泥石流频发流域物源区坡面植被群落特征

为了解泥石流频发流域物源区坡面的植被特征和物种多样性,以蒋家沟流域沟谷南坡、北坡坡面为研究对象,对不同坡位植被群落的结构特征和数量组成进行样方调查,统计分析不同坡位群落的物种组成、重要值、物种多样性、地上地下生物量,并将地上地下生物量与多样性指数进行相关性分析.调查样地共发现植物49种,其中北坡33种、南坡23种,以草本植物为主,各坡位物种组成、重要值之间存在显著差异,主要受到演替初期先锋性草本植物的影响;扭黄茅、拟金茅、荩草、田菁的重要值相对较大,它们对泥石流频发流域物源区有较强的适应能力,为该地区的常见物种,可作为后期生态修复中的主要配置物种.不同坡位的群落特征和物种多样性存在差异,沟谷南坡ShannonWiener多样性指数表现为稳定区(2.311)失稳区(2.161)堆积区(2.036),北坡则表现为堆积区(2.626)稳定区(1.338)失稳区(1.057).生物量表现为稳定区失稳区堆积区,总体则为北坡高于南坡.基于以上结果,认为在泥石流频发流域物源区坡面植被自然恢复过程中,应加强对坡面失稳区的防治与保护,对堆积区进行合理整治,后期可通过人工引种乡土乔灌植物丰富物种组成,促进植被恢复和植物群落垂直结构的发展.     

大兴安岭中段五岔沟地区蝶类多样性及区系分析

为了解大兴安岭中段地区蝶类群落结构及地理区系特点,2019年7—8月在五岔沟地区选取山地草甸、山地落叶阔叶林、沼泽草甸、农田和山地针叶林5种生境对蝴蝶多样性进行调查。结果表明,共观测记录蝴蝶5科44属65种856只,蛱蝶科为优势类群,灰蝶科、粉蝶科为常见类群,弄蝶科、凤蝶科为罕见类群。突角小粉蝶(Leptidea amurensis)、阿芬眼蝶(Aphantopus hyperantus)、绿豹蛱蝶(Argynnis paphia)、灿福蛱蝶(Fabriciana adippe)和蛇眼蝶(Minois dryas)为研究区优势种。不同生境蝶类多样性分析结果表明,山地草甸生境多样性指数(3.115 2)和均匀度指数(0.898 8)最高,山地落叶阔叶林生境丰富度指数(6.838 6)最高,农田生境优势度指数(0.089 2)最高。5种生境相似性分析结果表明,不同生境之间物种相似性系数均在0.25～0.50之间,为中等不相似。区系分析结果表明研究区蝶类以古北-东洋界共有种为主(46种),占总数的70.77%。在中国地理区系中,蒙新区分布有65种(100%),其次为东北区,分布有62种(95.38%)。在内蒙古地理区系中,大兴安岭山地亚区分布有65种(100%),其次为内蒙古高原亚区,分布有57种(87.69%)。     

伏牛山阻隔作用下水热因子、土地覆被与NPP的时空特征

作为秦岭山脉的东延余脉,伏牛山山地效应研究意义重大。文章基于ArcGIS9.3空间分析功能,对伏牛山南北两侧的水热因子、土地覆被和净初级生产力时空格局变化进行了对比分析,结果表明：北坡极端低温和均温明显低于南坡（-2.88℃和-1.7℃）、极端高温明显高于南坡（+1.35℃）,而年降水量北坡则比南坡低14.41%;伏牛山北坡部分常绿针叶林转换为落叶阔叶林,2001—2004年间的落叶阔叶林面积比重分别为：52.4%、55.2%、63.0%和70.9%;2001—2004年间的净初级生产力有增大趋势,尤其是东部区域。研究结论丰富了秦岭-伏牛山作为主要气候区和生态区分界线的理论依据,同时也丰富了山地生态学理论。     

