固体电解质SO_2（SO_3）传感器测定烟道气中的SO_2

本文论述了利用北京科技大学研制的固体电解质ＳＯ２（ＳＯ３）传感器对测定烟道气中的ＳＯ２进行的研究。利用该传感器测定烟道气中的ＳＯ２,其测量范围为：５０—１７０００ｍｇ／ｍ３,相对标准偏差小于４．０％。因而具有测量范围宽,精确度高以及稳定性好的特点。设计的试验样机的总体噪声和漂移小于１．０ｍｇ／ｍ３,同时具有体积小．重量轻和操作简单的特点。     

2-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚固相萃取光度法测定镉的研究

研究了用2-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚(PAR)固相萃取光度法测定镉,在pH=8 0的硼酸-氢氧化钠缓冲介质中,TritonX-100存在下,QAMDHB与镉反应生成2∶1稳定络合物,体系最大吸收波长为520nm,摩尔吸光系数 =5 18×104L·mol-1·cm-1。样品中的镉用强阴离子交换固相萃取柱固相萃取预分离和富集后,用该方法测定,结果令人满意。     

IC色谱仪电位法测定S^2—的运用与研究

介绍了应用ＹＩＣ－８型离子色谱仪电化学检测器测定标准样品及废水样中Ｓ＾２－的含量,同时与化学法进行比较,肯定了电位法的准确性、可靠性。     

水中Mg 2+ 的测试管快速测定

研制了一种测定水中Mg^2 的测试管，测定范围为0.5mg/L-2.0mg/L，该测试管适用于现场应急监测，具有快速、简便、抗干扰能力强和价格低廉等特点。     

Characterisation of a Hg(II) ion optrode based on Nafion-1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol composite thin films

An optrode for Hg2+ ions based on a Nafion-1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphtol (TAN) composite thin film has been developed. This optrode has a wide linear response range of 1-75 microM (pH 6) of Hg2+ ions with a limit of detection of 0.05 microM (10 micrograms l-1), which is sufficiently adequate for many environmental monitoring applications. The reflectance signal response shows a close correlation with the theoretical model derived. The response time of the optrode thin film was within 5-7 min to reach 95% of the final signal, depending on the concentration of Hg2+ ions. The selectivity of optrode to Hg2+ ions in phosphate buffer is good, with Co2+ and Ni2+ ions as the main interferences.     

NH4NO3-Pd(NO3)2联合基体改进剂石墨炉法测海水中痕量镉

用NH4NO3-Pd(NO3)联合基体改进剂,石墨炉法直接测海水中痕量镉.通过不同条件的实验,确定了最佳的分析条件;并通过对实际样品平行性和加标回收率的测定,验证了方法的精密度和准确度.建立了空白实验,在0.19～5.0μg/L线性范围内,镉的最低检出限为0.19μg/L.实验结果表明,该方法快速方便,提高了分析效率,准确度高,精密度好.     

2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲基苯酚光度法测定水中的铜

研究了2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲基苯酚(QADMP)与铜(Ⅱ)的显色反应,在pH为4 0的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,CTMAB存在下,QADMP与铜(Ⅱ)生成分子比为2∶1的稳定红色配合物,该配合物λmax=561nm,摩尔吸光系数ε为4 56×104L·mol-1·cm-1,铜(Ⅱ)含量在0～0 4mg/L内符合比耳定律,该方法用于水样中微量铜的测定,结果满意。     

2-(2''''-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚的合成及其光度法测定水中的钴

合成了新试剂2-(2'-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚,研究了其与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应,在pH=5.5的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,2-(2'-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚与钴生成2∶1稳定的配合物,该配合物λmax=575 nm,摩尔吸光系数ε为2.443×104 L·mol-1·cm-1.钴含量在0～0.4 mg/L内符合比耳定律.新方法用于水样中微量钴的测定,结果满意.     

地表水中Cr6+测定过程的改进

介绍了地表水监测分析中对Cr6 测定方法的改进,通过活性炭吸附预处理后的水样消除水样中色度的干扰,并对活性炭的用量进行了分析,确定了活性炭的用量,以及对显色剂的改进.对基层监测站Cr6 测定有实际意义.     

催化分光光度法测定痕量Fe(Ⅲ)

基于在HCl介质中，Fe（Ⅲ）强烈地催化H2O2氧化次甲基绿的反应，建立了测定超痕量Fe（Ⅲ）的新方法。方法检出限为0．005μg/L，测定范围为0－0．25mg/L。本法对地下饮用水、人发、环境标准样品进行了测定。     

分光光度比浊法测定氢氟酸中SO_4~(2-)

在混合稳定剂的存在下,利用BaSO4的比浊法测定氢氟酸中的SO42-。SO42-浓度在0—50mg/L保持线性,2 5　工作曲线和灵敏度SO42-形成稳定的相应盐类。最低检出量为1mg/L。该方法已用于实际样品的测定。按实验方法测定其吸光度,SO42-的质量浓2 2　酸度的控制     

A low cost instrument based on a solid state sensor for balloon-borne atmospheric O(3) profile sounding

The design of an instrument based on a solid state tungsten oxide sensor for making profile measurements of atmospheric ozone from balloon platforms is described. The sensor is operated at a constant temperature, typically 530 [degree]C. The importance of a detailed consideration of the electronic design is demonstrated, with particular reference to the circuit to control the sensor heater. Calibration methods which are straightforward to implement are illustrated, and the results of a test flight alongside an electrochemical ozonesonde are shown. Quantitative agreement within 25% for most of the profile demonstrates the potential of this type of sensor for ozone sounding. Future improvements from manufacture to analysis are expected to improve on this.     

