领域,大港油田通过工业应用和实践,形成了废弃水基钻井液“破胶脱稳-压滤固液分离”处理工艺,但存在工艺操作复杂、药剂普适性差、成本高和滤布更换频繁等问题。文章针对上述问题进行研究分析,结合工艺现场应用情况,提出了优化方案,对处理工艺流程、药剂及压滤材料等进行了优化和升级。应用效果表明,与优化前相比,泥饼含水率降至40%以下,药剂成本同比降低50%以上,且降低了劳动强度。 相似文献
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国外钻井废泥浆处理水平调查 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
钻井废泥浆的处理方法和水平与泥浆的性质、组成、环境的管理法规和标准,以及油田的地理、地质、水文、气候、生产管理、经济等条件密切相关。目前废泥浆的处理方法主要有填埋、土地耕作、固化、注入安全地层和环形空间以及闭合回路系统等方法,闭合回路系统可以做到无液体排放。废泥浆处理装置有可移动组合型的,也有与钻井装置配套的。文中对上述方法的适用条件、实施方法、达到的水平、优缺点、成本、以及废泥浆处理中难于满足环境要求的共性问题,如可溶性盐油脂类的解决途径都作了介绍。 相似文献
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固液分离法处理废钻井液的实验研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
废钻井液对环境的污染是一个难以解决的问题。针对塔里木油田的地质情况,使用固液分离法对部分废钻井液样品进行了实验研究工作。固液分离法采用两次处理工艺流程。即先经一级初步絮凝处理和强化离心分离,使大部分固相去除,然后对脱出的废液进行第二级絮凝处理后即可达到排放要求。实验结果表明:固液分离法能够将废钻井液分离成固-液两相,其液相能够达到排放要求,固相残渣对环境污染程度大幅度降低甚至无污染;若将此处理法同其它方法相结合,如坑内密封法、固化法等相结合会得到更满意的环保效果。 相似文献
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胍胶压裂返排液具有高黏度、难固液分离的特征。强化该类废液的固液分离效果是开展深度处理的前提,去除废液中泥砂、岩屑、胍胶残渣等颗粒物,可确保处理后水水质达到再利用要求。通过室内试验得出影响该类废液固液分离效率的主要因素,包括废液黏度、颗粒物密度、粒径及混凝效果,并就延时混凝技术强化固液分离效果进行了试验研究。采用延时混凝形成的絮体粒径较常规絮凝物增加0.7~1.8 mm,絮凝物沉淀速率由常规的18 mm/s增加至25 mm/s,该试验研究为胍胶压裂返排液处理设备优化设计提供了技术依据。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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燃煤二氧化硫控制技术应用概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由燃煤引起的二氧化硫污染已成为大气环境中最主要的污染因子。为解决这个问题,我国结合国外的技术成果,进行了各种脱硫技术的研究。介绍了各种治理技术应用情况,并结合实际经验对其中应注意的问题给予评述。 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献