The diversity and floristic characteristics of mosses in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve北大核心CSCD

苔藓是生态系统的重要组分和自然保护区的重点保护对象之一,在物种资源和生态系统功能维护中具有重要作用.通过野外标本采集和室内鉴定,对九寨沟国家级自然保护区的藓类植物的物种组成和分布特点进行研究.结果表明:(1)九寨沟共有藓类植物38科90属211种(含变种),其中优势科为青藓科(Brachytheciaceae)、丛藓科(Pottiaceae)、灰藓科(Hypnaceae)、金灰藓科(Pylaisiaceae)、提灯藓科(Mniaceae)、真藓科(Bryaceae)和羽藓科(Thuidiaceae);并且调查发现两种濒危级别的珍稀藓种.(2)九寨沟藓类植物的区系地理成分可划分为10个,优势成分为东亚分布,占34.2%,其次为北温带分布,占30.9%.(3)通过与西南地区5个自然保护区藓类植物的相似系数和区系谱主成分分析发现,九寨沟藓类植物种类与贡嘎山的共有种最多,达到94种,在区系成分上也与贡嘎山和王朗相近.本研究表明九寨沟高原喀斯特生境藓类植物物种资源丰富,虽然区系地理成分具有多样和复杂性,但主要还是以东亚分布和温带分布为主,在物种相似度和区系成分上与贡嘎山和王朗的藓类植物一致性更高.(图3表6参47)     

早春逆温条件下茶园近地温度时空分布特征

为防止早春晚霜对茶叶的危害,首先要探明逆温条件下茶园近地气温和地温的时空分布特征.对平地、北坡和南坡等不同地形上茶树冠层温度水平分布、地温日变化以及近地7 m高度范围内气温垂直分布规律的研究结果表明,初春晴朗天气条件下,茶园昼夜温差很大,均在10℃以上,最高达20℃,且晴朗少风条件下夜晚容易出现逆温现象,从而形成霜冻.21:00-06:00时段内逆温程度较强,05:00-06:00达到最强.逆温效应随高度变化,且在4 m高处达到最大;北坡受逆温影响最大,极易遭受霜害.地温变化平缓,傍晚达到一天中的最大值,且平地始终高于北坡.     

山西南部山地蝴蝶多样性与生态位差异比较研究

为了解山西南部地区的蝴蝶物种分布与生境之间的关系,分析蝴蝶对生态环境的指示作用,采取分层随机抽样,应用样线法对落叶阔叶林、旱田、常绿针叶林、灌丛和果园这5种不同生境的蝴蝶物种及数量进行观测和统计分析。调查期间共采集蝴蝶4 242只,隶属1总科5科65属共101种。采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数和Margalef丰富度指数对研究区的蝴蝶群落多样性进行分析,并计算蝴蝶的空间生态位宽度与生态位重叠指数。结果表明:各科蝴蝶的多样性指数从大到小依次为蛱蝶科(3.174)灰蝶科(1.924)粉蝶科(1.630)弄蝶科(1.420)凤蝶科(1.146);不同生境蝴蝶的多样性指数从大到小依次为灌丛(7.915)落叶阔叶林(7.645)常绿针叶林(7.622)果园(6.904)旱田(5.684)。不同生境的蝴蝶物种多样性差别明显。各科蝴蝶的空间生态位宽度差别不大,都在0.6以上;各科蝴蝶的空间生态位重叠指数都在0.9以上,说明山西南部山地的各科蝴蝶所占用的空间资源无明显差别。     

大金山岛土壤有机质与全氮的空间分布及其相关性

为探究大金山岛土壤有机质和全氮的季度性变化、空间变化特征及其相关性,分4个季节共采集146个土壤样品.结果显示,大金山岛土壤有机质较为丰富,含氮量较高,其全年均值分别高达9.04%、4.52 g·kg-1,与2002年所测数据相比较,有机质含量(9.01%)几乎未变,全氮含量(6.89 g·kg-1)有所降低;变异系数在33.9%～49.7%之间,属于中等变异程度;季度性差异较为明显,夏季低,冬、春两季高;北坡(阴面)>南坡(阳面).大金山岛土壤中有机质和全氮的分布呈现偏正态分布;有机质与全氮之间呈显著的正相关(0.01水平),Pearson系数为0.778.C/N的比值接近25,有机质含量和全氮含量均富足.     

