共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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应用地球化学工程学修复水、气、土壤污染的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文简要介绍了地球化学工程学的基本概念、主要环境技术及尺度,综述了地球化学工程学在水、大气、土壤污染修复中的研究进展。 相似文献
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环境生物技术的研究现状及发展前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
环境生物技术(Environmental Biotechnology)简称EBT,是近20年来才定义的新型边缘学科。环境生物技术主要由生物技术、工程学、环境学和生态学组成。一般认为生物工程即生物技术,是指综合应用生物学、化学和工程学等手段,直接或间接地利用生物体本身,生物体某些组分或某些特殊机能,生产有用物质的一门综合性科学体系。它的产生和发展涉及多种学科,既反映了基础科学研究的最新成果,也体现了工程科学开拓出来的新技术和新工艺。 相似文献
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本文详细介绍了铁在表生地球化学环境中的存在状态,亚铁的氧化动力学,铁微生物地球化学及铁在表生带迁移转化的环境学意义,强调了铁环境地球化学研究的重要性 相似文献
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本文概略论述了20多年来我国环境化学的研究状况,就环境污染分析化学、环境污染化学、环境污染控制化学今后的研究趋势和重点研究方向提出了自己的看法。 相似文献
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本文系作者对中国环境问题十几年研究成果的总结。作者重点阐述了全球环境问题、地球变暖与中国的现状、酸雨与中国的现状、臭氧层破坏与中国现状、野生生物种的灭绝与中国现状等。 相似文献
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从地球化学的观点看,镉属亲硫元素。镉在工业上有广泛而重要的用途,但在环境中是一种有害于人体健康的微量元素。本文拟结合我们几年来工作中的部分内容,对环境中镉的由来、分布、迁移等地球化学特征及其净化机制进行研讨。 相似文献
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环境工程地质学是一门新兴的边缘学科,发展历史较短,理论体系尚不够成熟。本文分析了环境工程地质学产生的动因与研究现状,探讨了环境工程地质学的科学性质与学科发展。 相似文献
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L. Trotignon M. -H. Faur A. Stietel C. Riglet-Martial M. Sardin P. Vitorge F. Lefvre 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》1997,26(1-4)
This work presents an intercomparison exercise between two geochemical migration codes, TRIO-EF (an object-oriented finite element code) and IMPACT (a chemical engineering code using mixing cells in series). The predictions of the two codes are compared with the reference experimental results obtained in a previous study of strontium transport in soil columns. This simulated geochemical system is well documented and includes ion exchange and dissolution-precipitation reactions. The solution transport is simulated by a one-dimensional advection-dispersion model. The predictions of TRIO-EF and IMPACT are both in good agreement with the experimental results. However, slight differences can be observed between the two codes, especially when concentration discontinuities are involved, such as precipitation fronts or changes in boundary conditions. These discrepancies between the two codes can mainly be attributed to the different discretisation approaches. 相似文献
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目前分子生物技术发展日新月异,已渗透到各相关学科。本文综述了分子生物技术的基本原理与方法,及其在环境工程微生物领域的应用。讨论了分子生物技术在环境工程微生物的检测应用及在污泥、生物膜、底泥和土壤等微生物种群的多样性分析方面,以及环境工程菌的挑选和培养等方面的研究成果及其巨大研究前景,对该技术在环境工程领域的应用与发展提出了一些见解。 相似文献
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农业废弃物的资源化利用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国的农业资源浪费和破坏现象十分严重,解决这一问题的根本途径是开展农业废弃物的资源化利用,它是农业可持续发展的重要方面。本文在分析了农业废弃物资源化利用的理论基础后,讨论了农业废弃物的主要资源化利用途径和支持与保障体系。 相似文献
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Present state and future directions of modeling of geochemistry in hydrogeological systems 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A first step towards understanding and controlling the fate and dissemination of radioactive waste is to create a concise and comprehensive theoretical framework for the rather non-linear processes involved--hence, the need for geochemical models. Two classes of geochemical models are commonly used, i.e., static and hydrodynamic models. In contrast to static models, hydrodynamic models combine geochemical reactions with hydrogeological processes such as ground-water flow, diffusion and dispersion. In this review, we examine the present state of geochemical models in terms of included processes, thermodynamic databases, missing phenomena, numerical behavior and performance. It is shown that over the past decade, significant progress has been made with respect to modeling of geochemistry in hydrodynamic systems: this is illustrated by describing several applications. Finally, we focus on the perspectives of geochemical modeling in the assessment of the safety of nuclear waste disposal. 相似文献
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Dissolved oxygen (DO) left in the voids of buffer and backfill materials of a deep geological high level radioactive waste (HLW) repository could cause canister corrosion. Available data from laboratory and in situ experiments indicate that microbes play a substantial role in controlling redox conditions near a HLW repository. This paper presents the application of a coupled hydro-bio-geochemical model to evaluate geochemical and microbial consumption of DO in bentonite porewater after backfilling of a HLW repository designed according to the Swedish reference concept. In addition to geochemical reactions, the model accounts for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) respiration and methane oxidation. Parameters for microbial processes were derived from calibration of the REX in situ experiment carried out at the Asp? underground laboratory. The role of geochemical and microbial processes in consuming DO is evaluated for several scenarios. Numerical results show that both geochemical and microbial processes are relevant for DO consumption. However, the time needed to consume the DO trapped in the bentonite buffer decreases dramatically from several hundreds of years when only geochemical processes are considered to a few weeks when both geochemical reactions and microbially-mediated DOC respiration and methane oxidation are taken into account simultaneously. 相似文献