5-氯-2-(吡啶偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯分光光度法测定水质钴

采用5-氯-2-(吡啶偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯分光光度法测定水质钴。对分析方法的样品前处理、样品保存、样品分析条件、干扰消除、检出限及测定范围、实际样品测定进行了深入研究和技术改进。水样经消解后测定的方法检出限为0.009 mg/L,经富集后测定的方法检出限为4×10-4mg/L,干扰消除实验的回收率为96%~101%,地表水、地下水、生活污水及工业废水等4种类型水样的加标回收率为92%~103%。     

水样中可吸附有机卤化物(AOX)的测定

采用微库仑法对天然水样、自来水及工业废水中的可吸附有机卤化物(AOX)进行了测定。对比柱吸附法和振荡吸附法分析结果,表明柱吸附法在系统空白值、方法检测限、回收率和精密度方面都要优于振荡吸附法,其方法检测限为7·07μg(Cl)/L,回收率为99·3%~104·2%。去干扰实验表明,加入适量的亚硫酸钠溶液可以有效消除游离氯对AOX测定的影响。     

新试剂5—（3—甲基—2—吡啶）亚甲基若丹宁光度法测定汞的研究

研究了新试剂5-（3-甲基-2-毗啶）亚甲基若丹宁（MPMR）与汞的显色反应,在弱酸性介质中和CTMAB微乳液存在下,MPMR与Hg2 生成2：1稳定络合物,λmax=445nm,ε=1.04X105L.mol－1.cm－1。汞的含量在0～1．2mg几内符合比耳定律。方法用于水样中汞的测定,结果满意。     

水中痕量多环芳烃(PAHs)类环境污染物检测方法的研究

对水中多环芳烃（ＰＡＨｓ）检测方法进行了系统研究,采用固相萃取技术进行样品前处理,以取代传统的液液萃取,并建立了优化的ＰＡＨｓ液相色谱分析条件,可以适用于美国ＥＰＡ优先监控的水中１６种ＰＡＨｓ的同时分析     

Effects of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ on voltage-activated currents in Helix pomatia L. Neurons

Effects of Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were studied on voltage-activated Na-, Ca-, and K-currents in snail neurons. It was found that: 1. In normal physiological saline Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions exerted complex changes on the total ionic currents; 2. All three metal ion have depressed the inward Na-currents but with different K _D , moreover Pb ²⁺ increased Na-current at low concentrations (5 M); 3. The inward Ca-current was also reduced. The sequence of the blocking effect of metals was different: Pb>Cu>Zn, however the steady-state inactivation was influenced only by Cu²⁺; 4. Outward currents were decreased in all neurons by Cu²⁺, but the effects of Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were either depression or enhancement in different indentified neurons; 5. The possibility of binding heavy metals to wide variety of membrane proteins and the observed effects on different ionic channels suggest that the metal effect is complex and cannot be taken as a specific one to a single channel type or site of location.     

Pesticide vapours in confined atmospheres. Determination of dichlorvos by SPME-GC-MS at the microg m(-3) level

A method based on SPME is described for assessing the gaseous dichlorvos concentration in confined atmospheres like a greenhouse after a pesticide application. Sampling was made by using SPME with PDMS fibres immersed into a 250 mL sampling flask into which air samples were dynamically pumped from the analysed atmosphere. Sampling duration was 40 min and samples were then analysed by GC-MS. Calibration was performed from a vapour saturated air sample and gas phase diluted samples, and this procedure afforded a curve with a regression coefficient (R2) higher than 0.98. The repeatability of these measurements was observed with an RSD of 2.5%. This analysis procedure was then applied for the determination of gaseous dichlorvos concentrations versus time, in the atmosphere of an experimental 8 m2 and 20 m3 greenhouse. The pesticide was sprayed according to real cultivation conditions and measurements were made from 2 up to 74 h after application affording observed concentrations in the range of decades and hundreds of microg m(-3) (corresponding limits of detection and quantification were found at the level of a few microg m(-3)).     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饮用水中的硒

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饮用水中的硒元素。结果表明,高能碰撞模式(HEHe)较碰撞/反应池气体模式(He模式)消除干扰效果更好;在HEHe模式下,~(78)Se在0.5~100μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数0.999 9,方法检出限为0.06μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.4%~0.8%,加标回收率为97.1%~103.2%。方法性能指标均能较好满足饮用水中Se的定量测试要求。