2000—2007年珠峰自然保护区植被时空变化与驱动因子

采用遥感与GIS相结合的方法研究了珠峰自然保护区2000—2007年之间的植被时空变化过程和驱动机制问题。通过一元线性回归斜率计算获取了基于EVI数据的珠峰自然保护区植被变化趋势,以及表现2000—2007年植被变化的矢量图层。利用GIS时间动画技术,建立了7个时间点内不同间隔的植被时空演化过程快照,并结合ArcEngine构建了植被变化监测的时序分析流程,提取和分析了植被变化过程的时空特征。依据年平均温和年降水量观测记录进行了植被变化的气候因子分析,依据道路、河流缓冲区的居民点密度与植被退化面积比例的相关性,分析了人类活动影响,并讨论了不同植被退化区域在多重因素作用下的变化驱动因子。拟合了主要社会经济发展指标与植被变化的相关性,从统计数据方面讨论了珠峰自然保护区社会经济发展对植被变化的影响作用。结果表明：珠峰自然保护区植被变化的总体趋势以稳定为主,但植被退化趋势超过了变好趋势。同时,核心区植被变好趋势明显,实验区植被退化趋势严重。保护区南坡植被受气候变化干扰小,保持了大部分变好趋势;北坡由于降水减少造成湿地植被退化,对草地的长势带来消极作用。人类活动与植被状态变化有密切关系,在沟谷地带的破坏作用明显。并且,植被退化趋势与农业耕地面积扩大以及放牧影响关联紧密,而牲畜饲养与林业发展都未对保护区植被变化造成明显影响。     

气候变化下西南亚高山森林景观恢复效果模拟预测——以岷江杂谷脑河上游流域为例

开展气候变化下森林恢复措施对西南亚高山森林景观的恢复效果评价,对于该地区未来森林生态恢复技术研发具有重要参考意义.以岷江杂谷脑河上游流域为研究对象,基于森林景观模型LANDIS PRO 7.0模拟、预测气候变化下不同森林恢复措施(自然和人工)对流域森林景观演替过程及森林景观的影响并对比分析两种恢复情景的森林结构和组成恢复效果的差异.结果表明:模型模拟结果具有较高的可靠性,模型的初始化物种信息与野外调查数据相吻合.根据模型预测结果(2010-2060年),人工恢复情景下冷杉的平均林分林木胸高断面积在模拟的前期和中期低于自然恢复情景,在后期则高于自然恢复;云杉和华山松的平均林分林木胸高断面积在模拟的前期低于自然恢复情景,在中、后期则高于自然恢复;桦木、高山栎和落叶松的平均林分林木胸高断面积在整个模拟期均低于自然恢复情景.从空间尺度分析,人工恢复情景与自然恢复情景相比,冷杉林在干旱河谷、北坡和高山区的占比分别增加3.66%、1.60%、0.50%,而在南坡的占比有所减少;云杉林在干旱河谷区、南坡地区的占比分别增加0.72%、1.23%,而在北坡和高山区的占比略有减少;桦木和落叶松在不同的立地类型上占比降低.在自然恢复下,受气候变暖的影响,杂谷脑河上游流域森林优势物种(冷杉)的胸高断面积在模拟后期呈现逐渐下降的趋势,而人工恢复措施的实施能够促进区域优势树种(云、冷杉)的优势扩大.由此可见,在气候变暖的背景下对杂谷脑河上游流域森林施以适宜的人工恢复措施,能够有效地促进森林向顶级群落演替,提高杂谷脑河流域森林生态弹性,更好地应对未来的气候变化.(图6表5参33)     

