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We sutdied the application of the bacteria Azotobacter vinellandi on the treatment of effluents from pulp and paper industry. Two types of treatment employing this microorganism were studied: biological treatment isolated and combined with stages of pre- or post-treatment using ozonation or photocatalysis processes. In the biological treatment, the siderophores production by A. vinellandi had a major effect on the efficiency of effluents degradation. Among the different combined treatments, the best results were obtained with the photocatalytic pre-treatment. 相似文献
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二苯甲酮类紫外防晒剂发光菌急性毒性及QSAR研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
二苯甲酮类化合物广泛用于防晒剂、塑料添加剂、香味剂等。随着紫外防晒产品的大量使用,其环境及健康风险越来越受到人们的关注。为揭示二苯甲酮类污染物的毒性特征,选择了14种二苯甲酮类化合物作为目标化合物,测试了它们对发光细菌的急性毒性效应。分别运用二维、三维定量构效相关技术和分子对接技术探讨了目标化合物的分子结构特征对毒性效应的影响。结果表明14种二苯甲酮类化合物对发光菌急性毒性的EC50值在17.67到243.82 mg·L-1范围内,其中2-羟基-4-甲氧基-5-磺酸基二苯甲酮的急性毒性最低,2,2',4,4'-四羟基二苯甲酮的毒性最高。羟基取代的二苯甲酮化合物的急性毒性随着分子中羟基数量的增加而升高;具有相同羟基数量的二苯甲酮类化合物,羟基位于苯环4-位时毒性最高,3-位时次之,2-位时毒性最低。QSAR结果表明,运用静电场、氢键受体场和氢键供体场能很好解释这类化合物的毒性特征,若在苯环4-位引入带正电荷的官能团、在苯环2-,4-位引入氢键受体,都将导致毒性升高。上述研究结果将为科学评价该类化合物的潜在生态风险提供基础数据。 相似文献
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Yapeng Song Hui Gong Jianbing Wang Fengmin Chang Kaijun Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(4):64
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Pan Gao Yuan Song Shaoning Wang Claude Descorme Shaoxia Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(1):8
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The occurrence and removal efficiency of seven pharmaceuticals (norfloxacin, trimethoprim, roxithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen, diclofenac and carbamazepine) were determined in three sewage treatment plants (STPs) with anaerobic/anoxic/oxic, anoxic/oxic and oxidation ditches processes in Xuzhou City, Eastern China. The results showed that seven pharmaceuticals were detected in the influent samples with concentrations ranging from 93 to 2540 ng·L−1. The removal of these substances among the three different STPs varied from 36 to 84%, with the highest performance obtained by the wastewater treatment works with tertiary treatment (sand filtration). Most of the compounds were removed effectively during biologic treatment while sand filtration treatment also made a contribution to the total elimination of most pharmaceuticals. The efficiency comparison of the three sewage treatment processes showed that the STP which employed anaerobic/anoxic/oxic was more effective to remove pharmaceuticals than the oxidation ditches and anoxic/oxic. 相似文献
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Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAH) with less than four rings are frequently found in the environment, whereas the toxicities associated with these compounds remain unclear. In this study, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)–ligand binding activities of OH-PAH were investigated by using a recombinant yeast assay system. The majority of the OH-PAH tested showed AhR–ligand binding activities, especially, when the hydroxylated derivatives of naphthalene were incubated with recombinant yeast. The structure–activity relationship between AhR activity and molecular weight or the octanol–water partition coefficient value of OH-PAH displayed significant correlations. These findings indicate that the site and number of hydroxy-groups substituted on PAH skeleton apparently influenced the AhR – ligand binding activity in the recombinant yeast assay. 相似文献
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Arash Massoudieh Erik LoboschefskyTed Sommer Timothy GinnKenneth Rose Frank Loge 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(19):3513-3523
Most models developed for the movement and fate of eggs and larvae of aquatic species are based on a particle tracking approach. Although this method has many advantages due to its high flexibility, particle tracking may become computationally intensive for complex geometries and when large numbers of particles are needed to simulate the population properly. In continuous models based on advection and dispersion mechanisms, the computational burden is independent of the size of the population. We developed a continuous fate and transport model for striped bass eggs and larvae in the San Francisco Bay-Delta. The model predicts the concentration of eggs and larvae at any location over time. The method of moments was used to account for the effect of temperature and age on the transition of eggs to larvae and larvae to juveniles. Egg and larval mortality were represented as functions of temperature, and eggs also experienced settling mortality. The fate and transport model used the same one-dimensional spatial grid as the existing Delta Simulation Model II (DSM2) hydrodynamics model. DSM2 output of flow rates, water depths, and cross-sectional areas were inputted into the fate and transport model to determine transport. The model was applied to striped bass eggs and larvae data collected during years 1990-1994; agreement between the modeled and the measured data was acceptable in most cases. Exploratory simulations were performed to demonstrate how the model could be used to evaluate the effects on egg and larval survival and total juvenile production of water diversions for supply and agricultural use and changes in the long-term mean water temperature. The model can be further used to examine the impact of various operation strategies in the San Francisco Bay-Delta, where diversion losses of early life stages of fishes remain a major management issue. 相似文献
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Songwei Lin Yaobin Lu Bo Ye Cuiping Zeng Guangli Liu Jieling Li Haiping Luo Renduo Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):12
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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were developed in order to translate external concentrations into internal dose estimates, but most PBPK models were developed for younger adults. A set of physiological parameters for ages 65, 75, and 85 of both genders were developed and were used with previously established human PBPK models of exposure to toluene and perchloroethylene (PERC) in order to investigate internal dose changes with increasing age. The predicted compartmental concentrations of toluene and PERC for aged adults were lower than predicted concentrations for younger adults, and this suggests that body composition changes with aging do not increase internal doses of inhaled toxicants alone after acute exposure. Hence, susceptibility to either toxicant was not expected to increase solely based on the physiological changes associated with aging. Predictions for a metabolite of PERC, however, were similar in magnitude across ages, which may lead to enhanced susceptibility if metabolic capacity changes with aging. 相似文献
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Hailong Yin Yiyuan Lin Huijin Zhang Ruibin Wu Zuxin Xu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(7):85
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Güzin Alpdoğan 《毒物与环境化学》2016,98(2):179-188
A multi element preconcentration procedure for solid phase extraction on Amberlite XAD-4 as their salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazone chelates and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of some trace metal ions in water samples are proposed in this work. The influences of some analytical parameters, including pH of aqueous solution, amounts of reagent, flow rates of sample and eluent solutions, and sample volume on the quantitative recoveries of copper, nickel, cobalt, and iron were investigated. The effects of concomitant ions on the retentions of the analytes were also examined. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of metal ions in some real samples, including, tap water, river water, spring water, and waste water. 相似文献