黄河源区植被生长季NDVI时空特征及其对气候变化的响应

利用黄河源区MODIS/NDVI数据、1∶100万植被类型图和气象资料,分析了该区不同植被类型生长季NDVI时空特征以及与气候因子的关系。结果表明,1）2000—2011年,黄河源区植被生长呈改善趋势,生长季NDVI年际变化率每10 a为＋2.75%,高寒草原、高寒草甸、高寒灌丛生长季NDVI年际变化率分别为每10 a＋2.84%、＋2.65%、＋2.77%。2）黄河源区植被改善面积占全区总面积的29.39%,主要分布在卡日曲和玛曲上游、扎曲流域、布青山南麓、扎陵湖北部和鄂陵湖周边地区。植被退化面积仅占全区总面积的0.98%,主要分布在约古宗列曲东南部山地和卡日曲北部山地。受水热条件控制,植被改善表现为：①植被改善面积南坡大于北坡;②植被改善面积随海拔升高先增加后减小;③植被改善面积随坡度增加迅速减小。3）黄河源区植被生长季NDVI与同期气温和降水分别存在显著正相关性,其中高寒草原和高寒草甸生长受降水影响更为明显,而高寒灌丛生长受气温影响更为明显。气候的暖湿化趋势可能是促使黄河源区植被生长改善的主要原因。     

福建北部海域浙闽沿岸流消亡期浮游植物的种类组成与分布特征

根据2009年4月在福建北部海域(24°47’17.0"~26°48’02.9"N,119°29’36.0"~120°57’13.8"E)所获浮游植物网采样品和同步观测的理化参数,并结合2007年"908专项"春季航次相应范围的调查资料,分析该海域浮游植物种类组成、分布特点、年际变化及其与环境因子的关系.本航次共记录浮游植物3个门类85种,其中硅藻75种、甲藻9种、蓝藻1种.物种组成以广温种为主(占47.06%),其次为暖水种(占36.47%),温带种仅占7.06%.调查区浮游植物丰度平均为137.89×104cells m-3,其平面分布呈现从近岸往外海、从北往南递增的态势.聚类分析显示本海区浮游植物可划分为2个群落,群落Ⅰ主要由近岸低盐种组成,仅分布于受浙闽沿岸流影响较直接的闽江口以北的近岸测站;群落Ⅱ主要为外海高盐种和广温广盐种,广泛分布于受台湾暖流影响较大的闽江口以南及三沙湾外侧水域.主成分分析(PCA)表明,对本海区浮游植物的分布起主导作用的是温度和盐度,而与营养盐的关系不密切,反映调查期间浙闽沿岸流已基本退出本海区,浮游植物的分布主要受制于台湾暖流.浮游植物丰度的平面分布格局与以往的调查结果基本一致,但其群落结构存在年际变化,"908专项"春季航次的优势种为近岸低盐种和广温广盐种,优势种突出,多样性指数低;而本次调查外海性广温种成为优势种之一,多样性指数(H’)和均匀度(J’)均较高,这可能与考察期间受东北季风强度所左右的浙闽沿岸流强弱有关.     

广东汕头海岸湿地鸟类群落及其多样性

对广东汕头海岸湿地的鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录鸟类100种,隶属15目31科,其中古北界鸟类43种,东洋界鸟类45种,广布种鸟类12种.区系组成呈南北鸟类混杂分布,鸟类的多样性表现出明显的季节性.该湿地有国家二级重点保护鸟类10种,中日候鸟保护协定名录中的鸟类43种.对5个湿地样区的主要鸟类种类和数量进行了调查,结果反映汕头海岸湿地是水鸟类重要的越冬栖息场,鸟类群落多样性指数以三屿围和六合围两个样区较高,分别为3.2306和3.2283,濠江口的多样性指数较低,为1.981.群落多样性指数的高低主要受物种数量和各物种数量均匀度的影响.本文还提出了对鸟类资源保护和管理的建议.表3参9     

The megabenthic fauna in the deep sea south of New England,USA

Data from 105 benthic trawls made in an area south of New England, USA between 40 and 5000 m show the fauna to be zoned with depth, areas of rapid faunal change separating regions of relative faunal homogeneity. Distinct faunal assemblages with characteristic catch rates, diversity, and dominant species are found on the shelf (40 to 264 m), upper continental slope (283 to 650 m), middle continental slope (653 to 1290 m), lower continental slope (1380 to 1947 m), the transitional region from slope to rise (2116 to 2481 m), the upper continental (2504 to 3113 m), the middle continental rise (3244 to 3470 m), and lower continental rise to abyssal plain (3879 to 4986 m). Catch rates and diversity are greatest on the lower continental slope and transition to the upper rise, and are lowest at the greatest depths. Dominance, particularly by echinoderms, is an important aspect of community structure. The 3 major taxa represented (decapod crustaccean, echinoderms, and fishes) do not always display the same patterns within and between assemblages. Generalities derived from study of a single group need not apply to all segments of the deep-ocean community. Overall patterns in the megafauna are similar to those described in other groups and areas, but species assemblages are not the same everywhere and perhaps too much has been made of the horizontal extent of zones. Trophic level is related to degree of zonation, but where predators are generalists their ranges may be wide rather than restricted. Diversity patterns can be understood in terms of the interrelationships of predation, competition, environmental heterogeneity, and trophic level. Faunal zones are of importance as the geographical units within which evolution, community development, and diversification take place.This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE76-21878, the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C0262, and, in part, by the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. EY-76-C-02-0016 and the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Cancil under Grant A-7230     

Characterizing the vegetation community in the provenance slope with high-frequency debris flow北大核心CSCD

In order to explore the characteristics and species diversity of the vegetation growing in the provenance slope with high-frequency debris flow, we selected the slopes on the north and south sides of the valley in the Jiangjiagou watershed as the research object. The structural characteristics and quantitative compositions of the communities of vegetation growing on different positions of the slopes were investigated. The species composition, important value, species diversity, and ground and underground biomass of the different communities on the slope were statistically analyzed, and the correlations of the ground and underground biomass with the diversity were determined. The results showed that: of the total 49 species found, the herbs were the dominant flora, of which 33 were found on the northern slope and 23 were found on the southern slope. There were significant differences in the species composition and composition of the important values along the different positions on the slope, being mainly affected by the pioneer herbaceous plants. We found that Heteropogon contortus, Eulaliopsis binata, Arthraxon hispidus, and Sesbania cannabina were highly adaptable to debris flow. These four species are common to the area and can be used as the main configuration species for future ecological restoration. There were differences in the community characteristics and species diversity at different positions on the slope. For the southern slope of the valley, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was in the order: stable zone (2.311) > instable zone (2.161) > deposit zone (2.036), and in the order: deposit zone (2.626) > stable zone (1.338) > instable zone (1.057) for the northern slope. There were significant differences in the biomass, being in the order: stable zone > instable zone > deposit zone, with higher values in the northern slope than in the southern slope. Based on the aforementioned results, we suggest that the restoration of vegetation in the area of the provenance slope having high-frequency debris flow should focus on the prevention and protection of the instable zone of the slope by natural processes of recovery. The deposit zone needs rational remediation measures. We should introduce local shrub and arbor to increase the species composition and promote the development of plant communities with vertical structures. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

海南岛吊罗山植物群落特征和物种多样性分析

根据吊罗山自然保护区不同海拔6个植物群落的样方资料,分析了吊罗山植物群落结构特征和物种多样性,同时比较了吊罗山植物群落与邻近地区植物群落的组成特征。研究结果表明吊罗山低地雨林乔木层以蝴蝶树、青梅、高山榕、粘木、长脐红豆、海南柿、肉实树和海南木莲为主,灌木层以白颜树、白茶、柏拉木和九节为主;山地雨林以陆均松、鸡毛松、黄叶树、阿丁枫、扫把青冈和海南杨桐为优势种;山顶常绿矮林则以山地常绿阔叶林陆均松、琼崖柯、岭南青冈和油丹等种类的矮化为特征。植物群落Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数分析表明,吊罗山植物群落物种多样性在空间的变化基本上表现为随海拔梯度增加而降低,次生林物种多样性最低,山地雨林和山顶矮林物种均匀度指数最高,群落优势种明显。     

喀斯特山地青冈栎群落优势种的种间关系分析

采用2×2列联表的χ2检验和Spearman秩相关系数分析了喀斯特山地青冈栎（Cyclobalanopsis glauca）群落22个优势种的种间联结性和相关性。结果表明,在所组成的231个种对中,χ2检验中有100个种对为正联结,110个种对为负联结;Spearman秩相关系数检验有114个种对为正相关,117个种对为负相关,正、负联结或相关的种对数相近。正联结或正相关的种对主要体现了种间对生境具有相似的生态适应性和生物学特性,而负联结或负相关关系则主要由于对生境的不同偏好或相异的生物学特性所致。喀斯特山地高度的生境异质性促使优势种间的生态位相互分化,对生境的偏好趋异,负联结或负相关的种对趋于增加,因而喀斯特山地高度的生境异质性对植物种间关系的形成具有重要的影响。研究结果对于指导喀斯特地区进行人工植被恢复和重建具有一定的实践指导意义。     

Ecology of sandy beaches in Oman

The benthic macrofauna and physical features of 10 sandy beaches along the coast of Oman were surveyed quantitatively. This is a mesotidal regime mostly subject to low to moderate wave energy but more exposed in the south. Five northern beaches are tide-dominated, with low wave energy, and their profiles consist of a berm, a steep, swash-dominated upper shore and a broad tide-dominated terrace from mid-shore downwards. They are composed of moderately sorted fine to medium sands. Southern beaches experience greater wave energy, particularly during the summer southwest monsoon, and exhibit smoother, concave profiles with fine, fairly well sorted carbonate sand. 58 species and species groups were recorded, with crustanceans, polychaetes and molluscs dominant. In general species richness was high, at least 19–25 species per beach, but dry biomass moderate to low at 26–90g/m shoreline, with one high value of 450g/m. Total abundance was moderate at 3–73×10³ organisms/m of beach. Some zonation was evident with ocypodid crabs andTylos in the supralittoral, cirolanid isopods on the upper shore and a variety of species on the lower shore. The coast of Oman appears to constitute a single zoogeographic region, but with some regional differentiation between north and south due to varying physical conditions. Thus, OmanÕs beaches are characterized by tide-dominated morphodynamics and exceptionally high species richness.     

冀北山区森林群落草本多样性及其与地形关系研究

通过野外调查取样,应用Menhinick丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数研究了冀北山区12种典型森林群落内的草本植物多样性规律,并采用典范对应分析（CCA）方法研究其分布与地形的关系。结果表明：不同的群落类型草本植物的组成和多样性指数不同,山杨（Populus davidiana）纯林的种数最多为34种,黑桦（Betula dahurica Pall）纯林的种数最少为19种,其Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数最高,分别为0.927 3和2.879 6;在1 200～1 700 m之间,随海拔升高物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数呈正相关性,但没有线性上升的趋势关系;选取的地形因子对样点草本的影响程度大小为：坡向〉海拔〉坡度〉坡位〉坡形,坡向是样点草本植物空间差异的最主要地形制约因子,环境解释率为98.7%,证明排序可信。     

长江口南北支浮游动物群落生态学研究

长江口特殊的生态环境使得浮游动物的种类组成、密度和时空分布等生态特征有别于其它水体。2005年秋季（丰水期）和2006年春季（枯水期）对长江口南北支浮游动物进行了2个航次的调查,沿南北支由西向东设立3个采样断面共20个采样点。共采集到浮游动物227种,其中轮虫65种,原生动物107种,枝角类15种,桡足类40种。优势种包括龟甲轮虫（Keratella）、刺簇多肢轮虫（Polyarthra trigla）、萼花臂尾轮虫（Brachionus calyciflorus）、砂壳虫（Difflugia）、表壳虫（Arcella）、砂壳纤毛虫（Tintinnid）、中华哲水蚤（Calanus sinicus）、汤匙华哲水蚤（Sinocalanus dorrii）、广布中剑水蚤（Mesocyclops leuckarti）、象鼻溞（Bosmina）等。文章对南北两支浮游动物的种类组成和结构进行了比较,南支浮游动物的种类、数量及生物多样都高于北支,南北两支的浮游动物群落相似度很低。南北两支水域环境的不同造成其浮游动物群落结构的较大差异,文章分析了环境因子与浮游动物群落结构的相关性,其中水温是重要的影响因素,水温的季节性决定了浮游动物在时间分布上的变化。盐度对浮游动物群落结构的影响主要决定了其物种生态类型及空间分布。从整体上看,南北支主要受长江径流控制,浮游动物的种类组成以淡水种为主,咸水种在断面3出现较多。     

Comparison of zooplankton community of different areas in Changjiang River estuary北大核心CSCD

To compare the zooplankton communities in the South Branch, North Branch, North Channel and offshore of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary, two cruises were carried out in the autumn of 2009 and the spring of 2010. A total of 27 species of zooplankton were identified in the spring, including 17 in the offshore, 11 in the south branch, 9 in the north branch, and only 5 in the North Channel. In autumn, altogether 71 species were collected, including 6 in the south branch, 11 in the north branch, 8 species in the North Channel area and 63 in the offshore. Either in the spring or autumn, the average species numbers of the offshore were the highest. Additionally, species numbers of the offshore were significantly higher than that in other areas (P < 0.05) for both seasons. There were no significant differences between the species number of the South Branch and the North Branch (P > 0.05). The species number and diversity index of the inner area were lower than that of the offshore. The average diversity index of offshore area was still the highest in both spring (1.69) and autumn (3.73). In spring, the diversity index of the North Channel was the lowest among four areas, while in autumn, that of the South Branch was the lowest (0.49). In spring, Sinocalanus sinensis was the dominant species of the South Branch, North'Branch and North Channel (> 50% of the total collection by number). The dominant species of offshore area were Tortanus vermiculus and Labidocera euchaeta. While in autumn, the dominant species were different for each area. In the South Branch, the most important species was S. dorrii (93.55% of the total collection by number). The main species was S. dorrii in the South Branch area, S. stenellus and T. vermiculusin in the North Branch and Subeucalanus subcrassus in the offshore (< 30% of the total collection by number). Numbers of species and diversity index seemed to vary among different areas of Changjiang estuary. The underline mechanisms of the regional variation in species number were mainly the salinity and suspended sediment concentrations. Generally speaking, zooplankton was more abundant in the polyhaline water. Diversity index was largely affected by both species number and abundance percentage. The zooplankton community was mainly influenced by the Changjiang diluted water and offshore water mass through affecting the salinity. In autumn, the Kuroshio flowed northward carrying polyhaline water, and brought subtropical species to the offshore of the Changjiang estuary. Since the North Channel is located in the estuarine turbidity zone, suspended sediment concentration of that area is higher than the other areas, which might limit the distribution of some species. To sum up, salinity is the most important factor causing the difference of zooplankton community among different areas in the Changjiang estuary. Besides, water masses and estuarine turbidity also influence the zooplankton community.